scholarly journals Contested Spaces, Shared Concerns

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-191
Author(s):  
Sarah Stutts ◽  
Kenneth Saintonge ◽  
Nicholas Jordan ◽  
Christina Wasson

Roadways are sociocultural spaces constructed for human travel which embody intersections of technology, transportation, and culture. In order to navigate these spaces successfully, autonomous vehicles must be able to respond to the needs and practices of those who use the road. We conducted research on how cyclists, solid waste truck drivers, and crossing guards experience the driving behaviors of other road users, to inform the development of autonomous vehicles. We found that the roadways were contested spaces, with each road user group enacting their own social constructions of the road. Furthermore, the three groups we worked with all felt marginalized by comparison with car drivers, who were ideologically and often physically dominant on the road. This article is based on research for the Nissan Research Center - Silicon Valley, which took place as part of a Design Anthropology course at the University of North Texas.

2021 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Jacob Adedayo Adedeji ◽  
Xoliswa Feikie

Road traffic fatality is rated as one of the ten causes of death in the world and with various preventive measures on a global level, this prediction is only placed on flat terrain and didn’t reduce. Nevertheless, road users’ communication is an essential key to traffic safety. This communication, be it formal or informal between the road users is an important factor for smooth traffic flow and safety. Communication language on roads can be categorized into; formal device-based signal (formal signal), formal hand signal (formal signal), informal device-based signal (informal signal), and informal gesture-based signal (everyday signal). However, if the intent of the message conveys is not properly understood by the other road user, mistakes and errors may set in. Overall, the formal signal is based on explicit learning which occurs during the driving training and the license testing process and the informal, implicit learning occur during the actual driving process on the road unintentionally. Furthermore, since the informal signal is not a prerequisite to driving or taught in driving schools, novice drivers are clueless and thus, might have contributed to errors and mistakes which leads to traffic fatalities. Therefore, this study seeks to document the informal means of communication between drivers on South African roads. Consequently, a qualitative semi-structured interview questionnaire would be used in the collection of informal signals, which were predominantly used on South African roads from driving instructors and thereafter, a focus group of passengers’ car, commercial and truck drivers will be used to validate the availability and their understanding of these informal signals using a Likert-type scale for the confidence level. In conclusion, the information gathered from this study will help improve road safety and understanding of road users especially drivers on the necessity of communication and possible adaptation for other developing countries.


2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-192
Author(s):  
Shintya Kurnia Beti F ◽  
Dianita Putri Oktavia D

AbstractAn analysis of the rights of road users in Gresikan Market where traders sell to eat the highway, causing congestion and causing motorists to feel disturbed. The congestion comes from buyers who park their vehicles not neatly and by chance, and also caused by traders selling too far into the highway. Not only this cause, this research also provides suggestions for roads around Gresikan Market so that they do not continue to cause congestion on the highway. This research was conducted on traders in Gresikan Market and buyers as well as the police or Satpol PP. With the results of the study will show how the opinions of traders and buyers who cause congestion on the road. This study aims to determine the main consequences of congestion that occurs on the highway around Gresik Market which makes road users or motorists feel disturbed, it also cannot be separated from the security side, namely Satpol PP. From the discussion carried out, it can be concluded that Gresikan Market is actually not feasible in any way because of the less extensive land and lack of security because there are many criminal acts of motorcycle theft when the buyer parks and forgets the key. sometimes the sellers are also visited and warned by the Satpol PP for selling the shoulder of the road. But apart from this, actually the traders who have sold in Gresikan Market already have special land to sell but the perpetrators admit that they are reluctant to sell the land because they feel that their merchandise is not and the traders already have customers in Gresikan Market.Keywords: road user rights, traffic jam, marketAbstrakAnalisa mengenai hak pengguna jalan di Pasar Gresikan yang mana para pedagang berjualan hingga memakan bahu jalan raya, sehingga menyebabkan kemacetan dan menyebabkan para pengendara merasa terganggu.Rupanya, kemacetan tersebut berasal dari para pembeli yang memarkir kendaraan tidak rapi dan sembarangan, dan juga disebabkan karena pedagang berjualan terlalu maju hingga ke jalan raya.Bukan hanya penyebab tersebut adanya penelitian ini juga menyajikan saran untuk jalan di sekitar Pasar Gresikan agar tidak terus-menerus menyebabkan kemacetan di jalan raya. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada para pedagang di Pasar Gresikan dan para pembeli serta polisi atau Satpol PP. Dengan hasil penelitian akan menunjukkan bagaimana pendapat para pedagang dan pembeli yang mengakibatkan kemacetan di jalan tersebut. Penelitian ini dilakukan guna mengetahui dan mempelajari akibat utama timbulnya kemacetan yang terjadi di jalan raya sekitar Pasar Gresikan yang membuat para pengguna jalan atau para pengendara merasa terganggu, hal itu pula tak lepas dari peran para pihak keamanan yaitu Satpol PP. Dari pembahasan yang dilakukan dapat menarik kesimpulan bahwa Pasar Gresikan sebenarnya tidak layak dari segi apapun karena lahan yang kurang luas dan keamanan yang kurang pula karena banyak terjadi tindak kriminal pencurian motorsaat pembeli memarkir dan lupa mencabut kunci. Terkadang para penjual juga didatangi dan diperingatkan oleh Satpol PP karena berjualan memakan bahu jalan.Namun terlepas dari hal tersebut sebenarnya para pedagang yang berjualan di Pasar Gresikan sudah diberi lahan khusus untuk berjualan namun para pedagang mengaku enggan berjualan di lahan tersebut karena merasa dagangannya tidak laku dan para pedagang tersebut sudah memiliki langganan di Pasar Gresikan.


