scholarly journals Genetic study of terminal heat stress in indigenous collections of Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L.) germplasm

2022 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 161-169
Author(s):  
H.K. Sharma ◽  
◽  
V.V. Singh ◽  
A. Kumar ◽  
H.S. Meena ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Indian Mustard ◽  
Zone Length ◽  
Terminal Heat Stress ◽  
Heat Tolerant ◽  
Selection Of

Aim: The present study was carried out to evaluate 145 genotypes of Indian mustard for terminal heat stress under late sown irrigated conditions. Methodology: One hundred and forty five genotypes of Indian mustard were evaluated for terminal heat tolerance, along with six checks in augmented block design. The effect of heat stress was assessed on different agro-morphological traits. Data were recorded on five randomly selected plants for 12 different quantitative traits for each genotype. Results: Terminal heat stress caused significant reduction in performance of all traits, except oil content and fruiting zone length. Seed yield per plant showed highest reduction (33.92%) followed by 1000-seed weight (21.28%). Thousand-seed weight and secondary branches per plant were found associated with seed yield under late sown conditions. Based on yield under stress, yield index, geometric mean productivity and stress tolerance indices, five lines viz., DRMR-59, DRMR-2094, DRMR-2129, DRMR-2071, DRMR-2136 were identified as high yielding and terminal heat stress tolerant. Whereas, based on heat stress susceptibility index, DRMR-1347, DRMR-1154, DRMR-1190 were top performing lines tolerant to terminal heat stress. Interpretation: Selection of high yielding lines under stress condition can be done using correlated traits. Yield under stress was found significantly correlated with YSI, YI, MP, STI and GMP suggesting to use these indices for selection of high yielding and heat tolerant lines. However, further re-validation is very much needed for effective use of these indices for selection of heat tolerant lines in Indian mustard.

scholarly journals Genetic Analysis of Some Genotypes of Indian Mustard (Brassica juncea L.) for Yield and Yield Attributing Traits

2021 ◽  
pp. 51-60
Author(s):  
A. M. Pradhan ◽  
M. Roy Choudhury ◽  
A. Sawarkar ◽  
S. Das
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Indian Mustard ◽  
Correlation Study ◽  
Biotic And Abiotic Stress ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
Positive Direct

The current investigation was carried out to examine the selection criteria for yield improvement in selected genotypes of Indian mustard. Twenty-four genotypes of Indian mustard were evaluated for seed yield and yield attributing characters with randomized block design with three replications. The analysis of variance showed significant differences among all the 24 genotypes against all the characters. The phenotypic and genotypic coefficient of variation were higher for most of the traits like seed yield per plant, number of secondary branches per plant and number of siliquae per plant. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance in percent of mean was registered for number of siliquae per plant, number of primary and secondary branches per plant, plant height, 1000 seed weight, siliqua length per plant and seed yield per plant suggesting predominant role of additive gene action for expression of these traits. The correlation study revealed that seed yield per plant was positively and significantly correlated with number of primary and secondary branches per plant, number of siliquae per plant, siliqua length per plant and 1000 seed weight at both phenotypic and genotypic level. The traits namely, number of secondary branches per plant recorded as highest positive direct effect followed by number of seeds per siliqua, number of siliquae per plant and plant height. Therefore, they may be carried out further evaluation in multilocational trials, biotic and abiotic stress like environmental conditions to check their stability and adaptability.

scholarly journals Combining ability analysis for seed yield and its attributes in Indian mustard [Brassica juncea (L.) Czern and Coss]

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 319-323
Author(s):  
D.A. PATEL ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Indian Mustard ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
Number Of Seeds ◽  
Number Of Branches

The experimental material comprised of forty eight genotypes consisting of five Mori based CMS lines and seven Mori based fertile lines crossed in line x tester mating design. The resultant thirty five hybrids along with their twelve parents and standard check (GDM 4) were evaluated in randomized block design at Castor-Mustard Research Station, Sardarkrushinagar Dantiwada Agricultural University, Sardarkrushinagar during, rabi 2018-2019. The analysis of variance for combining ability revealed that variance due to gca was significant for all the characters except number of seeds per siliqua, seed yield per plant and 1000 seed weight. Whereas, variance due to sca was significant for all the traits. This indicates significant contribution of hybrids for specific combining ability variance component. The ratio of σ2gca/σ2sca below than unity for days to maturity, siliqua length, number of seeds per siliqua, seed yield per plant, 1000 seed weight and oil content which suggested greater role of non-additive gene action in the inheritance of these traits. Among the parents, female SKM 9928 and Kranti were good general combiner for seed yield per plant, total number of branches per plant and total number of siliquae per plant. Whereas, male parent Mori 'R' 1-18 was good general combiner for seed yield per plant, total number of branches per plant and total number of siliquae per plant. Best three hybrids which possessed significant positive SCA effects for seed yield per plant were SKM 301 x SKM 303, SKM 9928 x Pusa Agrani and Kranti x Mori ‘R’ 1-18.

