scholarly journals Influence of Microwave Radiation on Whiskey Distillate Quality Indicators

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 1701-1713
Author(s):  
Dmitry M. Borodulin

The paper aims to evaluate the quality indicators of the whiskey distillate during its maturation under the influence of microwave radiation based on the method of multiple regression analysis to determine the optimal technological parameters for its production. In the course of solving the problem of product import substitution, we tested the patented technology for producing strong alcoholic beverages at the stage of their aging, using oak chips with various degrees of heat treatment. One of the promising areas for intensifying the process of whiskey distillate maturation is applying “green technologies”, with microwave heating being one of them. Positive results were obtained for the effect of microwave radiation on the process of target component extraction from oak chips with a water-alcohol solution. The duration of this extraction process was reduced by more than 2 times, which confirmed its intensity in relation to the classical method. The obtained regression models proved adequate, since the mean relative error varied within 10%. The chromatographic analysis of the whiskey produced at the optimal technological parameters showed that all physical and chemical properties and product safety meet the requirements of the applicable regulations and standards.

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 00016
Author(s):  
Alexander M. Petrov ◽  
Sergey A. Ivanayskiy ◽  
Mikhail A. Kanaev ◽  
Oleg M. Parfyonov ◽  
Maxim S. Ivanayskiy

The aim of the research is to improve soil tillage quality using combined working bodies in surface cultivation. There are various designs of combined tillage units including passive cultivators and active rotor-tooth working bodies cultivating land. However, an analysis of design and technological parameters of modern cultivators shows that they have a cumbersome design, required much metal and their quality indicators do not meet soil cultivation requirements. The article presents results of the studies on the influence of geometric and technological parameters of an additional battery of needle discs on land tillage quality. Using the research results, the land tillage has been improved and combined working bodies have been developed.


2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irena Brčić Karačonji ◽  
Sonja Anić Jurica ◽  
Dario Lasić ◽  
Karlo Jurica

AbstractPhthalates are esters of phthalic acid and aliphatic alcohol added to plastic to improve its softness, flexibility, and extensibility. They easily migrate from plastic products into the environment because of their physical and chemical properties. This review summarises their characteristics, distribution in the environment, monitoring, use, toxic effects on human health, regulatory limits in different matrices and products, and tolerable daily intake. The studies we have reviewed suggest that phthalates have a potential to affect reproduction and development in humans. Due to the inconsistent data, further studies are needed and, in the meantime, precautionary policies must be implemented. Here we draw attention to the methods of determining phthalate levels in alcoholic beverages and reported levels in plum spirits produced in Croatia. Legally produced and moderately consumed plum spirits do not seem to increase the risk of phthalate toxicity for human health. We conclude with recommendations for the effective monitoring of phthalate exposure in humans and for the implementation of alternative materials in alcohol production.


In article the possibility of receiving the metallized concentrates from ferriferous ores with the low content of iron, for the purpose of preparation them to metallurgical processing is considered. It is shown that the following factors have significant effect on effectiveness of process of receiving the metallized concentrates: composition of ore, physical and chemical properties of ore, possibility of receiving pellets, type and consumption of reducer, etc.


2019 ◽  
Vol 57 ◽  
pp. 159-164
Author(s):  
N. V. Isichenko ◽  
V. M. Litvin ◽  
G. I. Babayeva ◽  
B. T. Stegniy ◽  
O. V. Dmitriyeva ◽  
...  

