scholarly journals Simultaneous Quantification of Citalopram and its Main Metabolite, Desmethylcitalopram, in Human Saliva by UHPLC

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 554-561
Author(s):  
Ewelina Dziurkowska ◽  
Marek Wesolowski
Keyword(s):  
Human Saliva ◽  
Main Metabolite ◽  
Simultaneous Quantification

Simultaneous quantification of metronidazole, tinidazole, ornidazole and morinidazole in human saliva

2012 ◽  
Vol 899 ◽  
pp. 27-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongqing Wang ◽  
Peipei Zhang ◽  
Ningling Jiang ◽  
Xiaojian Gong ◽  
Ling Meng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Saliva ◽  
Simultaneous Quantification

scholarly journals Simultaneous Quantification of Antioxidants Paraxanthine and Caffeine in Human Saliva by Electrochemical Sensing for CYP1A2 Phenotyping

Antioxidants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Rozalia-Maria Anastasiadi ◽  
Federico Berti ◽  
Silvia Colomban ◽  
Claudio Tavagnacco ◽  
Luciano Navarini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Differential Pulse Voltammetry ◽  
Differential Pulse ◽  
Human Saliva ◽  
The Body ◽  
Electrochemical Sensing ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Simultaneous Quantification ◽  
Relative Standard ◽  
Pulse Voltammetry

The enzyme CYP1A2 is responsible for the metabolism of numerous antioxidants in the body, including caffeine, which is transformed into paraxanthine, its main primary metabolite. Both molecules are known for their antioxidant and pro-oxidant characteristics, and the paraxanthine-to-caffeine molar ratio is a widely accepted metric for CYP1A2 phenotyping, to optimize dose–response effects in individual patients. We developed a simple, cheap and fast electrochemical based method for the simultaneous quantification of paraxanthine and caffeine in human saliva, by differential pulse voltammetry, using an anodically pretreated glassy carbon electrode. Cyclic voltammetry experiments revealed for the first time that the oxidation of paraxanthine is diffusion controlled with an irreversible peak at ca. +1.24 V (vs. Ag/AgCl) in a 0.1 M H2SO4 solution, and that the mechanism occurs via the transfer of two electrons and two protons. The simultaneous quantification of paraxanthine and caffeine was demonstrated in 0.1 M H2SO4 and spiked human saliva samples. In the latter case, limits of detection of 2.89 μM for paraxanthine and 5.80 μM for caffeine were obtained, respectively. The sensor is reliable, providing a relative standard deviation within 7% (n = 6). Potential applicability of the sensing platform was demonstrated by running a small scale trial on five healthy volunteers, with simultaneous quantification by differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) of paraxanthine and caffeine in saliva samples collected at 1, 3 and 6 h postdose administration. The results were validated by ultra-high pressure liquid chromatography and shown to have a high correlation factor (r = 0.994).

scholarly journals Simultaneous Quantification of Antipsychotic and Antiepileptic Drugs and Their Metabolites in Human Saliva Using UHPLC-DAD

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (16) ◽  
pp. 2953 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dziurkowska ◽  
Wesolowski
Keyword(s):  
Chromatographic Analysis ◽  
Internal Standard ◽  
Human Saliva ◽  
The Body ◽  
Array Detector ◽  
Diode Array ◽  
Diode Array Detector ◽  
Simultaneous Quantification ◽  
Relative Standard ◽  
Active Substances

Neuroleptics and antiepileptics are excreted in saliva, which can, therefore, be very useful in determining their concentration in the body. This study presents a method developed to simultaneously identify five neuroleptics—olanzapine, quetiapine, risperidone, aripiprazole, and clozapine—and the antiepileptic carbamazepine together with their metabolites: N-demethyl olanzapine, norquetiapine, 9-OH-risperidone, dehydroaripiprazole, N-desmethylclozapine, and carbamazepine-10,11 epoxide. Chlordiazepoxide was used as the internal standard. Strata-X-C columns were used for isolation of the compounds. Chromatographic analysis was carried out using UHPLC with a diode array detector (DAD). A mixture of acetonitrile and water with the addition of formic acid and 0.1% triethylamine was used as the mobile phase. The developed method was validated by determining the linearity for all analytes in the range 10–1000 ng/mL and the value of R2 > 0.99. Intra- and inter-day precision were also determined, and the relative standard deviation (RSD) value in both cases did not exceed 15%. To determine the usefulness of the developed method, saliva samples were collected from 40 people of both sexes treated with the tested active substances both in monotherapy and in polypragmasy. In all cases, the active substances tested were identified.

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