Identification of Indices for Empirical Selection of Dolichos Bean [Lablab purpureus (L.) Var. Lignosus] Genotypes for Tolerance to Terminal Moisture Stress

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Balaraju Susmitha ◽  
S. Ramesh
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Moisture Stress ◽  
Lablab Purpureus ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Two Indices ◽  
Drought Tolerance Indices ◽  
Selection Of

Background: Detection and quantification of variability among germplasm accessions/segregating populations/advance breeding lines is a pre-requisite (among others) for breeding crop plants for drought tolerance. Indices that integrate yield under moisture stress free (MSF) and moisture stress (MS) have been developed and used for screening and selection of moisture stress tolerant genotypes in several crops. The present study was aimed at identifying desirable indices from among those reported for screening and selection of terminal moisture stress (TMS) tolerant genotypes. Methods: Two experiments were conducted at experimental fields of Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, University of Agricultural Sciences Bengaluru during 2017 post rainy season. The first experiment consisted of 33 genotypes which included 31 selected genotypes from F3 populations and two released varieties. The second experiment consisted of 13 genotypes which included 5 advanced breeding lines, 2 released varieties and 6 land races. The genotypes of both the experiments were evaluated for dry seed yield under two moisture regimes (MR), namely, MSF and TMS environments in separate trials following Randomized Block Design. Conclusion: Based on the criterion of significant correlation of indices with dry seed yield under both MSF and TMS environments, two indices namely, mean productivity (MP) and geometric mean productivity (GMP) were found desirable to identify TMS tolerant genotypes of both the experiments. Based on rank mean of the two indices, two F3 selections and one released variety from first experiment; four landraces, one advanced breeding line and one released variety from second experiment were found TMS tolerant.

scholarly journals Correlation and Path Analysis in Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)

Helia ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 38 (63) ◽  
pp. 201-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Biljana Gjorgjieva ◽  
Ilija Karov ◽  
Sasa Mitrev ◽  
Natalija Markova Ruzdik ◽  
Emilija Kostadinovska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Path Analysis ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Oleic Acid Content ◽  
Seed Length ◽  
Correlation And Path Analysis ◽  
Positive Direct ◽  
Selection Of

AbstractThis study was carried out to determine the correlation between agronomic traits and seed yield of sunflower hybrids and also to determine the direct and indirect effects of analyzed traits on seed yield. The primary task in sunflower breeding programs is to increase the seed yield, as well as create new hybrids with high potential for seed and oil yield. The experiment was set up according to randomized block design during two growing seasons (2013 and 2014), on research area of the Faculty of Agriculture, “Goce Delchev” University – Shtip, in Ovche Pole locality, Republic of Macedonia. As an experimental material 20 sunflower hybrids were used. 1,000 seed weight, seed length and width, oil content, oleic acid content and seed yield were analyzed. 1,000 seed weight showed positive and significant correlation with seed width, seed length and seed yield. On the other hand, negative and significant correlation was obtained between 1,000 seed weight and oil content. 1,000 seed weight expressed the highest positive direct effect on seed yield. The results obtained from correlation and path analysis showed that the efficiency in the selection of seed yield in sunflower hybrids should increased through the selection of 1,000 seed weight.

scholarly journals Selection indices for enhanced selection efficiency in Indian mustard under terminal heat stress conditions

2020 ◽  
Vol 80 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Surinder K. Sandhu ◽  
Pritpal Singh ◽  
Jasneet Kaur ◽  
Manpreet Singh ◽  
Karanveer Kaur
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Selection Index ◽  
Indian Mustard ◽  
Significant Loss ◽  
C3 Plant ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Selection Indices ◽  
Terminal Heat Stress ◽  
Efficiency Of Selection

