scholarly journals THE STUDY OF FREE RADICALS TO EVALUATE THE HEALING EFFECTS OF PUNICA GRANATUM PEEL ON ACETIC ACID-INDUCED COLITIS IN RATS

Author(s):  
ARPIT VERMA ◽  
MANI GOEL ◽  
SATYENDRA PRAJAPATI ◽  
ANAND BHADKARIYA

Objective: The objective of the study was to analyze the effect of 50% ethanolic extract of the dried Punica granatum peel (PGE) on the healing of acetic acid-induced colitis in rats. Methods: Colitis was induced in rats using 50% acetic acid and then PGE extract was administered by oral route daily for 14 days to those rats. Optimal healing was observed by the administration of a 100 mg/kg dose of PGE extract. Effectiveness of the above-mentioned dosage of PGE on biochemical parameters, basically free radicals – nitric oxide and lipid peroxidation was studied on 18 hours fasting rats on the 15th day of the experiment. Results: The results were suggestive of the healing properties of PGE extract by reduction of the inflammation and mucosal damage in the colon of those rats. The healing effects were established by the estimation and study of free radicals taken from the mucosal samples of the rat’s colon. The safety of extract was established by the effective administration of 10 times the therapeutic dose, that is, 1000 mg/kg dosage of the PGE extract with no noticeable adverse effects or side effects related to ANS or central nervous system. Conclusion: PGE extract was found to be effective in healing mucosal damage due to colitis by controlling the infection and reducing the inflammation.

INDIAN DRUGS ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 51 (10) ◽  
pp. 16-22
Author(s):  
J Alvares ◽  
◽  
M. H. Godinho

Extracts of peels of Punica granatum L. were screened for neuropharmacological activities viz. antianxiety, analgesic and learning and memory activities, using Elevated Plus Maze (EPM), Hot Plate Analgesiometer and Morris Water Maze, respectively. Aqueous extract of the peels (200mg/kg) and ethanolic extracts (200mg/kg and 400mg/kg) were administered by oral route for seven days. The control used was 1% Tween 80. Diazepam (4 mg/kg) and pentazocine (5 mg/kg) were used as standard drugs. Phytochemical analysis of the extracts was conducted. The rats receiving the ethanolic extract at a dose of 400mg/kg showed a significant increase in percentage open arm entries and percentage time spent in open arms in the EPM test thus indicating anti-anxiety activity. All the three extracts showed significant increase in reaction time on the hot plate analgesiometer and significant decrease in latency in the Morris Water Maze test, thus demonstrating analgesic activity and memory enhancement.


Author(s):  
Ramya Kuber B

Free radicals are triggered in human body by routine metabolic pathways which are highly reactive substance entangled in various physiological functions but excess production may impart with multitude diseases such as cancer, arthritis, inflammation and various neurodegenerative disorders. As a result, previous findings supported that various photochemical constituents present in natural plants exerts prominent role in defense mechanism against rate of excess free radicals’ production. The present study was carried out to investigate phytochemical composition, quantification studies and in vitro antioxidant potential of Justicia gendarussa (JG) various solvent extracts. JG belongs to the family Acanthaceace and used as traditional healers in various ailments. JG plant material was collected, dried, powdered and subjected for soxhlation to prepare ethanolic, ethyl acetate, aqueous and n-hexane extracts. Screening of Active constituents by various qualitative tests, estimation of total phenolic (TPC) and Total flavonoid content (TFC) and in vitro antioxidant potential of plant extracts were performed by DPPH, Lipid peroxidation, Nitric oxide and Superoxide radical scavenging methods. Present investigation reveals that, presence of flavonoids, phenols, amino acids, glycosides, cardiac glycosides, proteins, carbohydrates, alkaloids, steroids, terpenoids and tannins. TPC and TFC of ethanol extract were found to be 9.47 ± 0.0216 mg Gallic acid equivalent (GAE/g) and 97.6 ± 0.0342 mg Rutin equivalent/g (RUE/g). Among all the analyzed extracts ethanolic extract of JG possessed high radical neutralizing capacity and for DPPH (IC50 32µg/ml), Lipid Peroxidation (28 µg/ml), Nitric oxide (30 µg/ml) and superoxide anion radicals (39 µg/ml) respectively and found to be more effective as ascorbic acid (26 µg/ml) which was used as standard. Overall results of the study concluded that JG leaf extracts possess beneficial Phytoconstituents, high phenol and flavonoid contents and potential antioxidant activity, which could be a viable source of natural antioxidants for treating various degenerative disorders.


