scholarly journals Blood coagulation components in GtoPdb v.2021.2

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Szu S. Wong
Keyword(s):  
Blood Loss ◽  
Blood Coagulation ◽  
Coagulation Cascade ◽  
Advanced Level ◽  
Factor Ii ◽  
Aggregation Of Platelets ◽  
Excessive Blood Loss

Coagulation as a process is interpreted as a mechanism for reducing excessive blood loss through the generation of a gel-like clot local to the site of injury. The process involves the activation, adhesion (see Integrins), degranulation and aggregation of platelets, as well as proteins circulating in the plasma. The coagulation cascade involves multiple proteins being converted to more active forms from less active precursors (for example, prothrombin [Factor II] is converted to thrombin [Factor IIa]), typically through proteolysis (see Proteases). Listed here are the components of the coagulation cascade targeted by agents in current clinical usage or at an advanced level of development.

The Effect of Desmopressin on Reducing Blood Loss in Cardiac Surgery – A Meta-Analysis of Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trials

1995 ◽  
Vol 74 (04) ◽  
pp. 1064-1070 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Cattaneo ◽  
Alan S Harris ◽  
Ulf Strömberg ◽  
Pier Mannuccio Mannucci
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Blood Loss ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Postoperative Blood Loss ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Double Blind Placebo ◽  
Transfusion Requirements ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Excessive Blood Loss

SummaryThe effect of desmopressin (DDAVP) on reducing postoperative blood loss after cardiac surgery has been studied in several randomized clinical trials, with conflicting outcomes. Since most trials had insufficient statistical power to detect true differences in blood loss, we performed a meta-analysis of data from relevant studies. Seventeen randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials were analyzed, which included 1171 patients undergoing cardiac surgery for various indications; 579 of them were treated with desmopressin and 592 with placebo. Efficacy parameters were blood loss volumes and transfusion requirements. Desmopressin significantly reduced postoperative blood loss by 9%, but had no statistically significant effect on transfusion requirements. A subanalysis revealed that desmopressin had no protective effects in trials in which the mean blood loss in placebo-treated patients fell in the lower and middle thirds of distribution of blood losses (687-1108 ml/24 h). In contrast, in trials in which the mean blood loss in placebo-treated patients fell in the upper third of distribution (>1109 ml/24 h), desmopressin significantly decreased postoperative blood loss by 34%. Insufficient data were available to perform a sub-analysis on transfusion requirements. Therefore, desmopressin significantly reduces blood loss only in cardiac operations which induce excessive blood loss. Further studies are called to validate the results of this meta-analysis and to identify predictors of excessive blood loss after cardiac surgery.

Effect of Temperature, Velocity Gradient and I.V. Heparin on in Vitro Blood Coagulation and Platelet Aggregation

1967 ◽  
Vol 17 (01/02) ◽  
pp. 112-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
L Dintenfass ◽  
M. C Rozenberg
Keyword(s):  
Blood Coagulation ◽  
Velocity Gradient ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Clotting Time ◽  
Progressive Change ◽  
Aggregation Of Platelets ◽  
Microscopic Techniques

SummaryA study of blood coagulation was carried out by observing changes in the blood viscosity of blood coagulating in the cone-in-cone viscometer. The clots were investigated by microscopic techniques.Immediately after blood is obtained by venepuncture, viscosity of blood remains constant for a certain “latent” period. The duration of this period depends not only on the intrinsic properties of the blood sample, but also on temperature and rate of shear used during blood storage. An increase of temperature decreases the clotting time ; also, an increase in the rate of shear decreases the clotting time.It is confirmed that morphological changes take place in blood coagula as a function of the velocity gradient at which such coagulation takes place. There is a progressive change from the red clot to white thrombus as the rates of shear increase. Aggregation of platelets increases as the rate of shear increases.This pattern is maintained with changes of temperature, although aggregation of platelets appears to be increased at elevated temperatures.Intravenously added heparin affects the clotting time and the aggregation of platelets in in vitro coagulation.

