scholarly journals Molecular Study of Escherichia albertii in Pediatric Urinary Tract Infections

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 139-144
Author(s):  
Maysaa El Sayed Zaki ◽  
Abd ElRahman Eid ◽  
Samah Sabry El-Kazzaz ◽  
Amr Mohamed El-Sabbagh

Background: There are insufficient data about the presence of E. albertii as a causative organism in urinary tract infection in pediatric patients. Objective: The present study aimed to detect E. albertii by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for detection of uidA, mdh, and lysP genes among isolated E.coli from children with urinary tract infection. Methods: The present study was a cross-sectional retrograde study which was carried out on 100 isolates of phenotypically confirmed E.coli detected in urine samples of children suffering from urinary tract infection. The isolates were subjected to molecular identification by PCR for uidA, mdh, and lysP genes. Results: E. albertii was identified by PCR in 7% of the isolates and E.coli was identified in 93% of the isolates. Two mdh and lysP genes were detected for E. albertii and the uidA gene for E. coli. E. albertii isolates had marked resistance to gentamicin (71.4%), followed by resistance to ciprofloxacin (57.1%), meropenem and imipenem (42.9% each) and ESBL activity by double discs method was reported in 57.1% of the isolates. However, none of the isolates had shown resistance to nalidixic acid and only one isolate had resistance to norfloxacin. There was a statistically insignificant difference between resistance to the used antibiotics such as aztreonam (P=0.083), ampicillin/clavulanate (P=0.5), ciprofloxacin (P=0.69), gentamicin (P=0.3) and ceftazidime (P=1.00). Conclusion: The present study highlights the emergence of E. albertii as a pathogen associated with urinary tract infections in children. There is marked antibiotic resistance of this pathogen, especially toward extended spectrum beta-lactams antibiotics. The identification method depends mainly on genetic studies. Further longitudinal studies with large number of patients are required to verify the accurate prevalence of this bacterium.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Gerald Turyatunga

Background: A urinary tract infection (UTIs) is a common type of infection caused by bacteria that travel up the urethra to the bladder. Globally, it is reported that 150 million people are diagnosed with a UTI annually, costing the world economy over 6 million US dollars in treatment and work loss. Studies conducted in the in-patients pediatric ward of Muhimbili Hospital in Tanzania and Mulago National Referral Hospital in Uganda between five to ten years reported the prevalence of UTI to be 16.8% and 14.6% respectively. On average at Kam Medical Consult Clinic, patients who turn up in the laboratory are about 20%, and 50% of patients present with recurring UTIs clinically. Therefore,  there is a need to establish and investigate the prevalence of bacterial pathogens associated with UTI and multiple pathogens that are not known. Methodology: The cross-sectional study was carried out at Kam medical consult clinic (KMCC) located in Kafeero zone Mulago II Kawempe division. The study population was adults and children presenting with symptoms of urinary tract infection. 120 Midstream urine Samples were collected from patients presenting clinical signs of UTI. The diagnosis was done through macroscopy dry chemistry, microscopy, and culture. Results Among the sampled population, 33% of males had urinary tract infections while 67% of females had urinary tract infections.  88.5% were outpatients while 11.5 % were in-patients The overall prevalence of UTI among patients was 63.3% with children aged (1-10) having a prevalence of 5.8 %. Conclusion and recommendation: E.coli is an etiological agent causing UTIs in male and female patients presenting UTI at Kam Medical Consult Clinic. Other etiological agents included Klebsiella, Coliform, Enterococcus species, staphylococcus aureus, pseudomonas species, and candida species. There is a need to monitor the profile of etiological bacteria of UTI through culture and sensitivity regularly. 


2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 522-526
Author(s):  
Bhavani Shankar Rokkam ◽  
Chowdary Babu Menni ◽  
Ramu Pedada ◽  
Deepak Kumar Alikana

BACKGROUND Urinary tract infections (UTI) constitute a common cause of morbidity in infants and children. When associated with abnormalities of urinary tract, they may lead to long-term complications including renal scarring, loss of function and hypertension. Most urinary tract infections remain undiagnosed if investigations are not routinely performed to detect them. Prompt detection and treatment of urinary tract infections and any complicating factors are important. The objective of the study is to know the clinical, epidemiological and bacteriological profile (i.e. clinical signs and symptoms, age, sex, family history, associated urinary tract abnormalities, & causative organisms) of urinary tract infections in febrile children with culture positive urinary tract infection. METHODS This descriptive, cross sectional observational study was conducted at outpatient clinics of our “child health clinics” between May 2016 and April 2017 (one year). All children aged 0 to 12 years with culture positive urinary tract infections were included in this study to evaluate the clinical, epidemiological and bacteriological profile. RESULTS A total of 69 children with culture positive urinary tract infections were included in this study. Out of 69 children included in this study, 36 (52.2 %) were females and 33 (47.8 %) were males. Overall female preponderance was seen and the M: F ratio was 0.9:1. But during first year of life in our study group we had more boys (10, 14.49 %) affected with urinary tract infection than girls. 49.3 % of urinary tract infections in the present study belonged to lower socio-economic status. Most common organism causing urinary tract infection in our group was E. coli (56.5 %). Fever (100 %), anorexia or refusal of feeds (52.2 %), dysuria (46.4 %), vomiting (46.4 %) and abdominal pain (39.1 %) were the predominant clinical manifestations observed in our study. CONCLUSIONS Urinary tract infection is a common medical problem in children and it should be considered as a potential cause of fever in children. As febrile children with urinary tract infection usually present with non-specific signs and symptoms, urine culture should be considered as a part of diagnostic evaluation. KEYWORDS Urinary Tract Infections (UTI), Febrile Children, Bacteriological Profile, Urine Culture


