scholarly journals Assessing Spatial Working Memory Using the Spontaneous Alternation Y-maze Test in Aged Male Mice

BIO-PROTOCOL ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily Prieur ◽  
Nafisa Jadavji
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Spontaneous Alternation ◽  
Spatial Working Memory ◽  
Male Mice ◽  
Maze Test ◽  
Y Maze

scholarly journals THE OFFSPRING OF MOTHERS HARBORING APP/PS1 MUTATIONS PRESENTS EARLY CHANGES IN BRAIN METABOLISM AND MEMORY

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pamela Ferreira ◽  
Andreia Rocha ◽  
Vanessa Ramos ◽  
Bruna Bellaver ◽  
Carolina Soares ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Spontaneous Alternation ◽  
Brain Metabolism ◽  
Spatial Working Memory ◽  
Rodent Models ◽  
Brain Glucose ◽  
Brain Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Maze Test ◽  
Y Maze ◽  
History Of

Background: Previous studies suggested that individuals with a maternal history of Alzheimer’s Disease(AD) are at higher risk of developing AD than individuals with a paternal history of AD. One could suggest that intra-uterine interactions might be responsible for elevating this risk. In this context, AD rodent models are highly suited for improving our understanding of this matter since animals reach adulthood in a few months. Objective: Here, we aimed at investigating changes in memory-related processes and brain metabolism on the offspring born to transgenic mothers harboring human APP/PS1 mutations. Methods: Rats born to F344-AD(Tg-AD) and WT mothers were evaluated in two different time-points: ~5.5, and ~9.5 months. Y-maze test was used to evaluate spatial working memory and micro-PET [18F]FDG was used to assess brain glucose metabolism. Results: Y-maze test demonstrated that rats born to transgenic mothers presented memory disturbances, indexed by spontaneous alternation, at ~5.5 months and ~9.5 months (figure 1A), while rats born to WT mothers and Tg-AD fathers exhibited a decline in spontaneous alternation only at ~9.5 months. rats born to AD-Tg mothers present brain glucose hypermetabolism at ~9,5 months. Conclusion: Our findings demonstrate that rats born to AD-Tg mothers harboring APP/PS1 mutations present cognitive decline and brain glucose metabolism abnormalities earlier than those born to WT mothers. Further studies are needed to understand the biological basis behind this phenomenon.

scholarly journals Apparatus design and behavioural testing protocol for the evaluation of spatial working memory in mice through the spontaneous alternation T-maze

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Raffaele d’Isa ◽  
Giancarlo Comi ◽  
Letizia Leocani
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Spontaneous Alternation ◽  
Spatial Working Memory ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Optimal Test ◽  
Time Saving ◽  
Cognitive Evaluation ◽  
Maze Test ◽  
Natural Tendency ◽  
Left And Right

AbstractSpatial working memory can be assessed in mice through the spontaneous alternation T-maze test. The T-maze is a T-shaped apparatus featuring a stem (start arm) and two lateral goal arms (left and right arms). The procedure is based on the natural tendency of rodents to prefer exploring a novel arm over a familiar one, which induces them to alternate the choice of the goal arm across repeated trials. During the task, in order to successfully alternate choices across trials, an animal has to remember which arm had been visited in the previous trial, which makes spontaneous alternation T-maze an optimal test for spatial working memory. As this test relies on a spontaneous behaviour and does not require rewards, punishments or pre-training, it represents a particularly useful tool for cognitive evaluation, both time-saving and animal-friendly. We describe here in detail the apparatus and the protocol, providing representative results on wild-type healthy mice.

scholarly journals High-Fat Diet Enhances Working Memory in the Y-Maze Test in Male C57BL/6J Mice with Less Anxiety in the Elevated Plus Maze Test

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 2036 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaichi Yoshizaki ◽  
Masato Asai ◽  
Taichi Hara
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Elevated Plus Maze ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Behavioral Traits ◽  
Elevated Plus Maze Test ◽  
Maze Test ◽  
Y Maze ◽  
Plus Maze

Obesity is characterized by massive adipose tissue accumulation and is associated with psychiatric disorders and cognitive impairment in human and animal models. However, it is unclear whether high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity presents a risk of psychiatric disorders and cognitive impairment. To examine this question, we conducted systematic behavioral analyses in C57BL/6J mice (male, 8-week-old) fed an HFD for 7 weeks. C57BL/6J mice fed an HFD showed significantly increased body weight, hyperlocomotion in the open-field test (OFT) and Y-maze test (YMZT), and impaired sucrose preference in the sucrose consumption test, compared to mice fed a normal diet. Neither body weight nor body weight gain was associated with any of the behavioral traits we examined. Working memory, as assessed by the YMZT, and anxiety-like behavior, as assessed by the elevated plus maze test (EPMT), were significantly correlated with mice fed an HFD, although these behavioral traits did not affect the entire group. These results suggest that HFD-induced obesity does not induce neuropsychiatric symptoms in C57BL/6J mice. Rather, HFD improved working memory in C57BL/6J mice with less anxiety, indicating that an HFD might be beneficial under limited conditions. Correlation analysis of individual traits is a useful tool to determine those conditions.

scholarly journals High‐Fat and High‐Sucrose Diets Impair Time‐of‐Day Differences in Spatial Working Memory of Male Mice

