scholarly journals Problems of customs control over the movement of hazardous waste across the customs border of the Eurasian Economic Union

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 537-553
Author(s):  
Tatiana M. Vorotyntseva
Keyword(s):  
International Law ◽  
Hazardous Waste ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Environmental Crisis ◽  
Hazardous Wastes ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Eurasian Economic Union ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Economic Union

Hazardous waste is a trigger of the environmental crisis, especially at the stage of increasing production and consumption of goods, leading to a significant increase in industrial waste and its movement across customs borders. The cross-border movement of hazardous waste is controlled by the state, customs authorities are entrusted with the tasks of protecting national security, human life and health, animal and plant life, the environment, including protection against the illegal import of hazardous waste. The transboundary movement of hazardous wastes is carried out within the framework of the permissive procedure. Such a unified licensing procedure has also been adopted in the EAEU with respect to the import into the customs territory, transit, export from the customs territory of dangerous wastes. This procedure assumes that the declarant submits to an official of the authorized body a license of the Ministry of Industry and Trade of the Russian Federation or a permit for the transboundary movement of hazardous waste of the Federal Service for Supervision of Environmental Management. However, despite the efforts of the international community in the fight against hazardous waste, the dynamics of illegal movement of certain types of waste continues to grow, which indicates the existence of a number of unresolved problems. In the course of the study, the conceptual and categorical apparatus in the field of hazardous waste is analyzed, the main provisions of the procedure for moving this category of goods across the customs border of the EAEU are considered. The basis for national legislation in terms of the conceptual apparatus and regulation of the transboundary movement of hazardous wastes through the customs territory of the EAEU is the norms of international law, while a comparative analysis confirms the ambiguity of their recognition and classification in the EAEU member states. The analysis of the dynamics of the movement of hazardous waste, including used pneumatic tires and tires, showed that every year the problems of environmental protection become more acute. As a result of the study, specific problems in the field of transboundary movement of hazardous wastes were identified and recommendations for their solution were given.

scholarly journals Organizational, Legal and Methodological Issues of Forensic Ecology in the EAEU Countries

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 122-129
Author(s):  
N. V. Mikhaleva
Keyword(s):  
Anthropogenic Impact ◽  
Methodological Issues ◽  
Mutual Exchange ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Environmental Objects ◽  
Eurasian Economic Union ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Economic Union ◽  
The Republic

The article addresses the current state of forensic ecology in the Republic of Kazakhstan, the Republic of Armenia, and the Republic of Belarus. The author has analyzed the relevant publications and the data of the official websites of forensic organizations conducting this type of forensic examination. The article presents the methods used by forensic ecologists, highlights the problems they face.The paper also reveals the unequal level of forensic ecology in Kazakhstan, Armenia, and Belarus; simultaneously, it shows that the need for its improvement is recognized in all these countries. Finally, the author notes that for such a development, mutual exchange of experience is essential, as well as the validation of methodological materials developed primarily in the Republic of Kazakhstan and the Russian Federation, with a view to their application in other countries of the Eurasian Economic Union, especially when conducting forensic examinations in cases related to the cross-border negative anthropogenic impact on environmental objects.

Customs regulation of cross-border e-commerce in the Russian Federation in the modern world

2021 ◽  
pp. 15-21
Author(s):  
K. O. Staroverova
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Current System ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Eurasian Economic Union ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Economic Union

The article considers the current system of customs regulation of e-commerce in the Russian Federation and Eurasian Economic Union, projects of its amendment and possible consequences of these amendments.

scholarly journals International legal analysis of privileges and immunities of the Eurasian Economic Union (selected customs aspects)

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 676-692
Author(s):  
Natalia A. Vorontsova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
International Law ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Vienna Convention ◽  
Diplomatic Relations ◽  
Legal Analysis ◽  
International Treaties ◽  
Legal Norms ◽  
Eurasian Economic Union ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Economic Union