Changes in Blood Coagulation and Fibrinolysis in Rats Fed Atherogenic Diets

1963 ◽  
Vol 10 (02) ◽  
pp. 295-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clarence Merskey ◽  
Herbert Wohl
Keyword(s):  
Blood Coagulation ◽  
Blood Platelets ◽  
Coagulation Factors ◽  
Atherogenic Diet ◽  
Normal Serum ◽  
Significant Prolongation ◽  
Lysis Time ◽  
Factor Ii ◽  
Euglobulin Lysis Time ◽  
Coagulation And Fibrinolysis

Summary1. Groups of rats were fed thrombogenic diets and the effects on blood coagulation and fibrinolysis assessed.2. Animals fed a diet containing cholesterol, thiouracil and cholic acid developed high levels of coagulation factors I, II, V, VII—X, VIII, IX and X.3. Animals fed a similar diet with additional 40% beef fat developed even greater elevation of V, VII—X, VIII and X, similar elevation of factor II, and lesser (but still significant) elevation of factors I and IX. In addition marked elevation of blood platelets occurred.4. Euglobulin lysis time of the group not fed the additional fat was longer than in controls. Significant prolongation of euglobulin lysis time was not found in the group fed additional fat.5. If the increased levels of plasma fibrinogen were taken into account, it was found that a larger amount of fibrin was lysed per unit time in the euglobulin lysis test with plasma from rats fed either atherogenic diet compared with controls.6. Defective thromboplastin generation was present in both groups of rats fed an atherogenic diet. The defect was present in the serum and was not due to lack of a factor required for thromboplastin generation. An inhibitor was present in the serum which was capable of preventing the action of normal serum.7. No good correlation was found between the occurrence of changes in blood coagulation or fibrinolysis and the presence or absence of thrombosis and infarction.8. The exact cause of these anomalies remains unexplained, as does the cause of the thrombosis in these animals. Starvation per se does not account for these abnormal findings. They could not adequately be explained on the basis of “hypercoagulability” of the blood.

Upaya Cara Mengatasi Disminore pada Remaja Putri

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-30
Author(s):  
Priharyanti Wulandari ◽  
Menik Kustriyani
Keyword(s):  
Blood Loss ◽  
Community Service ◽  
Rest Pain ◽  
Menstrual Pain ◽  
School Activities ◽  
Burning Pain ◽  
Sharp Pain ◽  
Service Activities ◽  
Extreme Pain ◽  
Excessive Blood Loss

