scholarly journals Assessment of the influence of various risk factors on the severity of psycho-emotional disorders in patients with multiple sclerosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 31-35
Author(s):  
T.A. Odintsova ◽  
O.O. Kopchak
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Emotional Disorders ◽  
Demyelinating Disease ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Relapsing Remitting ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Severity Levels ◽  
Relapsing Remitting Multiple Sclerosis

Multiple sclerosis is an insidious disabling, both physically and mentally, demyelinating disease of the central nervous system. People with multiple sclerosis, apart from the classic manifestations, can also experience depression and anxiety. The study was aimed to assess peculiarities of influence of socio-demographic, external factors, and characteristics of the disease on depression and anxiety among patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. The following article highlights the main risk factors and their ways of influence on the aforementioned disorders, distinguished by the multifactorial analysis. Also, it estimates the frequency of different severity levels of either depression or anxiety depending on the pre-sence of each risk factor.

scholarly journals lincR-Ccr2-5′AS and THRIL as potential biomarkers of multiple sclerosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Olfat Gamil Shaker ◽  
Amr Hassan ◽  
Asmaa Mohammed Mohammed ◽  
Shereen Rashad Mohammed
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Demyelinating Disease ◽  
Fold Change ◽  
Motor Weakness ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Relapsing Remitting ◽  
Treatment Naïve ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Nuclear Ribonucleoprotein ◽  
Relapsing Remitting Multiple Sclerosis

Abstract Background Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a demyelinating disease affecting the central nervous system (CNS). Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) were believed to play a role in the pathogenesis of neurological disorders including MS. lincR-Ccr2-5′AS is expressed in the T helper2 (Th2) lineage. TNF-α heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein L (THRIL) causes the induction of TNF-α and regulates innate immune response and inflammation. We investigated the expression of lincR-Ccr2-5′AS and THRIL in MS to clarify their association with MS risk and the clinical features. Results LincR-Ccr2-5′AS was significantly downregulated in MS patients (fold change = 0.43±0.29, p = 0.03). The expression level was significantly low in patients with motor weakness and optic neuritis, patients with Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) ≥5.5, and treatment-naïve patients. THRIL was significantly upregulated in MS patients (fold change = 6.18±2, p = 0.02). Its expression was significantly higher in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS), patients with motor weakness, patients with EDSS ≤5, and patients who received interferon. Conclusion Our results showed the downregulation of lincR-Ccr2-5′AS and the upregulation of lncRNA THRIL in MS patients. This differential expression of both lncRNAs may have an important role in MS pathogenesis.

scholarly journals Altered cortical phase- and amplitude-coupling in Multiple Sclerosis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcus Siems ◽  
Johannes Tünnerhoff ◽  
Ulf Ziemann ◽  
Markus Siegel
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Demyelinating Disease ◽  
Disease Stage ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Relapsing Remitting ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis Patients ◽  
Relapsing Remitting Multiple Sclerosis

AbstractMultiple Sclerosis is a demyelinating disease of the central nervous system that can result in cognitive decline and physical disability. However, related functional changes in large-scale brain interactions remain poorly understood and corresponding non-invasive biomarkers are sparse. Here, we measured magnetoencephalography in 17 relapsing-remitting Multiple Sclerosis patients at an early disease stage (median EDSS = 1.5, range 0 to 3.5) and 17 healthy controls to investigate brain-wide phase- and amplitude-coupling of frequency specific neuronal activity. We developed a new analysis approach that combines dimensionality reduction, bootstrap aggregating and multivariate classification to identify changes of brain-wide coupling in Multiple Sclerosis. We identified systematic and non-redundant changes of both phase- and amplitude-coupling. Changes included both, increased and decreased neuronal coupling in wide-spread, bilateral neuronal networks across a broad range of frequencies. These changes allowed to successfully classify patients and controls with an accuracy of 84%. Furthermore, classification confidence predicted behavioral scores of disease severity. Our results unravel systematic changes of large-scale neuronal coupling in Multiple Sclerosis and suggest non-invasive electrophysiological coupling measures as powerful biomarkers of Multiple Sclerosis.

scholarly journals Regulation of CTLA-4 and PD-L1 Expression in Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis Patients after Treatment with Fingolimod, IFNβ-1α, Glatiramer Acetate, and Dimethyl Fumarate Drugs

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 721
Author(s):  
Afshin Derakhshani ◽  
Zahra Asadzadeh ◽  
Hossein Safarpour ◽  
Patrizia Leone ◽  
Mahdi Abdoli Shadbad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Demyelinating Disease ◽  
Immune Checkpoints ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽  
Relapsing Remitting ◽  
Remitting Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis Patients ◽  
Relapsing Remitting Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
The Impact

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS) that is characterized by inflammation which typically results in significant impairment in most patients. Immune checkpoints act as co-stimulatory and co-inhibitory molecules and play a fundamental role in keeping the equilibrium of the immune system. Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4) and Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), as inhibitory immune checkpoints, participate in terminating the development of numerous autoimmune diseases, including MS. We assessed the CTLA-4 and PD-L1 gene expression in the different cell types of peripheral blood mononuclear cells of MS patients using single-cell RNA-seq data. Additionally, this study outlines how CTLA-4 and PD-L1 expression was altered in the PBMC samples of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) patients compared to the healthy group. Finally, it investigates the impact of various MS-related treatments in the CTLA-4 and PD-L1 expression to restrain autoreactive T cells and stop the development of MS autoimmunity.

scholarly journals HIV infection and multiple sclerosis: a case with unexpected “no evidence of disease activity” status

