Research Progress on Dipeptidyl Peptidase Family: Structure, Function and Xenobiotic Metabolism

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xing-Kai Qian ◽  
Jing Zhang ◽  
Xiao-Dong Li ◽  
Pei-Fang Song ◽  
Li-Wei Zou
Keyword(s):  
Bioactive Peptides ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Xenobiotic Metabolism ◽  
Dipeptidyl Peptidase ◽  
Fibroblast Activation Protein ◽  
Amino Acid Sequences ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Biological Functions ◽  
Endogenous Peptides ◽  
Endogenous Substrates

: Prolyl-specific peptidases or proteases, including Dipeptidyl Peptidase 2, 4, 6, 8, 9, 10, Fibroblast Activation Protein, prolyl endopeptidase and prolyl carboxypeptidase, belong to the dipeptidyl peptidase family. In human physiology and anatomy, they have homology amino acid sequences, similarities in structure, but play distinct functions and roles. Some of them also play important roles in the metabolism of drugs containing endogenous peptides, xenobiotics containing peptides, and exogenous peptides. The major functions of these peptidases in both the metabolism of human health and bioactive peptides are of significant importance in the development of effective inhibitors to control the metabolism of endogenous bioactive peptides. The structural characteristics, distribution of tissue, endogenous substrates, and biological functions were summarized in this review. Furthermore, the xenobiotics metabolism of the dipeptidyl peptidase family is illustrated. All the evidence and information summarized in this review would be very useful for researchers to extend the understanding of the proteins of these families and offer advice and assistance in physiology and pathology studies.

scholarly journals Recent Developments of Antimony-Based Anodes for Sodium- and Potassium-Ion Batteries

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bochao Chen ◽  
Ming Liang ◽  
Qingzhao Wu ◽  
Shan Zhu ◽  
Naiqin Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Potassium Ion ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Weak Charge ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
High Theoretical Capacity ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Sodium And Potassium

AbstractThe development of sodium-ion (SIBs) and potassium-ion batteries (PIBs) has increased rapidly because of the abundant resources and cost-effectiveness of Na and K. Antimony (Sb) plays an important role in SIBs and PIBs because of its high theoretical capacity, proper working voltage, and low cost. However, Sb-based anodes have the drawbacks of large volume changes and weak charge transfer during the charge and discharge processes, thus leading to poor cycling and rapid capacity decay. To address such drawbacks, many strategies and a variety of Sb-based materials have been developed in recent years. This review systematically introduces the recent research progress of a variety of Sb-based anodes for SIBs and PIBs from the perspective of composition selection, preparation technologies, structural characteristics, and energy storage behaviors. Moreover, corresponding examples are presented to illustrate the advantages or disadvantages of these anodes. Finally, we summarize the challenges of the development of Sb-based materials for Na/K-ion batteries and propose potential research directions for their further development.

scholarly journals Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analyses of CONSTANS-Like Family Genes in Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhen Tian ◽  
Xiaodong Qin ◽  
Hui Wang ◽  
Ji Li ◽  
Jinfeng Chen
Keyword(s):  
Floral Induction ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Evolutionary Relationship ◽  
Biological Functions ◽  
Promoter Regions ◽  
Cucumis Sativus L ◽  
Cis Acting ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Induction Process

AbstractThe CONSTANS-like (COL) gene family is one of the plant-specific transcription factor families that play important roles in plant growth and development. However, the knowledge of COLs related in cucumber is limited, and their biological functions, especially in the photoperiod-dependent flowering process, are still unclear. In this study, twelve CsaCOL genes were identified in the cucumber genome. Phylogenetic and conserved motif analyses provided insights into the evolutionary relationship between the CsaCOLs. Further, the comparative genome analysis revealed that COL genes are conserved in different plant species, especially collinearity gene pairs related to CsaCOL5. Ten kinds of cis-acting elements were vividly detected in CsaCOLs promoter regions, including five light-responsive elements, which echo the diurnal rhythm expression patterns of seven CsaCOL genes under SD and LD photoperiod regimes. Combined with the expression data of developmental stage, three CsaCOL genes are involved in the flowering network and play pivotal roles for the floral induction process. Our results provide useful information for further elucidating the structural characteristics, expression patterns, and biological functions of COL family genes in many plants

scholarly journals Biological functions and clinical significance of long noncoding RNAs in bladder cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Zhang ◽  
Xianwu Chen ◽  
Juntao Lin ◽  
Xiaodong Jin
Keyword(s):  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Clinical Significance ◽  
Noncoding Rna ◽  
Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Long Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Biological Functions ◽  
Mesenchymal Transition

AbstractBladder cancer (BCa) is one of the 10 most common cancers with high morbidity and mortality worldwide. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), a large class of noncoding RNA transcripts, consist of more than 200 nucleotides and play a significant role in the regulation of molecular interactions and cellular pathways during the occurrence and development of various cancers. In recent years, with the rapid advancement of high-throughput gene sequencing technology, several differentially expressed lncRNAs have been discovered in BCa, and their functions have been proven to have an impact on BCa development, such as cell growth and proliferation, metastasis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), angiogenesis, and drug-resistance. Furthermore, evidence suggests that lncRNAs are significantly associated with BCa patients’ clinicopathological characteristics, especially tumor grade, TNM stage, and clinical progression stage. In addition, lncRNAs have the potential to more accurately predict BCa patient prognosis, suggesting their potential as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for BCa patients in the future. In this review, we briefly summarize and discuss recent research progress on BCa-associated lncRNAs, while focusing on their biological functions and mechanisms, clinical significance, and targeted therapy in BCa oncogenesis and malignant progression.

