scholarly journals Late effects of antitumor treatment on the musculoskeletal system

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 86-93
Author(s):  
G. M. Muftakhova ◽  
N. A. Bolshakov ◽  
E. Yu. Ilyina
Keyword(s):  
Musculoskeletal System ◽  
Late Effects ◽  
The State ◽  
Limb Amputation ◽  
Malignant Neoplasms ◽  
Pathological Changes ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Pathological Conditions ◽  
Long Term Consequences

This article is devoted to the analysis of problems associated with the state of the musculoskeletal system in patients who survived malignant neoplasms in childhood. The main diseases and pathological conditions that can develop in this population are considered. The risks of pathological changes in the musculoskeletal system, treatment and prevention are described. The issues of long-term consequences after limb amputation, organ-preserving operations, osteonecrosis, scoliosis, osteoporosis are separately analyzed.

scholarly journals Late effects of antitumor treatment on the nervous system

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-80
Author(s):  
G. M. Muftakhova ◽  
O. B. Merishavyan
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Peripheral Neuropathy ◽  
Late Effects ◽  
Malignant Neoplasm ◽  
The State ◽  
Pathological Changes ◽  
Raynaud’S Syndrome ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Pathological Conditions

This article is devoted to the analysis of problems related to the state of the nervous system in patients who have survived malignant neoplasm in childhood. The main diseases and pathological conditions that can develop in this population are considered. The risks of the development of pathological changes in the nervous system, treatment and prevention are described. Separately analyzed issues of peripheral neuropathy, Raynaud’s syndrome, chronic pain.

scholarly journals Late effects of antitumor treatment from genitourinary system (delayed influence of antitumor treatment on the organs of the genitourinary system)

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 114-119
Author(s):  
G. M. Muftakhova ◽  
M. E. Aksenova
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Late Effects ◽  
Malignant Neoplasm ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Anticancer Therapy ◽  
Pathological Changes ◽  
Genitourinary System ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Pathological Conditions ◽  
Definition Of

This article is devoted to the analysis of problems associated with the state of the genitourinary system (GUS) in patients who have undergone a malignant neoplasm in childhood. The main diseases and pathological conditions that can develop in this population are considered. The risks of the development of pathological changes in the kidneys, treatment and prevention are described. Separately, the effects of various types of anticancer therapy (chemoradiotherapy) on GUS were analyzed. Recommendations are given on the definition of risk groups, physical activity and recommended actions.

Neuroblastoma: A Tough Nut to Crack

2016 ◽  
pp. e548-e557 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank Speleman ◽  
Julie R. Park ◽  
Tara O. Henderson
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Late Effects ◽  
Association Studies ◽  
Genomic Analysis ◽  
The United States ◽  
Malignant Neoplasms ◽  
Genome Wide Association Studies ◽  
Second Malignant Neoplasms ◽  
Tumor In Childhood

Neuroblastoma, an embryonal tumor arising from neural crest–derived progenitor cells, is the most common solid tumor in childhood, with more than 700 cases diagnosed per year in the United States. In the past several decades, significant advances have been made in the treatment of neuroblastoma. Treatment advances reflect improved understanding of the biology of neuroblastoma. Although amplification of MYCN was discovered in the early 1980s, our understanding of neuroblastoma oncogenesis has advanced in the last decade as a result of high-throughput genomic analysis, exome and whole-genome sequencing, genome-wide association studies, and synthetic lethal drug screens. Our refined understanding of neuroblastoma biology and genetics is reflected in improved prognostic stratification and appropriate tailoring of therapy in recent clinical trials. Moreover, for high-risk neuroblastoma, a disease that was uniformly fatal 3 decades ago, recent clinical trials incorporating autologous hematopoietic transplant and immunotherapy utilizing anti-GD2 antibody plus cytokines have shown improved event-free and overall survival. These advances have resulted in a growing population of long-term survivors of neuroblastoma. Examination of the late effects and second malignant neoplasms (SMNs) in both older generations of survivors and more recently treated survivors will inform both design of future trials and surveillance guidelines for long-term follow-up. As a consequence of advances in understanding of the biology of neuroblastoma, successful clinical trials, and refined understanding of the late effects and SMNs of survivors, the promise of precision medicine is becoming a reality for patients with neuroblastoma.

