scholarly journals Comparing Short Dental Implants to Standard Dental Implants: Protocol for a Systematic Review (Preprint)

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amir Reza Rokn ◽  
Abbasali Keshtkar ◽  
Abbas Monzavi ◽  
Kazem Hashemi ◽  
Tahereh Bitaraf
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Dental Implants ◽  
Effect Size ◽  
Group Analysis ◽  
Mean Difference ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Cochrane Central Register ◽  
Standardized Mean Difference

BACKGROUND Short dental implants have been proposed as a simpler, cheaper, and faster alternative for the rehabilitation of atrophic edentulous areas to avoid the disadvantages of surgical techniques for increasing bone volume. OBJECTIVE This review will compare short implants (4 to 8 mm) to standard implants (larger than 8 mm) in edentulous jaws, evaluating on the basis of marginal bone loss (MBL), survival rate, complications, and prosthesis failure. METHODS We will electronically search for randomized controlled trials comparing short dental implants to standard dental implants in the following databases: PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, Scopus, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and ClinicalTrials.gov with English language restrictions. We will manually search the reference lists of relevant reviews and the included articles in this review. The following journals will also be searched: European Journal of Oral Implantology, Clinical Oral Implants Research, and Clinical Implant Dentistry and Related Research. Two reviewers will independently perform the study selection, data extraction and quality assessment (using the Cochrane Collaboration tool) of included studies. All meta-analysis procedures including appropriate effect size combination, sub-group analysis, meta-regression, assessing publication or reporting bias will be performed using Stata (Statacorp, TEXAS) version 12.1. RESULTS Short implant effectiveness will be assessed using the mean difference of MBL in terms of weighted mean difference (WMD) and standardized mean difference (SMD) using Cohen’s method. The combined effect size measures in addition to the related 95% confidence intervals will be estimated by a fixed effect model. The heterogeneity of the related effect size will be assessed using a Q Cochrane test and I2 measure. The MBL will be presented by a standardized mean difference with a 95% confidence interval. The survival rate of implants, prostheses failures, and complications will be reported using a risk ratio at 95% confidence interval (P<.05). CONCLUSIONS The present protocol illustrates an appropriate method to perform the systematic review and ensures transparency for the completed review. The results will be published in a peer-reviewed journal and social networks. In addition, an ethics approval is not considered necessary. CLINICALTRIAL PROSPERO registration number: CRD42016048363; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/ display_record.asp?ID=CRD42016048363 (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/6wZ7Fntry)

Teledentistry and mHealth for Promotion and Prevention of Oral Health: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 002203452110038
Author(s):  
C.E. Fernández ◽  
C.A. Maturana ◽  
S.I. Coloma ◽  
A. Carrasco-Labra ◽  
R.A. Giacaman
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trials ◽  
Communication Systems ◽  
Text Messages ◽  
Mean Difference ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Large Reduction ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Standardized Mean Difference

The dental profession has experienced a dramatic acceleration in the use of communication systems and information-based technologies over recent years, originating new paradigms for the prevention and promotion of oral health. The purpose of this systematic review was to determine the effect of teledentistry-based (telematic) strategies, reported in randomized controlled trials and quasi-randomized trials, with a focus on oral health prevention and promotion–related outcomes in patients of all ages. We searched Medline via PubMed, SCOPUS, and Web of Science from inception until August 2020, regardless of the language of publication. We selected studies for inclusion and conducted data extraction, assessed risk of bias (Cochrane tool), and evaluated the certainty of the evidence (GRADE approach) in duplicate and independently. Out of 898 potentially eligible references, we selected 43 for full-text screening, of which 19 studies proved eligible: 18 randomized controlled trials and 1 quasi-randomized study. Virtual interventions were mostly asynchronous via apps ( n = 9), text messages ( n = 9), or computer-aided learning ( n = 1). The use of teledentistry as compared with conventional strategies may result in a large reduction in the plaque index (standardized mean difference, −1.18; 95% CI, −1.54 to −0.82; I2 = 92%; low certainty) and will likely result in a large reduction in the gingival index (standardized mean difference, −2.17; 95% CI, −3.15 to −1.19; I2 = 97%; moderate certainty) and in the incidence of white spot lesions (risk ratio, 0.48; 95% CI, 0.35 to 0.66; I2 = 0%; moderate certainty), with an increased effect over time. Evidence suggests that teledentistry, particularly mHealth (messages and apps), is a promising clinical tool for preventing and promoting oral health, especially under the accelerated virtualization of dentistry. Future studies should include a broader spectrum of the population, including adults and elders, to better inform policy and implementation of teledentistry (PROSPERO: CRD42020192685).