The purpose of the research is to investigate the ability to heat the parthenogenesis of new breeds silkworm T–1, T–2, D–1 silkworm breeds and to establish the reproductive, biological and technological parameters of the T–1clone, T–2clone and D–1clone created on their basis. Materials and methods of research. The research was conducted on the basis of the laboratory of silkworm and technical entomology of the National Scientific Center "Institute of Experimental and Clinical Veterinary Medicine" during 2016–2018. For the study of the ability of new breeds of silkworm D–1, T–1, T–2 to the thermal parthenogenesis, the females of the aforementioned silkworms were used. Activation of the gravel to ameiotic parthenogenesis (complete thermal pathogenesis) was carried out using the method B. L. Astaurov The reproductive parameters of parthenoclon were studied: the ability to parthenogenesis (%), the total number of eggs (pieces), the weight of one egg (mg), the output of caterpillars from eggs (%). The economic-valuable and technological indicators of the created clones were investigated: viability of caterpillars (%), cocoon yields of 1 g of caterpillars (kg), silkworm cocoons (%), cocoon mass (g), length of filaments (m), length of continuous- unwound thread (m), raw silk output (%). The main results obtained. It is established that the new clones of silkworm silk created by the ability to parthenogenesis are at the control level. In terms of the viability of caterpillars in 2018, they are somewhat inferior to Ukr.28, but according to the results of three years of research, this indicator is at a level, and T–2clone even exceeds control by 4.84% (p < 0,05). Similar results are obtained on the basis of the weight of the cocoon. By the cocoon yield, the new Parthenoclon exceeds control in 2018 by an average of 0.44 kg and for three years of research – by 0.50 kg. The indicator of silk worminess of cocoons in T–1clones and D–1clones was at the level of the indicator Ukr.28clones, at T–2clone – was higher than the parameters of part-clones and control at 0.83–2.73%. The length of the thread, the length of the continuously unwound yarn and the output of raw silk is dominated by T–2clone – its values exceed the similar indicators of T–1clone and D–1clone, dominated by control indicators – Ukr.28clones. Thus, the new clones of silkworm, adapted to the changed climate in Ukraine, were introduced and evaluated. They can be components for the creation of new clone-breed hybrids with high biological and technological performance. The stands of silkworm hybrids will provide domestic branches of production of organic raw materials for the production of modern products. This will allow import substitution of organic goods for everyday use to our country's inhabitants. Domestic production of organic products in the form of clothing, medical and cosmetic products will provide the work of thousands of compatriots and reduce the cost of goods in comparison with imported ones. Prospects for further scientific research are the creation of new clone-breed hybrids with high biological and technological indices for Ukraine. Conclusions. 1. Three new high-yield silkworm clones with the optimal combination of silk productivity and ability to ameiotic parthenogenesis, characterized by the following biological indices, are derived: T–1clone – caterpillar livelihood 84.13%, cocoon yield 3.76 kg, cocoon mass 2.30 g, silkiness 21.62%; T–2clone – caterpillars' survivability 88.94%, cocoon yield 4.23 kg, cocoon mass 2.53 g, silicone 24.25%; D–1clone. – The viability of the caterpillars is 85.52%, the cocoons are 4.08 kg, the cocoon mass is 2.41 g, and the silicone content is 21.62%. The estimation of reproductive indices of created T–1clone, T–2clone and D–1clone clones was made and their ability to heat parthenogenesis was determined. The highest ability to ameiotic parthenogenesis has D–1clone – 72.73%. Parthenoclones T–1clone, T–2clone and D–1clone for reproductive characteristics are at the level of the control clone Ukr.28clones and are promising for clone- breed hybridization. The technological parameters of the new clones are established: the T–2clone is the leader in the length of the filament (1432m), the length of the continuous unwound yarn (734 m) and the output of raw silk (46.3%) – its parameters exceed the similar indicators in T–1clone and D–1clone at 2.5% and prevail over control indicators – Ukr.28clones – by 5.5%.


2009 ◽  
Vol 72 (8) ◽  
pp. 1671-1676 ◽  
Author(s):  
SONIA BAIXAS-NOGUERAS ◽  
SARA BOVER-CID ◽  
M. TERESA VECIANA-NOGUÉS ◽  
M. CARMEN VIDAL-CAROU

The effect of gutting on sensory, microbiological, and chemical properties of European hake (Merluccius merluccius var. mediterraneus) stored in ice was studied. Gutting of hake noticeably affected the development of gram-negative bacteria: counts of Enterobacteriaceae, Shewanella putrefaciens, and Pseudomonas throughout ice storage were higher in gutted than in ungutted samples. These differences in microbial loads were also reflected in the lower sensory scores of both raw and cooked hake, in the quicker trimethylamine accumulation, and in the higher contents of putrescine, cadaverine, tyramine, and histamine found in gutted hake. All of the fish quality indicators studied showed that gutting made hake more susceptible to spoilage during ice storage and decreased its shelf life by 4 days.


2008 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 573-609 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Heap

Southern Nigerians developed a habit for drinking potent distilled liquor during the 19th century. Such alcoholic beverages were manufactured in Europe and exported to the British colony of Nigeria. Nigerians did not know how to distil alcohol themselves. In the 1930s, however, the technology of alcohol distillation swept the colony, as Nigerians made drinks comparable to imported spirits: ogogoro. Ogogoro made serious headway against the long-standing imported liquor trade. The article reconstructs the extensive small-scale indigenous business of distilling. A sugar index measures the scale of the industry. Distillers succeeded in supplying the local market thirsty for strong drink with a potent, cheap product. For the colonialists, such import substitution proved problematic, as an untaxed, unlicensed product displaced a revenue-earning, highly regulated, legal trade. Condemning the locally distilled liquor as illicit gin, they battled distillers with instruments of the colonial state: by propaganda, through the courts and with police raids.


2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Ivan A. Levitskii ◽  
Svetlana E. Baranceva ◽  
Anna I. Pozniak

The results of researches on the increase of mechanical strength of ceramic tiles for interior wall facing on the stages of pressing and drying with the aim of decreasing their material capacity are given in the article. It is shown that introducing of aluminoborosilikate fiberglass in the raw composition insure increasing of mechanical strength of semifinished tiles on the stages of pressing and drying and optimization of technological parameters of preparation of powder and getting of ceramic tiles cause the maximum density of pressing. It is established that introduction of natural basalt promotes increase of mechanical strength at the bend of tiles after firing that provides possibility of reduction of products thickness at saving of a complexity of demanded physical and chemical properties.


2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 1449-1455 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Na Jung ◽  
Smee Kang ◽  
Bo Hyun Lee ◽  
Joo Hyoun Kim ◽  
Jungil Hong

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