2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (221) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arun Giri ◽  
Raju Kafle ◽  
Ganesh Kumar` Singh ◽  
Niraj Niraula

Introduction: Urinary tract infection is one of the commonest causes of childhood morbidity. Earlydiagnosis and appropriate choice of antimicrobials is essential. Hence, this study aims to identify theprevalence of Escherichia coli in childhood urinary tract infections. Methods: This was a hospital based descriptive cross-sectional study conducted in Nobel MedicalCollege, Biratnagar over a period of one year. A total of 163 cases aged 1-15 years were included andclinical profile, laboratory reports including bacterial isolates in urine cultures and their sensitivitypatterns were documented. Results: The prevalence of Escherichia coli is 45 (53.57%) C.I. Escherichia coli was the most commonorganism isolated in bacterial cultures followed by Klebsiella 12 (14.29%), Enterococcus 10 (11.90%).Urinary tract infection was common among females with male: female ratio of 1:2.3. Fever 152(93.2%) and abdominal pain 113 (69.3%) were the most common presenting symptoms. Escherichiacoli was found most sensitive to Nitrofurantoin 43 (95.5%) followed by Ciprofloxacin 41 (91.1%) andAmikacin 40 (88.8%). Conclusions: Urinary tract infections in childhood require prompt attention and treatment to preventsignificant morbidity and mortality. From this study it can be concluded that Escherichia coli is oneof the most common isolates in urine culture and Aminoglycosides and Fluoroquinolones can beaccepted as empirical treatment regimens for childhood Urinary tract infections.


2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-137
Author(s):  
Putra Rahmadea Utami

 Urinary tract infection (UTI) is the second largest infection after respiratory infection and can cause sepsis. Urinary tract infections occur due to the entry of microorganisms in the urinary tract. The urinary tract that is usually infected is the urethra (urethritis), bladder (cystisis), ureter (ureteristis), kidney tissue (pyelonephritis). This study aims to determine the sensitivity and specificity of the diagnostic test of nitrite examination with urine culture in suspected urinary tract infections. The method of this study is a descriptive-analytical study with a cross-sectional retrospective approach, conducted in the STIKes field laboratory with the population studied in this study were all patients diagnosed with urinary tract infection with a sample size of 50 samples. The results of this study showed positive nitrite results as many as 17 people, 34% percentage, and negative nitrite results as many as 33 people with a percentage of 66% and on urine culture examination obtained positive results as many as 17 people with a percentage of 34%, which results in growth of bacterial colonies on cultures> 100,000 CFU / mL and negative results of 33 people with a percentage of 66%. Sensitivity Results 82%, Specificity 90.9%. The conclusion of this study is the value of sensitivity, high specificity so that the nitrite test with urine culture can be applied to help diagnose UTI.


Author(s):  
Rana M. Abdullah Al-Shwaikh ◽  
Abbas Falih Alornaaouti

       Current study obtained (75) isolate of Pseudomonas aeruginosa collected from different cases included : 28 isolates from otitis media, 23 isolates from burn infections, 10 isolates from wound infections, 8 isolates from urinary tract infections and 6 isolates from blood, during the period between 1/9/2014 to 1/11/2014        The result revealed that the tox A gene was present in 54 isolates (72%) of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The gel electrophoresis showed that the molecular weight of tox A gene was 352 bp. The result shows 17 isolates (60.71%) from otitis media has tox A gene, 18 isolates (78.26%) from burn followed by 8 isolate (80%) from wound infection and 5 isolates (62.5%) from urinary tract infection , finally 6 isolates (100%) from blood have this gene.


2018 ◽  
pp. 100-108
Author(s):  
Dinh Khanh Le ◽  
Dinh Dam Le ◽  
Khoa Hung Nguyen ◽  
Xuan My Nguyen ◽  
Minh Nhat Vo ◽  
...  