Obesity ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (12) ◽  
pp. 2347-2356
Author(s):  
Jennifer A. Davis ◽  
Jodi R. Paul ◽  
Laura J. McMeekin ◽  
Shelly R. Nason ◽  
Jessica P. Antipenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Spatial Working Memory ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
Male Mice ◽  
High Fat ◽  
High Sucrose

scholarly journals Ziziphus jujuba (Rhamnaceae) Alleviates Working Memory Impairment and Restores Neurochemical Alterations in the Prefrontal Cortex of D-Galactose-Treated Rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Antoine K. Kandeda ◽  
Danide Nguedia ◽  
Espoir R. Ayissi ◽  
Jonas Kouamouo ◽  
Théophile Dimo
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Spontaneous Alternation ◽  
Memory Impairment ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Novel Object ◽  
Y Maze ◽  
Ziziphus Jujuba

Alzheimer’s disease is a progressive cognitive dysfunction. However, pharmacological treatments are symptomatic and have many side effects, opening the opportunity to alternative medicine. This study investigated the antiamnesic effect of the aqueous extract of Ziziphus jujuba on D-galactose-induced working memory impairment in rats. Impairment of working memory was induced by subcutaneous (s.c.) injection of D-galactose (350 mg/kg/day) to rats for 21 days. These animals were then subjected to object recognition and Y-maze tests. Rats with confirmed memory impairment were treated per os (p.o.) with tacrine (10 mg/kg), aspirin (20 mg/kg, p.o.), extract (41.5, 83, and 166 mg/kg, p.o.), and distilled water (10 mL/kg, p.o.) daily for 14 days. At the end of the treatments, alteration in working memory was assessed using the above paradigms. Afterward, these animals were euthanized, and cholinergic, proinflammatory, and neuronal damage markers were analyzed in the prefrontal cortex. Rats administered D-galactose and treated with distilled water had impaired working memory (evidenced by decreased time spent on the novel object and discrimination index) and decreased spontaneous alternation in the Y-maze. D-galactose also decreased the levels of acetylcholinesterase and acetylcholine and increased the level of glial fibrillary acidic protein, ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β), interleukin 6 (IL-6), and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ). Treatment with the extract (166 mg/kg) reversed the time spent on the novel object and the discrimination index. It equally increased the percentage of spontaneous alternation. Neurochemical analysis revealed that the extract markedly alleviated acetylcholinesterase activity and neuroinflammation. These observations were corroborated by the reduction in neuronal loss. Taken together, these results suggest that Ziziphus jujuba aqueous extract possesses an antiamnesic effect. This effect seems to involve cholinergic and anti-inflammatory modulations. This, therefore, claims using this plant in the treatment of dementia in Cameroon subject to further studies and trials.

Effect of low frequency stimulation on impaired spontaneous alternation behavior of kindled rats in Y-maze test

2016 ◽  
Vol 126 ◽  
pp. 37-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samireh Ghafouri ◽  
Yaghoub Fathollahi ◽  
Mohammad Javan ◽  
Amir Shojaei ◽  
Azam Asgari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spontaneous Alternation ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Alternation Behavior ◽  
Spontaneous Alternation Behavior ◽  
Maze Test ◽  
Low Frequency Stimulation ◽  
Y Maze ◽  
Frequency Stimulation

Protective effect of curcumin on diazepam-induced behavioral changes and oxidative stress in rats

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. s286-s286
Author(s):  
A. Sevastre-Berghian ◽  
V. Făgărăşăn ◽  
N. Decea ◽  
R. Moldovan ◽  
B. Sevastre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Working Memory ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Spatial Working Memory ◽  
Vehicle Group ◽  
Behavioral Tests ◽  
Ambulatory Activity ◽  
Group I ◽  
Y Maze ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

IntroductionCurcumin (CUR), a polyphenolic compound, extracted from Curcuma longa, is known for its neuroprotective, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects.ObjectivesTo evaluate the effect of CUR on ambulatory activity, spatial working memory and on oxidative stress in rats induced by Diazepam (DZP) administration.AimsTo analyze whether CUR may improve the cognitive performance and offer systemic protection from oxidative stress.MethodsThe effect of CUR on DZP-induced memory impairment and oxidative stress was studied on Wistar rats. Group I received a vehicle, group II – vehicle and CUR, group III – vehicle and DZP, group IV – vehicle, CUR and DZP. CUR (150 mg/kg bw) and vehicle were orally administered for five weeks long. DZP (2 mg/kg bw) was administered i.p. 20 minutes before the behavioral tests. Behavioral tests, i.e. Open Field and Y Maze Test, were performed. Malondialdehyde and reduced glutathione/oxidized glutathione ratio were determined in the serum and brain tissue homogenate. Hippocampal sections were histologically assessed. The data were statistically analyzed by one-way ANOVA, followed by Dunns post-test.ResultsDZP decreased (P < 0.01) the number of spontaneous alternations, as compared to control group, thus suggesting an impairment of spatial working memory. Behavioral tests revealed no enhancing effect of CUR on spontaneous alternation behaviors in Y Maze. CUR reversed (P < 0.01) the inhibitory effect of diazepam (P < 0.05) on the ambulatory activity in OFT and decreased the lipid peroxidation in the serum (P < 0.05).ConclusionsThe results show that CUR may offer systemic protection from oxidative stress, thus improving the cognitive performance.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

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