scholarly journals Circulating fibroblast activation protein and dipeptidyl peptidase 4 in rheumatoid arthritis and systemic sclerosis

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (11) ◽  
pp. 1915-1923 ◽  
Author(s):  
Premarani Sinnathurai ◽  
Wendy Lau ◽  
Ana Julia Vieira de Ribeiro ◽  
William W. Bachovchin ◽  
Helen Englert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Systemic Sclerosis ◽  
Dipeptidyl Peptidase ◽  
Fibroblast Activation Protein ◽  
Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 ◽  
Fibroblast Activation

Research Progress on Microreactor Technology in oxidation reactions

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Chen ◽  
Mengjing Zhu ◽  
Fuwei Xianga ◽  
Junfeng Li ◽  
Hongjun Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidation Reaction ◽  
Heat Transfer Performance ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Oxidation Reactions ◽  
Olefin Oxidation ◽  
Precise Control ◽  
Safety Production ◽  
Microreactor Technology ◽  
Mass And Heat Transfer

: In recent years, the development of the chemical industry has been moving in a green, safe and efficient direction. Oxidation reactions are one of the most important types of reaction, and have key applications in food, medicine, and cosmetics, petrochemicals. However, the occurrence of the oxidation reaction is accompanied by a strong exothermic phenomenon, and improper control can easily lead to safety problems and even explosions. The realization of an environmentally friendly oxidation reaction is a key industrial milestone. The unique structural characteristics of microreactors result in good mass and heat transfer performance, precise control of the reaction temperature, reduced risk of explosion, improved safety production and selectivity of products. These unique advantages of the microreactor determine its significant application value in oxidation reactions. In this paper, the research progress of several typical oxidation reactions including alkane oxidation, alcohol oxidation, aldosterone oxidation, aromatics oxidation and olefin oxidation combined with microreactors is reviewed systematically.

scholarly journals BIOPEP-UWM Database of Bioactive Peptides: Current Opportunities

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (23) ◽  
pp. 5978 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minkiewicz ◽  
Iwaniak ◽  
Darewicz
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Bioactive Peptides ◽  
Protein Sequences ◽  
Batch Processing ◽  
Amino Acid Sequences ◽  
Quantitative Parameters ◽  
New Information

The BIOPEP-UWM™ database of bioactive peptides (formerly BIOPEP) has recently become a popular tool in the research on bioactive peptides, especially on these derived from foods and being constituents of diets that prevent development of chronic diseases. The database is continuously updated and modified. The addition of new peptides and the introduction of new information about the existing ones (e.g., chemical codes and references to other databases) is in progress. New opportunities include the possibility of annotating peptides containing D-enantiomers of amino acids, batch processing option, converting amino acid sequences into SMILES code, new quantitative parameters characterizing the presence of bioactive fragments in protein sequences, and finding proteinases that release particular peptides.

scholarly journals The Regulatory Functions of Circular RNAs in Digestive System Cancers

Cancers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 770 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Yuan ◽  
Ya Yuan ◽  
Zhi He ◽  
Diyan Li ◽  
Bo Zeng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Digestive System ◽  
Rna Binding ◽  
Rna Binding Proteins ◽  
Circular Rna ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Circular Rnas ◽  
Biological Functions ◽  
Ribonucleic Acids ◽  
Mirna Sponges ◽  
And Biological Markers

Circular ribonucleic acids (circRNAs), which are a type of covalently closed circular RNA, are receiving increasing attention. An increasing amount of evidence suggests that circRNAs are involved in the biogenesis and development of multiple diseases such as digestive system cancers. Dysregulated circRNAs have been found to act as oncogenes or tumour suppressors in digestive system cancers. Moreover, circRNAs are related to ageing and a wide variety of processes in tumour cells, such as cell apoptosis, invasion, migration, and proliferation. Moreover, circRNAs can perform a remarkable multitude of biological functions, such as regulating splicing or transcription, binding RNA-binding proteins to enable function, acting as microRNA (miRNA) sponges, and undergoing translated into proteins. However, in digestive system cancers, circRNAs function mainly as miRNA sponges. Herein, we summarise the latest research progress on biological functions of circRNAs in digestive system cancers. This review serves as a synopsis of potential therapeutic targets and biological markers for digestive system cancer.

scholarly journals Fibroblast activation protein: A cell surface dipeptidyl peptidase and gelatinase expressed by stellate cells at the tissue remodelling interface in human cirrhosis

Hepatology ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 1768-1778 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miriam T. Levy ◽  
Geoffrey W. McCaughan ◽  
Catherine A. Abbott ◽  
John E. Park ◽  
Anne M. Cunningham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Surface ◽  
Protein A ◽  
Stellate Cells ◽  
Dipeptidyl Peptidase ◽  
Fibroblast Activation Protein ◽  
Tissue Remodelling ◽  
Fibroblast Activation ◽  
A Cell
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