Mirror therapy simultaneously combined with electrical stimulation for upper limb motor function recovery after stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

2020 ◽  
pp. 026921552095193
Author(s):  
Alberto Saavedra-García ◽  
Jose A Moral-Munoz ◽  
David Lucena-Anton
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Motor Function ◽  
Upper Limb ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Mean Difference ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Cochrane Central Register ◽  
Mirror Therapy

Objective: To evaluate the current evidence on the effectiveness of simultaneous combination of mirror therapy and electrical stimulation in the recovery of upper limb motor function after stroke, compared with conventional therapy, mirror therapy or electrical stimulation isolated. Data sources: Articles published in PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro), Cochrane Central register of controlled trials and ScienceDirect up to July 2020. Review methods: The PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines were followed. Methodological quality was assessed using the PEDro tool. The RevMan 5.4 statistical software was used to obtain the meta-analysis, through the standardized mean difference and 95% confidence intervals (CI), and to evaluate the risk of bias. The GRADE approach was employed to assess the certainty of evidence. Results: Eight articles were included in this systematic review, seven were included in the meta-analysis. A total of 314 participants were analyzed. The overall quality of the articles included in this review was good. There was no overall significant mean difference on upper limb motor function after stroke using the Upper-Extremity Fugl-Meyer Assessment by 1.56 (95% CI = –2.08, 5.20; P = 0.40; moderate-certainty evidence) and the Box and Block Test results by 1.39 (95% CI = –2.14, 4.92; P = 0.44; high-certainty evidence). There was overall significant difference in the Action Research Arm Test by 3.54 (95% CI = 0.18, 6.90; P = 0.04; high-certainty evidence). Conclusion: Direct scientific evidence about the effectiveness of the combined therapy of mirror therapy and electrical stimulation simultaneously for the improvement of the upper limb motor function after stroke is lacking. Further high-quality and well-designed research is needed.

scholarly journals Effect of Taping on Spinal Pain and Disability: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Trials

2015 ◽  
Vol 95 (4) ◽  
pp. 493-506 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carla Vanti ◽  
Lucia Bertozzi ◽  
Ivan Gardenghi ◽  
Francesca Turoni ◽  
Andrew A. Guccione ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Myofascial Pain ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Pain Syndrome ◽  
Myofascial Pain Syndrome ◽  
Spinal Pain ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Cochrane Central Register

Background Taping is a widely used therapeutic tool for the treatment of musculoskeletal disorders, nevertheless its effectiveness is still uncertain. Purpose The purpose of this study was to conduct a current review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) concerning the effects of elastic and nonelastic taping on spinal pain and disability. Data Sources MEDLINE, CINAHL, EMBASE, PEDro, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Scopus, ISI Web of Knowledge, and SPORTDiscus databases were searched. Study Selection All published RCTs on symptomatic adults with a diagnosis of specific or nonspecific spinal pain, myofascial pain syndrome, or whiplash-associated disorders (WAD) were considered. Data Extraction Two reviewers independently selected the studies and extracted the results. The quality of individual studies was assessed using the PEDro scale, and the evidence was assessed using GRADE criteria. Data Synthesis Eight RCTs were included. Meta-analysis of 4 RCTs on low back pain demonstrated that elastic taping does not significantly reduce pain or disability immediately posttreatment, with a standardized mean difference of −0.31 (95% confidence interval=−0.64, 0.02) and −0.23 (95% confidence interval=−0.49, 0.03), respectively. Results from single trials indicated that both elastic and nonelastic taping are not better than placebo or no treatment on spinal disability. Positive results were found only for elastic taping and only for short-term pain reduction in WAD or specific neck pain. Generally, the effect sizes were very small or not clinically relevant, and all results were supported by low-quality evidence. Limitations The paucity of studies does not permit us to draw any final conclusions. Conclusion Although different types of taping were investigated, the results of this systematic review did not show any firm support for their effectiveness.