International treaties on both general and special issues, adopted at the universal, regional and bilateral levels, provide a variety of legal mechanisms for the cooperation of States in one of the branches of international law — international customs law. Here there is a very specific set of international legal norms, of course, corresponding to general international law and at the same time introducing its own characteristics. The article provides an analysis of the privileges and immunities that are within the competence of customs administrations. In particular, the author considers the so-called “customs privileges” provided to a certain category of persons in the Eurasian Economic Union (hereinafter referred to as EAEU or Union). The article analyzes the customs aspect of the EAEU law and the relevant provisions of the Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations of 1961 and the Vienna Convention on Consular Relations of 1963 regarding the procedure for granting privileges and immunities to certain categories of people, the movement of diplomatic mail and the consular bag. In addition, the practice of the Russian Federation on the above-mentioned issues is described. The relevance of the research topic is due to the adoption of the new EAEU Customs Code in 2017, which has undergone significant changes in terms of customs regulation of the provision of immunities and privileges for a certain category of persons, the legal analysis of which requires correlation with international standards in this field adopted earlier. The peculiarities of customs regulation within the framework of the EAEU, regarding the granting of immunities and privileges to certain categories of persons, are pointed out and adherence to their norms of international law is noted.

«Soft law» in the law of the Eurasian Ec onomic Union: place and possibility of challenging

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 35-42
Author(s):  
P.P. Myslivsky ◽  
◽  
I.N. Shchurova
Keyword(s):  
International Law ◽  
International Organizations ◽  
Soft Law ◽  
Binding Force ◽  
Eurasian Economic Union ◽  
Economic Commission ◽  
Economic Union ◽  
The Law

In international law, there are sources that do not formally have binding force, but may indicate the emergence of the opinio juris of states, as well as emerging practice. The Eurasian Economic Union also issues acts that are not formally binding: they are adopted by the Eurasian Economic Commission in the form of recommendations. In addition, the Union takes into account the recommendatory acts of other international organizations. At present, the practice of the EAEU Court indicates that this body takes into account “soft law” in the course of argumentation, but proceeds from the impossibility of challenging acts that are recommendations of the EEC. The authors give ways to establish the possibility of challenging the EEC recommendations in the EAEU Court.

scholarly journals Problems of the preliminary customs informing system and the introduction of the Single Window at the sea check points of the Russian Federation

2018 ◽  
Vol 239 ◽  
pp. 04004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Svetlana Maydanova ◽  
Igor Ilin
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
International Trade ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
International Organizations ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Eurasian Economic Union ◽  
Check Points ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Economic Union ◽  
National Governments

The Single Window concept in the international trade and logistics has been explored by international organizations and national governments over the last two decades. International standards and recommendations, government decisions on this approach are widespread today in both developed and developing countries. Similar decisions and legal acts were implemented during the last ten years by the Russian Federation, as a member of the Eurasian Economic Union. This article provides overview of the following coherent stage – the implementation of preliminary customs informing system at sea check points of the RF with concerns of the Single Window introduction.

LEGAL REGULATION OF CRYPTOCURRENCY MINING

2020 ◽  
pp. 13-20
Author(s):  
Pavel Samolysov ◽  
◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activity ◽  
Mining Equipment ◽  
Social Phenomena ◽  
Eurasian Economic Union ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Economic Union

Purpose and objectives: analysis of legal regulation of cryptocurrency mining in the Russian Federation and abroad, identification of problems and gaps in this area and development of proposals aimed at their resolution. Scientific significance: the article reveals the current state and established doctrinal approaches to the legal regulation of cryptocurrency mining in Russia. For the first time, the necessity of strengthening and developing state regulation of mining is substantiated. The main attention in the article is paid to the system of legal regulation of the process of creating cryptocurrencies in the territory of the Russian Federation, taking into account the law of the Eurasian Economic Union. Methods: a dialectical approach to the cognition of social phenomena, allowing them to be analyzed in their historical development and functioning in the context of a set of objective and subjective factors, which determined the choice of the following research methods: formal logical, comparative legal, sociological, which allowed the author to ensure the reliability and validity of the conclusions. Key findings: The legal vacuum in the regulation of mining acts as a serious inhibiting factor at the current stage of its improvement and often itself becomes an offense. At the same time, cryptocurrency mining is one of the new types of entrepreneurial activity, in connection with which in the near future it is necessary to introduce state regulation of cryptocurrency mining in the Russian Federation, for which it is necessary: to develop a law regulating the organization and implementation of the production of cryptocurrencies using cryptographic algorithms; to supplement the classifier of the main type of carried out economic activity with a new type of activity — mining; to create a unified electronic register of crypto farms operating on the territory of the Russian Federation; supplement the existing legislation of the Russian Federation and the Eurasian Economic Union with the norms regulating the import of mining equipment. Thus, the important results of the study are: the development of the problems posed, which for a long time remained outside the attention of specialists, as well as the significant novelty of the factual material introduced into circulation.