2021 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Jacob Adedayo Adedeji ◽  
Xoliswa E Feikie

Road traffic fatality is rated as one of the ten causes of death in the world and with various preventive measures on a global level, this prediction is only placed on flat terrain and didn’t reduce. Nevertheless, road users’ communication is an essential key to traffic safety. This communication, be it formal or informal between the road users is an important factor for smooth traffic flow and safety. Communication language on roads can be categorized into; formal device-based signal (formal signal), formal hand signal (formal signal), informal device-based signal (informal signal), and informal gesture-based signal (everyday signal). However, if the intent of the message conveys is not properly understood by the other road user, mistakes and errors may set in. Overall, the formal signal is based on explicit learning which occurs during the driving training and the license testing process and the informal, implicit learning occur during the actual driving process on the road unintentionally. Furthermore, since the informal signal is not a prerequisite to driving or taught in driving schools, novice drivers are clueless and thus, might have contributed to errors and mistakes which leads to traffic fatalities. Therefore, this study seeks to document the informal means of communication between drivers on South African roads. Consequently, a qualitative semi-structured interview questionnaire would be used in the collection of informal signals, which were predominantly used on South African roads from driving instructors and thereafter, a focus group of passengers’ car, commercial and truck drivers will be used to validate the availability and their understanding of these informal signals using a Likert-type scale for the confidence level. In conclusion, the information gathered from this study will help improve road safety and understanding of road users especially drivers on the necessity of communication and possible adaptation for other developing countries.


Author(s):  
Simon Roberts

The CoDRIVE solution builds on R&D in the development of connected and autonomous vehicles (CAVs). The mainstay of the system is a low-cost GNSS receiver integrated with a MEMS grade IMU powered with CoDRIVE algorithms and high precision data processing software. The solution integrates RFID (radio-frequency identification) localisation information derived from tags installed in the roads around the University of Nottingham. This aids the positioning solution by correcting the long-term drift of inertial navigation technology in the absence of GNSS. The solution is informed of obscuration of GNSS through city models of skyview and elevation masks derived from 360-degree photography. The results show that predictive intelligence of the denial of GNSS and RFID aiding realises significant benefits compared to the inertial only solution. According to the validation, inertial only solutions drift over time, with an overall RMS accuracy over a 300 metres section of GNSS outage of 10 to 20 metres. After deploying the RFID tags on the road, experiments show that the RFID aided algorithm is able to constrain the maximum error to within 3.76 metres, and with 93.9% of points constrained to 2 metres accuracy overall.