scholarly journals Three Decades of Internet- and Computer-Based Interventions for the Treatment of Depression: Protocol for a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

10.2196/14860 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. e14860 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isaac Moshe ◽  
Yannik Terhorst ◽  
Pim Cuijpers ◽  
Ioana Cristea ◽  
Laura Pulkki-Råback ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Effect Size ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Large Body ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Cochrane Central Register ◽  
Temporal Dimension ◽  
The Past ◽  
Treatment Of Depression ◽  
Computer Based

Background Depression is one of the leading causes of disability worldwide. Internet- and computer-based interventions (IBIs) have been shown to provide effective, scalable forms of treatment. More than 100 controlled trials and a growing number of meta-analyses published over the past 30 years have demonstrated the efficacy of IBIs in reducing symptoms in the short and long term. Despite the large body of research, no comprehensive review or meta-analysis has been conducted to date that evaluates how the effectiveness of IBIs has evolved over time. Objective This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to evaluate whether there has been a change in the effectiveness of IBIs on the treatment of depression over the past 30 years and to identify potential variables moderating the effect size. Methods A sensitive search strategy will be executed across the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), MEDLINE, EMBASE, and PsycINFO. Data extraction and evaluation will be conducted by two independent researchers. Risk of bias will be assessed. A multilevel meta-regression model will be used to analyze the data and estimate effect size. Results The search was completed in mid-2019. We expect the results to be submitted for publication in early 2020. Conclusions The year 2020 will mark 30 years since the first paper was published on the use of IBIs for the treatment of depression. Despite the large and rapidly growing body of research in the field, evaluations of effectiveness to date are missing the temporal dimension. This review will address that gap and provide valuable analysis of how the effectiveness of interventions has evolved over the past three decades; which participant-, intervention-, and study-related variables moderate changes in effectiveness; and where research in the field may benefit from increased focus. Trial Registration PROSPERO CRD42019136554; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=136554 International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) PRR1-10.2196/14860

scholarly journals Effectiveness of orthodontic temporary anchorage devices in canine retraction and anchorage preservation during the two-step technique: A systematic review and meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haonan Tian ◽  
Congman Xie ◽  
Min Lin ◽  
Hongmei Yang ◽  
Aishu Ren
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Mean Difference ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Cochrane Central Register ◽  
Canine Retraction ◽  
Temporary Anchorage Devices ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Implant Anchorage

Abstract Background: Temporary anchorage devices have been used for decades in orthodontic practice for many applications. The aim of this systematic review was to assess the effectiveness of orthodontic temporary anchorage devices in canine retraction during the two-step technique. Methods: A search was systematically performed for articles published prior to June 30, 2019 in five electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Web of Science, Scopus). The risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane risk of bias tool for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and the risk of bias in nonrandomized studies of interventions (ROBINS-I) tool for controlled clinical trials (CCTs) . The Grading of Recommendation, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach was used for the quality assessment. Data concerning the mean difference in mesial molar movement and extent of canine retraction were extracted for statistical analysis. The mean difference s and 95% confidence intervals were analyzed for continuous data. A meta-analysis with a random-effects model for comparable outcomes was carried out. Results: Three RCTs and five CCTs were finally included. Meta-analysis showed a significant increase not only in anchorage preservation in the implant anchorage group in both the maxilla (1. 56 mm , 95% CI: 1.14 to 1.98, P <0.00001 ) and the mandible (1.62 mm , 95% CI: 1.24 to 2.01, P <0.00001 ) but also in canine retraction in the implant anchorage group in both the maxilla (0.43 mm , 95% CI: 0.16 to 0.69, P =0.001 ) and the mandible (0.26 mm , 95% CI: 0.02 to 0.49, P =0.03 ). Conclusions: There is very low-quality evidence showing that implant anchorage is more efficient than conventional anchorage during canine retraction. Additional high-quality studies are needed. Keywords: Orthodontic implants; Canine retraction; Systematic review; Meta-analysis

Effects of telehealth interventions for adolescent sexual health: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled studies