1998 ◽  
Vol 790 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 202-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marvin Gómez-Vargas ◽  
Sakiko Nishibayashi-Asanuma ◽  
Masato Asanuma ◽  
Yoichi Kondo ◽  
Emi Iwata ◽  
...  

Author(s):  
Himanshu Sharma ◽  
Saurabh Chauhan ◽  
Punya Pratap Singh ◽  
Raj K. Goel

Background: The aim to study and elucidate the healing effects of ethanolic extract of dried whole plant of Bacopa monniera against experimental colitis in rats.Methods: Bacopa monniera whole plant extract was administered orally, once daily for 14 days, to rats after induction of colitis with acetic acid. We studied its effects on: faecal output, food and water intake, and body weight changes and also examined colonic mucosal damage, inflammation and status of antioxidants: superoxide dismutase, reduced glutathione; free radicals: nitric oxide, lipid peroxidation on 15th day of the experiment. Antibacterial activity of the extract was also studied using in vitro procedures. Statistical comparison was performed using either unpaired ‘t’ test or one -way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and for multiple comparisons versus control group was done by Dunnett’s test.Results: Bacopa monniera whole plant extract decreased colonic mucosal damage, inflammation, faecal output and increased body weight in acetic acid induced colitis. It also showed antibacterial activity and enhanced the antioxidant but decreased free radicals. Acute toxicity study indicated no mortality or other ANS or CNS related adverse effects even with ten time effective dose indicating its safety.Conclusions: Bacopa monniera whole plant extract is safe, effective and could be beneficial as a complementary agent in treatment of ulcerative colitis.


2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1601100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Smail Aazza ◽  
Soukaina El-Guendouz ◽  
Maria Graça Miguel ◽  
M. Dulce Antunes ◽  
M. Leonor Faleiro ◽  
...  

The in vitro antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-hyperglycaemic, and anti-acetylcholinesterase activities of the essential oils (EOs) isolated from six Lamiaceae species ( Thymbra capitata, Thymus albicans, Th. caespititius, Th. carnosus, Th. lotocephalus and Th. mastichina) grown in Portugal, were evaluated. Th. caespititius and T. capitata carvacrol/thymol-rich EOs showed the best capacity for preventing lipid peroxidation, and scavenging the 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) and peroxyl free radicals, as well as for inhibiting lipoxygenase and α-amylase. However, Th. caespititius and Th. lotocephalus 1,8-cineole and linalool rich EOs were the best inhibitors of α-glucosidase. T. capitata, Th. lotocephalus and Th. albicans EOs were the most active for inhibiting acetylcholinesterase. Th. caespititius and Th. mastichina EOs were the main scavengers of nitric oxide (NO) radicals. The comparison between the present data with a survey of the existing literature on the in vitro biological activities of the essential oils isolated from the same species from Portuguese origin, using other methodologies, showed some differences. For instance the use of two oxidizable substrates (egg yolk and lecithin liposomes) led to distinct results mainly for those samples with relatively low activity. In addition, the EOs capacity for scavenging peroxyl radicals was also influenced by the presence of cyclodextrins, as a synergism seemed to occur between EOs and those carbohydrates.