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 030006052199957
Author(s):  
Fernando Labella ◽  
Fernando Acebrón ◽  
María del Carmen Blanco-Valero ◽  
Alba Rodrígez-Martín ◽  
Ángela Monterde Ortega ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Disease Activity ◽  
Demyelinating Disease ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Disease Modifying Drugs ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Relapsing Remitting ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Disease Modifying

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system whose etiology remains unclear. It has been suggested that MS can be triggered by certain viruses; however, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is associated with reduced incidence of MS. We present the case of a young patient diagnosed with active relapsing-remitting MS whose clinical course substantially improved following HIV infection and treatment. The patient achieved no evidence of disease activity status without any disease-modifying drugs. Both HIV-induced immunosuppression and antiretroviral therapy may have attenuated the clinical course in this patient.

scholarly journals Patients with neuromyelitis optica have a more severe disease than patients with relapsingremitting multiple sclerosis, including higher risk of dying of a demyelinating disease

2013 ◽  
Vol 71 (5) ◽  
pp. 275-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denis Bernardi Bichuetti ◽  
Enedina Maria Lobato de Oliveira ◽  
Nilton Amorin de Souza ◽  
Mar Tintoré ◽  
Alberto Alain Gabbai
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Neuromyelitis Optica ◽  
Disease Duration ◽  
Demyelinating Disease ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Expanded Disability Status Scale ◽  
Disability Status ◽  
Relapsing Remitting ◽  
Relapsing Remitting Multiple Sclerosis

Although neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is known to be a more severe disease than relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS), few studies comparing both conditions in a single center have been done.Methods:Comparison of our previously published cohort of 41 NMO patients with 177 RRMS patients followed in the same center, from 1994 to 2007.Results:Mean age of onset was 32.6 for NMO and 30.2 for RRMS (p=0.2062) with mean disease duration of 7.4 years for NMO and 10.3 years for RRMS. Patients with NMO had a higher annualized relapse rate (1.0 versus 0.8, p=0.0013) and progression index (0.9 versus 0.6, p≪0.0001), with more patients reaching expanded disability status scale (EDSS) 6.0 (39 versus 17%, p=0.0036). The odds ratio for reaching EDSS 6.0 and being deceased due to NMO in comparison to RRMS were, respectively, 3.14 and 12.15.Conclusion:Patients with NMO have a more severe disease than patients with RRMS, including higher risk of dying of a demyelinating disease.

scholarly journals The STING-IFN-β-Dependent Axis Is Markedly Low in Patients with Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (23) ◽  
pp. 9249
Author(s):  
Lars Masanneck ◽  
Susann Eichler ◽  
Anna Vogelsang ◽  
Melanie Korsen ◽  
Heinz Wiendl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Type I ◽  
Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Endogenous Production ◽  
Relapsing Remitting ◽  
Peripheral Lymphoid Tissue ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Peripheral Immune Cells ◽  
Relapsing Remitting Multiple Sclerosis

Cyclic GMP-AMP-synthase is a sensor of endogenous nucleic acids, which subsequently elicits a stimulator of interferon genes (STING)-dependent type I interferon (IFN) response defending us against viruses and other intracellular pathogens. This pathway can drive pathological inflammation, as documented for type I interferonopathies. In contrast, specific STING activation and subsequent IFN-β release have shown beneficial effects on experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) as a model for multiple sclerosis (MS). Although less severe cases of relapse-remitting MS (RRMS) are treated with IFN-β, there is little information correlating aberrant type I IFN signaling and the pathologic conditions of MS. We hypothesized that there is a link between STING activation and the endogenous production of IFN-β during neuroinflammation. Gene expression analysis in EAE mice showed that Sting level decreased in the peripheral lymphoid tissue, while its level increased within the central nervous system over the course of the disease. Similar patterns could be verified in peripheral immune cells during the acute phases of RRMS in comparison to remitting phases and appropriately matched healthy controls. Our study is the first to provide evidence that the STING/IFN-β-axis is downregulated in RRMS patients, meriting further intensified research to understand its role in the pathophysiology of MS and potential translational applications.

Risk factors for lymphopenia in patients with relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis treated with dimethyl fumarate

2019 ◽  
Vol 267 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabian Sierra Morales ◽  
Igor J. Koralnik ◽  
Shiva Gautam ◽  
Soleil Samaan ◽  
Jacob A. Sloane
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Dimethyl Fumarate ◽  
Relapsing Remitting ◽  
Remitting Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Relapsing Remitting Multiple Sclerosis

scholarly journals Innate Immune System and Multiple Sclerosis. Granulocyte Numbers Are Reduced in Patients Affected by Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis during the Remission Phase

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 1468
Author(s):  
Zbyšek Pavelek ◽  
Francesco Angelucci ◽  
Ondřej Souček ◽  
Jan Krejsek ◽  
Lukáš Sobíšek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Innate Immunity ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Statistical System ◽  
Relapsing Remitting ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Remission Phase ◽  
Relapsing Remitting Multiple Sclerosis

Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a neurodegenerative disease that affects the central nervous system. The cause of MS is still unknown, and the role of innate immunity is still poorly understood. Objective: The goal of this study was to understand whether, compared to healthy controls, the elements of innate immunity are altered in the blood of MS patients in the remitting phase. Methods: A total of 77 naïve MS patients and 50 healthy controls were included in this cohort study. Peripheral blood samples were collected and analyzed. All the calculations were performed with the statistical system R (r-project.org). Results: The results showed that MS patients had significantly lower relative representations of granulocytes than healthy controls, while the relative representations of monocytes remained unchanged. CD64- and PD-L1-positive granulocytes exhibited a nonsignificant decreasing trend, while granulocytes with other membrane markers remained noticeably unchanged. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that studies of the causes of MS and its treatment should also be focused on the elements of the innate immune response.

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