2021 ◽  
pp. 1357633X2110477
Author(s):  
Ita Daryanti Saragih ◽  
Santo Imanuel Tonapa ◽  
Carolyn M. Porta ◽  
Bih-O Lee
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Sexual Health ◽  
Condom Use ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Mean Difference ◽  
Adolescent Sexual Health ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Standardized Mean Difference

Introduction Telehealth interventions to advance adolescent sexual health have evolved and are being used to promote adolescent sexual health knowledge and healthy sexual behaviors. However, as this area of intervention modality expands, there is a need to pause and examine the effects of telehealth interventions on adolescent sexual health outcomes. Addressing this knowledge gap will inform researchers and practitioners on the current state of evidence of telehealth interventions and inform further intervention development and testing. This study aimed to explore the meta-effects of telehealth interventions on self-efficacy of using condoms, condom use practices, and sexually transmitted infection testing behaviors among adolescents. Methods A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials were conducted. Seven databases (Academic Search Complete, CINAHL, EMBASE, MEDLINE, PubMed, OVID (UpToDate), and Web of Science) were searched for relevant full-text articles from the inception to May 2021. The revised Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for randomized trials was used to assess the methodological quality of the included studies. A meta-analysis was performed using a random effects model to calculate the pooled effects of telehealth interventions for adolescents. Stata 16.0 was used for statistical analysis. Results A total of 15 studies ( N = 5499) that used telehealth interventions with adolescents were included in the analysis. Telehealth interventions were found to increase self-efficacy for condom use (standardized mean difference: 0.22; 95% confidence interval: 0.08–0.36), practice for condom use (standardized mean difference: 0.35; 95% confidence interval: 0.23–0.47), and being screened/tested for sexual transmitted infections (standardized mean difference: 0.61; 95% confidence interval: 0.31–0.92). Discussion Telehealth interventions show promise as effective intervention delivery solutions for improving self-efficacy and certain sexual health behaviors among adolescents. These telehealth strategies could be important alternatives to in-person visits to accessing sexual health information or services near where they live. Future research should consider testing telehealth strategies where there is evidence of impact to move the field forward.

scholarly journals LO076: Remote ischemic conditioning to reduce reperfusion injury during acute STEMI: a systematic review and meta-analysis

CJEM ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (S1) ◽  
pp. S56-S56
Author(s):  
S.L. McLeod ◽  
A. Iansavitchene ◽  
S. Cheskes
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Infarct Size ◽  
Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Mean Difference ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Myocardial Salvage ◽  
Cochrane Central Register ◽  
Remote Ischemic Conditioning ◽  
Ischemic Conditioning

Introduction: Remote ischemic conditioning (RIC) is a non-invasive therapeutic strategy that uses brief cycles of inflation and deflation of a blood pressure cuff to reduce ischemia-reperfusion injury during acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). The primary objective of this systematic review was to determine if RIC initiated prior to catheterization increases myocardial salvage index, defined as the proportion of area at risk of the left ventricle salvaged by treatment following emergent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for STEMI. Secondary outcomes included infarct size and major adverse cardiovascular events. Methods: Electronic searches of PubMed, Ovid MEDLINE, EMBASE and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were conducted and reference lists were hand-searched. Randomized controlled trials comparing PCI with and without RIC for patients with STEMI published in English were included. Two reviewers independently screened abstracts, assessed quality of the studies, and extracted data. Data were pooled using random-effects models and reported as risk ratios (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results: Nine RCTs were included with a combined total of 999 patients (RIC+PCI = 534, PCI = 465). The myocardial salvage index was higher in the RIC+PCI group at 3 and 30 days; mean difference 0.09 (95% CI: 0.04, 0.15) and 0.12 (95% CI: 0.03, 0.21), respectively. Infarct size was reduced in the RIC+PCI group at 3 and 30 days; mean difference -3.82 (95% CI: -8.15, 0.51) and -4.00 (95% CI: -7.07, -0.93), respectively. There was no statistical difference with respect to death and re-infarction, however there was a reduction in heart failure with RIC+PCI at 6 months; RR: 0.43 (95% CI: 0.19, 0.99). Conclusion: RIC is emerging as a promising adjunctive treatment to PCI for the prevention of reperfusion injury in STEMI patients. Ongoing, multicenter clinical trials will help elucidate the effect of RIC on clinical outcomes such a hospitalization, heart failure and mortality.