With global increase in temperature, terminal heat stress (THS) has emerged as a major challenge in food crops. Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L. Czern and Coss), C3 plant, grows well at 15-20°C. Heat stress at seedling as well as at flowering stage leads to enhanced vegetative growth and flower abortion leading to loss in seed yield. Late sowing after cotton and rice harvest expose the crop to high temperature stress during reproductive stage of development. A fixed diversity stock of 486 Indian mustard lines were evaluated under delayed planting conditions to expose the crop to THS for two consecutive years. Selection indices were computed using four different combinations of traits via Kang_SAS Path computer program along with expected genetic advance (GA) at 5% selection intensity. Set1, comprised of five traits viz., plant height (PH), number of secondary branches (NSB), number of siliquae on main shoot (NSMS), seed yield (SY) and 1000-seed weight (TSW) were recorded the highest GA (8.612) in comparison to other trait combinations tested in present study. Other important finding was slight difference in GA of set I (8.612; SY included) and set II (8.599; SY excluded) with efficiency of selection index 131% and 130%, respectively. This recommended that in initial breeding generations (F2/F3), a breeder may base his selection on four yield related traits (PH, NSB, NSMS and TSW) only without significant loss in genetic gains. This will save resources and time of breeders to compute seed yield. This is the first report on computation of selection index for efficient simultaneous selection under THS in Indian mustard.

scholarly journals Effect of Nitrogen Fertilizer and Fruit Positions on Fruit and Seed Yields of Okro (Abelmoschus Esculentus L. Moench)

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
Y. Zubairu ◽  
J. A. Oladiran ◽  
O. A. Osunde ◽  
U. Ismaila
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Mother Plant ◽  
Nitrogen Levels ◽  
N Level ◽  
University Of Technology ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Cropping Seasons ◽  
Seed Yields

Study was conducted in 2006 and 2007 cropping seasons at the experimental field of Federal University of Technology, Minna (9o 401N and 6o 301E), in the Southern Guinea Savanna of Nigeria to determine the effects of N fertilizer and the fruit positions on fruit and seed yield of okro. The treatment comprised factorial combination of five nitrogen levels (0, 30, 60, 90 and 120 kg/ha) and five fruit positions on a mother-plant (3, 5, 7, 9 and 10) which were replicated three times and laid in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD). The results indicated that significant taller plants were recorded in the plots that received 120 kg N/ha while shorter plants were recorded in plots that received 0 N/ha in both years of the study. The higher N level of 120 kg/ha and lower fruit position of 3 significantly gave higher number of fruit yield while the yield decreased with decrease in N level and increase in fruit position on the mother-plant. Similarly, heavier fruits were recorded in lower fruit positions and higher N levels. The fruits formed at the lower position 3 and 5 produced more seeds with higher seed weight than those formed at the higher positions. The results also showed that significantly higher seed yield was recorded at N level of 120 kg/ha ?.

scholarly journals Impact of foliar nutrient sprays, crop and spatial manipulation on seed yield of Callistephus chinensis (L.) Nees

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-127
Author(s):  
Muneeb Ahmad Wani ◽  
Ambreena Din ◽  
FU Khan ◽  
Raiz Ahmed Lone ◽  
Gazanfer Gani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Planting Density ◽  
Apical Bud ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Foliar Nutrient ◽  
Plant Densities ◽  
China Aster

An attempt was made to study the effect of pinching, plant densities and foliar nutrient sprays on seed yield and quality parameters in China aster cv. Powder puff. The experiment comprised of two levels of pinching (P0 = No pinching, P1 = Pinching), three planting densities (D1 = 30 plants m-2, D2 = 36 plants m-2 and D3 = 42 plants m-2) and three levels of commercial nutrient sprays (S1= 3 sprays, S2= 4 sprays and S3 = 5 sprays), constituting a total of 18 treatment combinations replicated thrice in randomized complete block design (RCBD). Pinching at visible bud stage, significantly increased 1000 seed weight (2.18 g) and seed yield (490.85 kg/ha), Increasing the planting density resulted in increased seed yield (485.55 kg/ha) and 1000 seed weight (2.05 g). On the other hand, 4 and 5 nutrient sprays significantly improved seed yield (463.12 kg/ha-) and 1000 seed weight (1.95 g). The results from the study suggest that increased branching with apical bud removal, wider planting space and 4 to 5 foliar applications of multi-nutrient sprays, significantly improves seed yield and quality attributes of transplanted China aster. While suggesting the best combination of pinching, spacing and nutrient sprays, the economics of flower production was duly considered.