Dismenore muncul dengan berbagai jenis rasa nyeri,sepeti sakit yang teramat sangat, berdenyut, mual, nyeri seperti terbakar, atau sakit yang sangat menusuk.Dismenore bisa mendahului menstruasi dengan beberapa hari atau mungkin menyertainya, dan biasanya berkurang hingga akhir menstruasi. Dismenore bisa hidup berdampingan dengan kehilangan darah berlebihan berat, yang dikenal sebagai menorrhagia. Dalam keadaan yang normal, nyeri haid hanya membuat wanita merasa sakit dan tidak nyaman. Tetapi dalam keadaan yang parah, nyeri haid ini bisa membuat wanita tidak dapat bekerja dan harus beristirahat, nyeri sering bersamaan dengan rasa mual, sakit kepala, perasaan mau pingsan dan lekas marah..Tujuan kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat adalah mengetahui dan memahami tentang nyeri haid/disminore serta mengetahui dan memahami cara penanganan nyeri haid/disminore sehingga tidak mengganggu aktivitas selama pembelajaran di sekolah. Kegiatan dilaksanakan dua kali yaitu pertemuan pertama dengan memberikan penyuluhan tentang upaya cara mengatasi nyeri haid/disminore pada remaja putri. pertemuan kedua dengan demonstrasi cara mengatasi nyeri haid/disminore pada remaja putri. Hasil dari pengabdian menunjukkan bahwa ada peningkatan pengetahuan tentang nyeri haid/disminore serta mengetahui dan memahami cara penanganan nyeri haid/disminore. Kata kunci: disminore; menstruasi; remaja putri EFFORTS HOW TO OVERCOME DISMINORE IN PRINCESS ADOLESCENTS ABSTRACT Dysmenorrhea presents with various types of pain, such as extreme pain, throbbing, nausea, burning pain, or very sharp pain. Dysmenorrhea can precede menstruation by several days or may accompany it, and usually decreases until the end of menstruation. Dysmenorrhea can coexist with heavy excessive blood loss, known as menorrhagia. Under normal circumstances, menstrual pain only makes women feel sick and uncomfortable. But in severe conditions, menstrual pain can make a woman unable to work and must rest, pain often coincides with nausea, headaches, feelings of fainting and irritability. The purpose of community service activities is to know and understand menstrual pain/ disminore as well as knowing and understanding how to manage menstrual pain / disminore so that it does not interfere with activities during learning at school. Activities carried out twice, namely the first meeting by providing counseling about efforts to overcome menstrual pain/ disminore in princess adolescents. The second meeting with a demonstration of how to overcome menstrual pain/ disminore in princess adolescents. The results of devotion show that there is an increase in knowledge about menstrual pain/ disminore and knowing and understanding how to manage menstrual pain / disminore. Keywords: disminore, menstruation, princess adolescents

Differential Drug Target Selection in Blood Coagulation: What can we get from Computational Systems Biology Models?

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (18) ◽  
pp. 2109-2115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikhail A. Panteleev ◽  
Anna A. Andreeva ◽  
Alexey I. Lobanov
Keyword(s):  
Blood Coagulation ◽  
Biological Network ◽  
Target Selection ◽  
Anticoagulation Therapy ◽  
Differential Regulation ◽  
Coagulation Cascade ◽  
Computational Systems Biology ◽  
Analysis Strategies ◽  
Optimal Target ◽  
Computational Systems

Discovery and selection of the potential targets are some of the important issues in pharmacology. Even when all the reactions and the proteins in a biological network are known, how does one choose the optimal target? Here, we review and discuss the application of the computational methods to address this problem using the blood coagulation cascade as an example. The problem of correct antithrombotic targeting is critical for this system because, although several anticoagulants are currently available, all of them are associated with bleeding risks. The advantages and the drawbacks of different sensitivity analysis strategies are considered, focusing on the approaches that emphasize: 1) the functional modularity and the multi-tasking nature of this biological network; and 2) the need to normalize hemostasis during the anticoagulation therapy rather than completely suppress it. To illustrate this effect, we show the possibility of the differential regulation of lag time and endogenous thrombin potential in the thrombin generation. These methods allow to identify the elements in the blood coagulation cascade that may serve as the targets for the differential regulation of this system.

PROPHYLACTIC BILATERAL INTERNAL ILIAC ARTERY LIGATION, IN PREVENTION OF PPH, IN A CASE OF MULTIPLE LARGE INTRA MURAL FIBROIDS

2021 ◽  
pp. 83-84
Author(s):  
Aditi Gaiwal ◽  
Devdatta Dabholkar
Keyword(s):  
Blood Loss ◽  
Clinical Diagnosis ◽  
Iliac Artery ◽  
Postpartum Haemorrhage ◽  
Internal Iliac Artery ◽  
Artery Ligation ◽  
Internal Iliac Artery Ligation ◽  
Internal Iliac ◽  
Excessive Blood Loss

Postpartum haemorrhage is dened as a blood loss of more than 500ml after delivery of the placenta. It is a clinical diagnosis that encompasses excessive blood loss after delivery of the baby from a variety of sites: uterus, cervix, 1 vagina and perineum

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document