scholarly journals Probiotics for preventing and treating gastro-oesophageal reflux/gastro-oesophageal reflux disease in infants: A systematic review and meta-analysis

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jann Foster ◽  
Hannah Dahlen ◽  
Sabina Fijan ◽  
Nadia Badawi ◽  
Viginia Schmied ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Placebo Group ◽  
Reflux Disease ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Mean Difference ◽  
Oesophageal Reflux ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Cochrane Central Register ◽  
Probiotic Group ◽  
Oesophageal Reflux Disease

Abstract Background Gastro-oesophageal reflux (GOR) and Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD) are common during infancy and can cause substantial discomfort in infants, parental distress and financial burden on parents and the health care system. Effective treatment regimens, however, remain elusive. Probiotics given to women during pregnancy and lactation, and babies may have therapeutic effects when it comes to GOR/GORD. The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to evaluate the efficacy of probiotic supplementation for the prevention and treatment of GOR/GORD in infants.Methods Literature searches were conducted using MEDLINE, EMBASE and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled trials. Only randomised controlled trials (RCTs) were included. A meta-analysis of included trials was performed using the Cochrane Collaboration methodology where possible. Results Six RCTs examined the prevention or treatment with probiotics on GOR. There were no studies examining probiotics for GORD. A meta-analysis of 3 studies showed a statistically significant reduction in regurgitation episodes for the probiotic group compared to the placebo group [mean difference -1.44 episodes/day; 95% CI -1.71 to -1.17] but there was high heterogeneity (96%). Meta-analysis of two studies found a statistically significant increased number of stools per day in the probiotic group compared to the placebo group [mean difference 1.26, 95% CI 1.12 to 1.41]. However, there was moderate heterogeneity (69%). Individual studies reported: a decrease in crying time, increased gastric emptying rate, infant length and head circumference, visits to an emergency department or health professional, and loss of parent working days were significantly less with infants receiving probiotic compared to a placebo but more research is needed. Meta-analysis of two studies showed no difference in body weight between the two groups (minimal heterogeneity 23%). None of the studies reported any adverse effects for the women or infants. Conclusions Probiotic therapy appears promising with some evidence of benefit but most studies are small and there was high heterogeneity between the studies. The use of probiotics could potentially be a non-invasive, cost effective and preventative positive health strategy for both women and their babies. Further well controlled RCTs examining the effect of probiotics for GOR /GORD are warranted.

scholarly journals Mindfulness-based stress reduction for treating chronic headache: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Cephalalgia ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 544-555 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dennis Anheyer ◽  
Matthew J Leach ◽  
Petra Klose ◽  
Gustav Dobos ◽  
Holger Cramer
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trials ◽  
Cognitive Therapy ◽  
Stress Reduction ◽  
Tension Type Headache ◽  
Mean Difference ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Standardized Mean Difference ◽  
Mindfulness Based Stress Reduction

Background Mindfulness-based stress reduction/cognitive therapy are frequently used for pain-related conditions, but their effects on headache remain uncertain. This review aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of mindfulness-based stress reduction/cognitive therapy in reducing the symptoms of chronic headache. Data sources and study selection MEDLINE/PubMed, Scopus, CENTRAL, and PsychINFO were searched to 16 June 2017. Randomized controlled trials comparing mindfulness-based stress reduction/cognitive therapy with usual care or active comparators for migraine and/or tension-type headache, which assessed headache frequency, duration or intensity as a primary outcome, were eligible for inclusion. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Tool. Results Five randomized controlled trials (two on tension-type headache; one on migraine; two with mixed samples) with a total of 185 participants were included. Compared to usual care, mindfulness-based stress reduction/cognitive therapy did not improve headache frequency (three randomized controlled trials; standardized mean difference = 0.00; 95% confidence interval = −0.33,0.32) or headache duration (three randomized controlled trials; standardized mean difference = −0.08; 95% confidence interval = −1.03,0.87). Similarly, no significant difference between groups was found for pain intensity (five randomized controlled trials; standardized mean difference = −0.78; 95% confidence interval = −1.72,0.16). Conclusions Due to the low number, small scale and often high or unclear risk of bias of included randomized controlled trials, the results are imprecise; this may be consistent with either an important or negligible effect. Therefore, more rigorous trials with larger sample sizes are needed.

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