Objectives: To investigate clinical characteristics, bacterial characteristics, drug resistance status in patients with urinary tract infections treated at Department of Urology, Hue University Hospital. Materials and Method: The study was conducted in 474 patients with urological disease treated at Department of Urology, Hue Universiry Hospital from July 2017 to April 2018. Urine culture was done in the patients with urine > 25 Leu/ul who have symptoms of urinary tract disease or infection symptoms. Patients with positive urine cultures were analyzed for clinical and bacterial characteristics. Results: 187/474 (39.5%) patients had symptoms associated with urinary tract infections. 85/474 (17.9%) patients were diagnosed with urinary tract infection. The positive urine culture rate was 45.5%. Symptoms of UTI were varied, and no prominent symptoms. E. coli accounts for the highest proportion (46.67%), followed by, Staphycoccus aureus (10.67%), Pseudomonas aeruginsa (8,0%), Streptococcus faecali and Proteus (2.67%). ESBL - producing E. coli was 69.23%, ESBL producing Enterobacter spp was 33.33%. Gram-negative bacteria are susceptible to meropenem, imipenem, amikacin while gram positive are vancomycin-sensitive. Conclusions: Clinical manifestations of urinary tract infections varied and its typical symptoms are unclear. E.coli is a common bacterium (46.67%). Isolated bacteria have a high rate of resistance to some common antibiotics especially the third generation cephalosporins and quinolones. Most bacteria are resistant to multiple antibiotics at the same time. Gram (+) bacteria are susceptible to vancomycin, and gram (-) bacteria are susceptible to cefoxitin, amikacin, and carbapenem. Key words: urinary tract infection


2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (8) ◽  
pp. 998-1001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taniece Eure ◽  
Lisa L. LaPlace ◽  
Richard Melchreit ◽  
Meghan Maloney ◽  
Ruth Lynfield ◽  
...  

We assessed the appropriateness of initiating antibiotics in 49 nursing home (NH) residents receiving antibiotics for urinary tract infection (UTI) using 3 published algorithms. Overall, 16 residents (32%) received prophylaxis, and among the 33 receiving treatment, the percentage of appropriate use ranged from 15% to 45%. Opportunities exist for improving UTI antibiotic prescribing in NH.Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2017;38:998–1001


PEDIATRICS ◽  
1972 ◽  
Vol 50 (6) ◽  
pp. 975-975
Author(s):  
James Kennedy Todd

The recent paper by Cohen in the August issue of Pediatisics relies on the use of "one or more cultures of over 100,000 organisms per millimeter of urine" to make the diagnosis of urinary tract infections upon which the remainder of the study is dependent. Obviously, the colony count was intended to read "per milliliter," and yet the results of the study must be seriously questioned since the criterion for diagnosis of urinary tract infection was not rigid enough to exclude a large number of false-positives— patients who never really had urinary tract infections.


PEDIATRICS ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 80 (5) ◽  
pp. 764-764
Author(s):  
THOMAS E. WISWELL

In Reply.— Dr Altschul presents data on urinary tract infections during infancy and reports infection rates substantially lower than those we have previously reported.1,2 He then makes several conclusions based on these differences. His data indicate that the maximum infection rates would be 0.11% among girls and 0.02% and 0.12% among circumcised and uncircumcised boys, respectively. In contrast, from a population of 422,328 infants, we found the overall incidence of symptomatic urinary tract infection during the first year of life to be 0.57% in girls, 0.11% in circumcised boys, and 1.12% in uncircumcised boys.


2014 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 364 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Bispo ◽  
Milene Fernandes ◽  
Cristina Toscano ◽  
Teresa Marques ◽  
Domingos Machado ◽  
...  

<strong>Introduction:</strong> Urinary tract infection is the most common infectious complication following renal transplantation and its frequency is insufficiently studied in Portugal. The aim of this study was to characterize the incidence of urinary tract infections and recurrent urinary tract infections in renal transplant recipients.<br /><strong>Material and Methods:</strong> This was a retrospective cohort observational study, obtained from clinical files of all patients who received a renal transplant at the Hospital of Santa Cruz, from January 2004 to December 2005, with a mean follow-up period of five years or until date of graft loss, death or loss of follow-up. After a descriptive analysis of the population, we used bivariate tests to identify risk factors for urinary tract infections.<br /><strong>Results:</strong> A total of 127 patients were included, with a 593 patients.year follow-up. We detected 53 patients (41.7%) presenting with at least one episode of urinary tract infection; 21 patients (16.5%) had recurrent urinary tract infection. Female gender was the only risk factor associated with the occurrence of urinary tract infections (p &lt; 0.001, OR = 7.08, RR = 2.95) and recurrent urinary tract infections (p &lt; 0.001, OR = 4.66, RR = 2.83). Escherichia coli (51.6%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (15.5%) and Enterobacter spp (9.9%) were the<br />most frequently identified pathogens. Patients did not reveal an increased mortality or allograft loss. However, urinary tract infections were the most important cause of hospital admissions.<br /><strong>Discussion:</strong> Female gender was the only risk factor for urinary tract infections in this population. Escherichia coli was the most frequent agent isolated.<br /><strong>Conclusion:</strong> Despite preventive measures, urinary tract infections remain an important cause of morbidity and hospital admissions.<br /><strong>Keywords:</strong> Urinary Tract Infections; Postoperative Complications; Risk Factors; Kidney Transplantation; Portugal.


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