Field Evaluation of Heat Stress-Resilient Maize Hybrids for Improved and Stable Maize Production in Nepal

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-43
Author(s):  
KB Koirala ◽  
MP Tripathi ◽  
K Seetharam ◽  
MT Vinayan ◽  
PH Zaidi
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Field Evaluation ◽  
Maize Production ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Climate Change Effects ◽  
Self Sufficiency ◽  
Heat Tolerant ◽  
Hybrid Maize ◽  
A Site

In recent years, National Maize Research Program (NMRP) aimed a paradigm shift from open-pollinated varieties (OPVs) towards hybrid maize to achieve self-sufficiency in maize for food, feed, and hybrid seed within the country. In this mission, it is necessary to identify and deploy high-yielding stress-resilient maize hybrids that can cope with climate change effects, including heat stress. Under the project “Heat Tolerant Maize for Asia (HTMA)”, NMRP introduced the hybrids that performed better in previous years in different environments from International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT) Hyderabad for multilocation on-farm testing. Fifteen genotypes were evaluated at two locations, two sites in Madi, Chitwan, and one in Ghorahi, Dang, along with Rampur Hybrid-8 as a heat-tolerant check, and RML-86/RML-96 and RML-95/RML-96 as normal checks. Randomized complete block design (RCBD) was used with three replicates during the spring of 2016/17. Likewise, another 20 and 18 promising hybrids were demonstrated during the winter of 2016/17 and 2017/18, respectively, in different hybrid growing pockets considering a site – a replication. Grain yield and yield attributing traits at all locations were recorded. From the across-site data analysis, selected heat-tolerant hybrids from the experiment were CAH1432, ZH15405, ZH141592, and CAH1715 which were statistically at par with promising normal hybrid RML-86/RML-96 and superior to already released heat-tolerant Rampur Hybrid-8. In 2016/17, ZH138098, ZH1620, and VH121062 were farmers’ preferred heat-tolerant hybrids. In 2017/18, Rampur Hybrid-10, ZH141592, CAH1715, and ZH15440 were preferred by farmers. The selected bestbet are taken forward for official release/registration followed by commercialization through a public-private partnership with Nepali seed companies/cooperatives. SAARC J. Agric., 19(1): 27-43 (2021)

scholarly journals Effects of nitrogen fertilisation and irrigation on seed yield and yield components of signal grass (Urochloa decumbens)

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 294 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. W. Canto ◽  
E. J. Pancera ◽  
A. Barth Neto ◽  
C. Bremm ◽  
P. U. Vier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Application Rate ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilisation ◽  
Combined Application ◽  
Urochloa Decumbens ◽  
Signal Grass

The effects of nitrogen (N) fertiliser rate and irrigation on seed yield and its components were evaluated for signal grass (Urochloa decumbens (Stapf) R.D. Webster; syn. of Brachiaria decumbens Stapf) cv. Basilisk in a field experiment in Umuarama, Paraná, Brazil. Two water regimes (irrigated and non-irrigated) and four nitrogen (N) fertiliser rates (0, 25, 50 and 75 kg ha–1) were applied to perennial signal grass crops in a split-plot randomised complete block design with three replications. In two consecutive harvests, favourable rainfall resulted in irrigation having limited influence on most measurements, and the combined application of irrigation and N fertiliser did not improve seed yield. Compared with the nil N, the highest N application rate significantly increased seed yield for the first crop (266 vs 498 kg ha–1) and the second crop (104 vs 286 kg ha–1). Nitrogen fertilisation significantly increased number of seed per area, reproductive tiller density and plant biomass at harvest for the first and second crops. Harvest index, 1000-seed weight, reproductive tiller weight, number of spikelets per panicle and number of seeds per panicle were unaffected by N rate. Harvest index ranged from 1.10% to 3.63% and 1000-seed weight from 2.15 to 3.36 g. There were no treatment effects on number of days to flowering or anthesis. Fertilisation with 75 kg N ha–1 for the first crop and 50–75 kg N ha–1 for the second crop maximised signal grass seed yield.

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