scholarly journals Public Key Infrastructure and Digital Signature Legislation: Ten Public Policy Questions

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Bradford Biddle
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Digital Signature ◽  
Public Key Infrastructure ◽  
The State ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Public Key ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
Long Term Consequences

Following the lead of the State of Utah, numerous states and several foreign countries have enacted “digitalsignature” legislation aimed at promoting the development of a public key infrastructure (PKI). While PKIlegislation has acquired significant momentum, it is not clear that lawmakers have carefully considered thepublic policy implications and long-term consequences of these laws. This article surveys ten public policyissues implicated by digital signature legislation.

scholarly journals Single-nucleotide polymorphisms as biomarkers of long-term radiation-induced changes in systemic immunity

2021 ◽  
pp. 38-49
Author(s):  
А.А. Аклеев ◽  
Е.А. Блинова ◽  
А.В. Аклеев
Keyword(s):  
Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Malignant Neoplasms ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Immune Parameters ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Long Term Consequences ◽  
Induced Changes

Актуальность. Поиск молекулярно-генетических предикторов злокачественных новообразований важен как для понимания патогенетических механизмов отдалённых последствий облучения человека в малых дозах и с низкой мощностью дозы, так и для персонификации их радиационного риска. Цель. Исследовать связь однонуклеотидных полиморфизмов (ОНП) генов, регулирующих иммунные реакции, с показателями системного иммунитета у облученных людей в отдалённые сроки. Методы. Через 60 и более лет после начала хронического облучения в широком диапазоне доз (диапазон индивидуальных значений: 0,08-4,46 Гр) обследовано 384 жителя прибрежных сел реки Течи. Проанализировано влияние носительства ОНП генов (PAD4 rs874881, MPO rs2333227, NOX2 rs4673, а также IL1b rs1143634, IL2 rs2069762, IL4 rs2070874, IL6 rs1800795, IL8 rs4073, IL10 rs1800871, IL10 rs1800872, TNFα rs361525, MAPK8 rs2239815, STAT3 rs1053023, GATA3 rs4143094 и NF-κB1 rs28362491) на показатели системного иммунитета. Результаты. Установлено модифицирующее влияние полиморфных вариантов генов MAPK8 rs2239815, NF-κB1 rs28362491, STAT3 rs1053023 и GATA3 rs4143094 на численность основных субпопуляций лимфоцитов в периферической крови; IL10 rs1800872 и PAD4 rs874881, соответственно, - на содержание сывороточных ИЛ-10 и ФНО-α. Полиморфизмы IL2 rs2069762, IL6 rs1800795, IL12 rs3212227 и MPО rs2333227 оказывали модифицирующее влияние на функциональное состояние иммунокомпетентных клеток у облученных людей в отдалённые сроки. Заключение. Однонуклеотидные полиморфизмы генов, вовлеченные в регуляцию иммунитета, могут рассматриваться в качестве потенциальных биомаркёров, ассоциированных с радиационно-индуцированными изменениями системного иммунитета, и предикторов отдалённых последствий облучения человека, прежде всего, злокачественных новообразований. Background. The search for molecular genetic predictors for malignant neoplasms is important for both understanding of pathogenetic mechanisms for long-term consequences of low dose and low dose rate exposure of people, and for personification of their radiation risk. The aim was to study the connection of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) of genes regulating immune responses with systemic immune parameters in exposed persons in the long-term. Methods. 384 residents of the Techa riverside settlements were examined 60 and more years after the onset of chronic exposure to a wide range of doses (range of individual values: 0.08-4.46 Gy). Effects of carrying SNP genes (PAD4 rs874881, MPO rs2333227, NOX2 rs4673, as well as IL1b rs1143634, IL2 rs2069762, IL4 rs2070874, IL6 rs1800795, IL8 rs4073, IL10 rs1800871, IL10 rs1800872, TNFα rs361525, MAPK8 rs2239815, STAT3 rs1053023, GATA3 rs4143094 and NF-κB1 rs28362491) on systemic immune parameters were studied. Results. MAPK8 rs2239815, NF-κB1 rs28362491, STAT3 rs1053023 and GATA3 rs4143094 gene polymorphisms exerted a modifying effect on the number of main subpopulations of peripheral blood lymphocytes; IL10 rs1800872 and PAD4 rs874881, respectively, modified serum concentrations of IL-10 and TNFα. Polymorphisms IL2 rs2069762, IL6 rs1800795, IL12 rs3212227 and MPО rs2333227 modified the functional status of immunocompetent cells in exposed persons in the long-term. Conclusion. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms of the genes involved in immune regulation can be considered as potential biomarkers associated with radiation-induced changes in the systemic immunity and as predictors for long-term consequences in exposed persons, primarily for malignant neoplasms.