scholarly journals Differences between the European and Eurasian Good Pharmacovigilance Practices

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 75-84
Author(s):  
A. V. Matveev ◽  
A. E. Krasheninnikov ◽  
E. A. Matveeva ◽  
B. K. Romanov
Keyword(s):  
Marketing Authorisation ◽  
European Medicines Agency ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Current Version ◽  
Eurasian Economic Union ◽  
Expert Analysis ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Economic Union ◽  
Systems Effectiveness ◽  
The Eu

Good pharmacovigilance practices (GVP) of the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) were prepared based on the GVP of the European Medicines Agency that have been in force in the European Union (EU) since 2012. The EAEU GVP have been in force in the Russian Federation and the other EAEU member states since 2016. It is important to identify potential differences between the current regulations in order to harmonise requirements for the pharmacovigilance systems in the EU and EAEU. The aim of the study was to analyse and compare GVP requirements in the EU and EAEU. The analysis helped to identify differences in the structure and contents of GVP sections, the definitions of terms (EU GVP definitions are more detailed and supported by examples, subsections, and references to other documents). Moreover, supplements and annexes to the EU GVP contain figures, templates, examples, algorithms, and tables, which are missing in the EAEU GVP. Expert analysis of these differences as applied to assessment of the pharmacovigilance systems’ effectiveness, and practical activities of marketing authorisation holders, medicine developers, and regulatory authorities, demonstrated that the two GVPs are sufficiently harmonised and have very few differences. However, the number of differences between the documents increases, as changes are made to the EU GVP. A more comprehensive harmonisation of the EAEU GVP with the current version of the EU GVP will make it possible to develop and use uniform pharmacovigilance documents in the EU and EAEU, and will facilitate the introduction of EAEU medicines into the global pharmaceutical market.

scholarly journals Cross-border territories development as an indicator of the integration processes effectiveness

Upravlenie ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 113-122
Author(s):  
I. V. Mishchenko ◽  
E. G. Shustova ◽  
I. V. Milkina
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Clusters ◽  
Tourist Destinations ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Eurasian Economic Union ◽  
Trade Turnover ◽  
East Kazakhstan ◽  
Integration Effect ◽  
Economic Union ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Impact

The development of cross-border territories and the impact of integration processes on them has been considered in the article. The creation of the Eurasian Economic Union becomes an impetus for the development of both the member states of the organization and their individual territories. This integration formation is relatively young, but today it creates a common market for the movement of goods, services, labor and capital. That is the cross-border territories, as bridges between countries, which feel the effect of the processes taking place in the common economic space: the trade turnover between the countries increases, as well as the inflow of investment and labor.The study is aimed at identifying the effect of integration processes on the development of two cross – border areas-Altai territory (Russian Federation) and East Kazakhstan region (Republic of Kazakhstan). The analysis showed, that the mutual trade turnover has increased between the countries and these territories; there is a good foundation for the development of cooperation in production. However, other indicators of socio-economic development have a negative trend. The outflow of population from these territories continues. The territories do not attract a significant amount of investment.The measures to increase the attractiveness of the Altai territory and East Kazakhstan region within the Eurasian Economic Union have been offered: strengthening production ties through the creation of industrial clusters; the inclusion of territories in the implementation of the project “economic belt of the silk road”; the use of the natural potential of the territories for the creation and development of joint tourist destinations. The measures proposed in the article will strengthen cooperation between cross-border territories, create favorable conditions for increasing the integration effect in these territories, developing infrastructure and cooperating in the main sectors of the border countries, strengthening financial ties and attracting investment.

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