2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A Wahab Sholeh A.S ◽  
Atik Wahyuni

The city of Surabaya is one of the major cities in Indonesia and is the capital of East Java Province, with a total population of 2,765,487 based on the Surabaya City Statistics Center 2018. With increasing population, ownership of private vehicles and activities on the highway will also increase. more dense and certainly can cause traffic accidents. The purpose of this research was to find out the characteristics of road users and the effect of the level of accidents on the road Dr. Ir. H. Soekarno Surabaya. The factors reviewed from this study are the characteristics of road users based on Age, Profession, Driver Factors, Vehicle Factors and Road Infrastructure Factors. To find out whether Dr. Ir. H. Soekarno is a road with a Black Spot area, so the Accident Rate method is used for this study to determine the accident rate based on the Black Spot area. From the results of accident analysis based on the characteristics of the road user Dr. Ir. H. Soekarno, the highest factor as the main cause of traffic accidents is caused by Drivers with speeding conditions and vulnerable drivers aged 16-30 years. And based on the accident rate method get the highest yield of 12.74 accidents / km. Year and included in the black spot area with an accident rate >1.0. The number of traffic violations and traffic accident victims on the road Dr. Ir. H. Soekarno during 2018 there were 61 traffic accidents which resulted in 7 casualties died, 7 accident victims suffered serious injuries and 73 accident victims suffered minor injuries.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brenhard Mangatur Tampubolon

Safety on the road is an important consideration for every road user. There are various kinds of traffic signs that are can be employed, all of which are intended to discipline road users and improve their safety. However, Indonesian drivers frequently ignore these safety signs. This is particularly significant given the growing volume of vehicles in Indonesia – and as the number of vehicles has increased so has the number of accidents. This study uses quantitative research methods to explore this correlation and consider the consequences. Keywords: Safety Aspects, Accident, Traffic


Author(s):  
Simon Roberts ◽  
Xiaolin Meng ◽  
Chang Xu ◽  
Xinao Wang ◽  
Yijiian Cui ◽  
...  

The CoDRIVE solution builds on R&D in the development of connected and autonomous vehicles (CAVs). The mainstay of the system is a low-cost GNSS receiver integrated with a MEMS grade IMU powered with CoDRIVE algorithms and high precision data processing software. The solution integrates RFID (radio-frequency identification) localisation information derived from tags installed in the roads around the University of Nottingham. This aids the positioning solution by correcting the long-term drift of inertial navigation technology in the absence of GNSS. The solution is informed of obscuration of GNSS through city models of skyview and elevation masks derived from 360-degree photography. The results show that predictive intelligence of the denial of GNSS and RFID aiding realises significant benefits compared to the inertial only solution. According to the validation, inertial only solutions drift over time, with an overall RMS accuracy over a 300 metres section of GNSS outage of 10 to 20 metres. After deploying the RFID tags on the road, experiments show that the RFID aided algorithm is able to constrain the maximum error to within 3.76 metres, and with 93.9% of points constrained to 2 metres accuracy overall.


2021 ◽  
pp. 030631272110387
Author(s):  
Chris Tennant ◽  
Jack Stilgoe

The ideal of the self-driving car replaces an error-prone human with an infallible, artificially intelligent driver. This narrative of autonomy promises liberation from the downsides of automobility, even if that means taking control away from autonomous, free-moving individuals. We look behind this narrative to understand the attachments that so-called ‘autonomous’ vehicles (AVs) are likely to have to the world. Drawing on 50 interviews with AV developers, researchers and other stakeholders, we explore the social and technological attachments that stakeholders see inside the vehicle, on the road and with the wider world. These range from software and hardware to the behaviours of other road users and the material, social and economic infrastructure that supports driving and self-driving. We describe how innovators understand, engage with or seek to escape from these attachments in three categories: ‘brute force’, which sees attachments as problems to be solved with more data, ‘solve the world one place at a time’, which sees attachments as limits on the technology’s reach and ‘reduce the complexity of the space’, which sees attachments as solutions to the problems encountered by technology developers. Understanding attachments provides a powerful way to anticipate various possible constitutions for the technology.


Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1021
Author(s):  
Teck Kai Chan ◽  
Cheng Siong Chin

With the concept of Internet-of-Things, autonomous vehicles can provide higher driving efficiency, traffic safety, and freedom for the driver to perform other tasks. This paper first covers enabling technology involving a vehicle moving out of parking, traveling on the road, and parking at the destination. The development of autonomous vehicles relies on the data collected for deployment in actual road conditions. Research gaps and recommendations for autonomous intelligent vehicles are included. For example, a sudden obstacle while the autonomous vehicle executes the parking trajectory on the road is discussed. Several aspects of social problems, such as the liability of an accident affecting the autonomous vehicle, are described. A smart device to detect abnormal driving behaviors to prevent possible accidents is briefly discussed.


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