“The Enthusiasm Expressed by Our Industry Friends”

Vulcan ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 100-124
Author(s):  
Adam Givens
Keyword(s):  
Long Range ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
The State ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Us Army ◽  
The Face ◽  
Long Term Consequences ◽  
Fait Accompli

Abstract This article analyzes the groundbreaking 1952 plan by US Army leadership to develop a sizeable cargo helicopter program in the face of interservice opposition. It examines the influence that decision had in the next decade on the Army, the helicopter industry, and vtol technology. The Army’s procurement of large helicopters that could transport soldiers and materiel was neither a fait accompli nor based on short-term needs. Rather, archival records reveal that the decision was based on long-range concerns about the postwar health of the helicopter industry, developing the state of the art, and fostering new doctrinal concepts. The procurement had long-term consequences. Helicopters became central to Army war planning, and the ground service’s needs dictated the next generation of helicopter designs. That technology made possible the revolutionary airmobility concept that the Army took into Vietnam and also led to a flourishing commercial helicopter field.

scholarly journals Balancing cure and long-term risks in acute lymphoblastic leukemia

Hematology ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 (1) ◽  
pp. 190-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lewis B. Silverman
Keyword(s):  
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Late Effects ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Malignant Neoplasms ◽  
Second Malignant Neoplasms ◽  
Current Therapies ◽  
Cure Rates ◽  
Long Term Survivors

Abstract Cure rates for children and adolescents with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) have improved dramatically over the last few decades. With this success has come increasing recognition of the adverse late effects of treatment. The significant long-term sequelae in the earliest cohort of long-term survivors treated in the 1970s and 1980s are well documented. To reduce the incidence of these late effects, the majority of pediatric patients treated on more contemporary regimens receive less intensive treatment than did those treated 30-40 years ago. However, current therapies are not risk free; children treated with contemporary regimens remain at risk for developing long-term toxicities, including cardiac dysfunction, osteonecrosis, neurocognitive impairment, and second malignant neoplasms. One of the great challenges facing clinical investigators today is to identify interventions that will reduce the frequency and severity of long-term toxicities without adversely affecting cure rates. The use of dexrazoxane as a cardioprotectant (to prevent anthracycline-associated cardiotoxicity) and alternate-week dosing of dexamethasone (to reduce the risk of osteonecrosis) are examples of 2 such successful strategies. This article provides an overview of the long-term toxicities associated with current therapies and reviews results of clinical trials designed to minimize the burden of cure in long-term survivors.

scholarly journals Impact of malignant neoplasms on musculoskeletal system in children (literature review)

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 60-66
Author(s):  
O. A. Tikhonova ◽  
N. Yu. Krutikova ◽  
A. F. Karelin ◽  
E. V. Zhukovskaya ◽  
A. G. Rumyantsev
Keyword(s):  
Musculoskeletal System ◽  
Mineral Metabolism ◽  
Bone Mineralization ◽  
Disease Free Survival ◽  
Underlying Disease ◽  
Late Complications ◽  
Malignant Neoplasms ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Actual Problem