2001 ◽  
Vol 120 (5) ◽  
pp. A147-A147
Author(s):  
M HIROTO ◽  
H OKA ◽  
A SHIOTANI ◽  
M IGUCHI ◽  
N SHINNGAKI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  

Author(s):  
Irfan Aziz ◽  
Birendra Shrivastava ◽  
Chandana Venkateswara Rao ◽  
Sadath Ali

Tephrosia purpurea possesses hepatoprotective activity as evidenced by the significant and dose dependent restoring the activities of entire liver cancer marker enzymes, diminution in tumor incidence, decrease in lipid peroxidation (LPO) and increase in the level of antioxidant enzymes (GSH, CAT, SOD, GPx and GST) through scavenging of free radicals, or by enhancing the activity of antioxidant, which then detoxify free radicals. These factors protect cells from ROS damage in NDEA and CCl4-induced hepatocarcinogenesis. Histopathological observations of liver tissues too correlated with the biochemical observations. Thus, present investigation suggested that the Tephrosia purpurea would exert a chemoprotective effect by reversing the oxidant-antioxidant imbalance during hepatocarcinogenesis induced by NDEA and CCl4. Besides Tephrosia purpurea is very much effective in preventing NDEA-induced multistage hepatocarcinogenesis possibly through antioxidant and antigenotoxic nature, which was confirmed by various liver injury and biochemical tumour markers enzymes. The hepatoprotective activity of aTephrosia purpurea of 50 % ethanolic extract was studied using rats. The animals received a single intraperitoneal injection of N-nitrosodiethylamine 200mg/kg body wt followed by subcutaneous injection of CCl4 in a dose of 3 ml/kg body wt.Tephrosia purpureaextract dose dependently and significantly the increase in serum hepatic enzyme levels after NDEAand CCl4 treatment compared to the toxin control group. The results of this study confirmed the antioxidant and hepatoprotective activity of the Tephrosia purpurea extract against carbon tetrachlorideand N-nitrosodiethylamine induced hepatotoxicity in rats.


Author(s):  
Irfan Aziz ◽  
Birendra Shrivastava ◽  
Chandana Venkateswara Rao2 ◽  
Sadath Ali

Liver disease or liver cancer is the sixth most common cancer and the third leading cause of cancer mortality in the world. Hepatitis viral infection, food additives, alcohol, fungal toxins (aflatoxins), toxic industrial chemicals, air and water pollutants are the major risk factors of liver cancer. Moreover, due to high tolerance of liver, HCC is seldom detected at an early stage and once detected treatment faces a poor prognosis in most cases.Fumaria indica possesses hepatoprotective activity as evidenced by the significant and dose dependent restoring the activities of entire liver cancer marker enzymes, diminution in tumor incidence, decrease in lipid peroxidation (LPO) and increase in the level of antioxidant enzymes (GSH, CAT, SOD, GPx and GST) through scavenging of free radicals, or by enhancing the activity of antioxidant, which then detoxify free radicals. These factors protect cells from ROS damage in NDEA and CCl4-induced hepatocarcinogenesis. Histopathological observations of liver tissues too correlated with the biochemical observations. Thus, present investigation suggested that the Fumaria indica would exert a chemoprotective effect by reversing the oxidant-antioxidant imbalance during hepatocarcinogenesis induced by NDEA and CCl4. Besides Fumaria indicais very much effective in preventing NDEA-induced multistage hepatocarcinogenesis possibly through antioxidant and antigenotoxic nature, which was confirmed by various liver injury and biochemical tumour markers enzymes. The hepatoprotective activity of a Fumaria indicaof 50 % ethanolic extract was studied using rats. The animals received a single intraperitoneal injection of N-nitrosodiethylamine 200mg/kg body wt followed by subcutaneous injection of CCl4 in a dose of 3 ml/kg body wt. Fumaria indica extract dose dependently and significantly the increase in serum hepatic enzyme levels after NDEAand CCl4 treatment compared to the toxin control group. The results of this study confirmed the antioxidant and hepatoprotective activity of the Fumaria indicaextract against carbon tetrachlorideand N-nitrosodiethylamine induced hepatotoxicity in rats. In addition to this, studies on molecular aspect of hepatoprotective therapy will give mechanistic information in hepatoprotective therapy and also critical balance should be there between the animal model and clinical research. The hepatoprotective properties of Fumaria indicashould provide useful information in the possible application in hepatic liver disease.


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