Because of the successful implementation of modern treatment technologies at any stage of therapy of children with oncohematological diseases, their overall and disease-free survival has increased significantly. According to recent observations, 80 % of children after the completion of a special antitumor treatment continue to have changes of different organs. Almost all patients are at risk for late complications from the musculoskeletal system but little attention is paid to this issue. Evaluation of long-term complications from the musculoskeletal system and mineral metabolism in patients, development of their complex rehabilitation and prevention is an actual problem of pediatric oncology and hematology. This review summarizes data on long-term complications from the musculoskeletal system after special therapy. The necessity of diagnostics approaches harmonization and correction of not only the most common complications, but also little studied conditions, such as reduction of bone mineralization, is shown. It is noted that multidisciplinary rehabilitation treatment of children in remission can not only correct the consequences of the underlying disease, concomitant pathology and the consequences of special therapy but also reduce the disability of children.

scholarly journals Second Malignant Neoplasms (SMN) in Myeloma Patients Post Stem Cell Transplant (SCT)

Blood ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 138 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 1839-1839
Author(s):  
Samar Kulkarni ◽  
John Murray ◽  
Jim Cavet ◽  
Mike Dennis ◽  
Adrian Bloor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Solid Tumours ◽  
Malignant Neoplasms ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Cell Transplant ◽  
Treatment Needs ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Long Term Consequences

Abstract Introduction: Recent developments in management of patients with myeloma have resulted in longer survival. Availability of newer class of agents for treatment has prolonged survival, improved quality of life and achieved better disease control. Use of SCT, either autologous (AutoSCT) and to a lesser extent allogeneic (AlloSCT) still forms an important aspect of myeloma treatment pathway. Improved survivorship mandates evaluation of long term consequences and risk of SMN is one of the most important long-term consequences affecting overall outcome. Aim: Estimate the risk of SMN post SCT in patients with Myeloma. Methods and Materials: Analysis includes 779 patients who received SCT for myeloma from January 2002 to December 2019. Data was collected using case records, electronic patient records, transplant database and information from referring hospitals. Follow-up was updated to June 2020. Results: Analysis includes 779 patients with myeloma (M: 488, F:291; median age:59yr, range: 26-75) receiving AutoSCT (n=716) or AlloSCT (n=63). Conditioning for AutoSCT was high dose melphalan in majority (n=714, 99.7%). AlloSCT conditioning was RIC (n=40/63, 63.5%) or MAC (n=23/63, 36.5%). TBI was part of conditioning in 51/779 (6.5%). There was no difference in demographics between two groups. Results: Median follow-up was 46 mo (range: 0.2-220). Second malignancy was identified in 48 of 779 cases (6.0%). SMN developed in 6/63 (10%) AlloSCT and 42/716 (6%) AutoSCT patents (p=0.25). SMN types were haematological (n=21), lymphoma (n=6) and solid tumours (n=21). MDS was the only haematological SMN in this series. Secondary MDS developed in 20/21 of AutoSCT as compared to 1/63 in AlloSCT (p=0.01). Non-haematological SMN were breast (n=3), upper GI (n=3), lower GI (n=2), hepato-billiary (n=2), prostate (n=3), skin (n=5), and unknown primary (n=1). SMN incidence was higher with increasing follow-up (2002-2014, 8%; 2015-2017, 2.8%, 2018-2019, 0%, p=0.002). There was no association with development of SMN and gender, age at transplant, type of stem cell source or transplant conditioning. Incidence of SMN was significantly higher for all sites as compared to general population. Cumulative incidence of SMN was 5% at 5 yr, and 15% at 10 yr for AutoSCT patients. Conclusion: Myeloma patients are at increased risk of SMN and need monitoring for long term side effects. Development of MDS post AutoSCT is the commonest SMN post AutoSCT but there is increased incidence of solid tumours as well. Impact of new modalities of treatment needs long term monitoring. Disclosures Bloor: Novartis: Honoraria; Kite, a Gilead Company: Honoraria.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document