Theory A, Theory B and Theory C of managing people at work

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-75
Author(s):  
Birendra Nath Singh
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Shop Floor ◽  
Scientific Management ◽  
Business Organization ◽  
Business Organizations ◽  
Research Gaps ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Modern Business ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact

Managing people and productivity are prime concerns of modern business organizations. Many empirical studies were conducted during the era of scientific management (Taylor, 1911) to investigate What and How? McGregor’s (1960) epic theory — Theory X and Theory Y, categorizing all employees into two groups and prescribing methods to motivate and control them was the best. However, his findings also suffered strong criticisms, creating research gaps. The objective of this study was to investigate further and to conclude that there are three major groups named Theory A, Theory B, and Theory C. Amongst them, a middle group — Theory B is most dominant, having all capabilities to significantly influence productivity and prosperity of organizations. The methodology used was qualitative, based upon intensive and critical shop-floor observations. Since this study was not empirical, it had many limitations requiring further researches. Therefore, rightly recommended that future studies should correlate the impact of technological advancements upon motivations and productivity of the modern business organization (Veitch, 2018).

Do Managers Understand Importance of Securing IT Resources?

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-64
Author(s):  
Nadianatra Musa ◽  
Vishv Malhotra ◽  
Trevor Wilmshurst
Keyword(s):  
Information Infrastructure ◽  
Senior Management ◽  
Business Organization ◽  
Critical Component ◽  
Business Organizations ◽  
Direct Role ◽  
Information Infrastructures ◽  
It Resources ◽  
Modern Business ◽  
And Control

Information infrastructures and resources has become critical component of the modern business and non-business organizations. In turn this dependence makes these organizations vulnerable to any significant failure in their information infrastructures and resources. Literature is full of examples of the companies suffering major losses and even demise as a result of information infrastructure and resources failures. To mitigate this vulnerability the senior management and governance of the organizations needs to pay direct role and attention to protect their critical information infrastructures and resources. This paper provides some results of a study we conducted recently to determine how the senior management of Malaysian business organizations view and control the information infrastructure and resources in their organizations to mitigate vulnerabilities to this critical component of their business organization.

Effects of a Curriculum-Integrated Dance Program on Children’s Physical Activity

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (11) ◽  
pp. 1179-1183
Author(s):  
Geeta Sharma ◽  
Tom Stewart ◽  
Scott Duncan
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Intervention Effects ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
School Time ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Children’S Physical Activity

Background: Curriculum-integrated dance programs are a promising but relatively under-researched strategy for increasing children’s physical activity (PA). The aim of this study was to determine the impact of a curriculum-integrated dance program on children’s PA. Methods: A total of 134 primary children aged 7–9 years from 4 New Zealand schools were assigned to either a dance group (n = 78) or a control group (n = 56). The dance group participated in a 6-week curriculum-integrated dance program during school time. Although the dance program focused on curricular learning, fitness and coordination were embedded in the dance sessions. Intensity of PA varied according to the focus of each dance session. PA was measured at baseline and postintervention using a waist-mounted ActiGraph GT3X+ accelerometer for 8 consecutive days. Results: There were no significant intervention effects on PA levels between the dance and control groups postintervention. Conclusion: Dance-embedded learning did not increase overall levels of PA in this study. Future studies may consider assessing longer term effects of a dance-based intervention, or programs that place more focus on PA promotion.

scholarly journals The Impact of Open Book Management on Achieving Differentiation in the Business Organization

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 223
Author(s):  
Hamzeh Al- Sha’ar
Keyword(s):  
Practical Experience ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Business Organization ◽  
Business Organizations ◽  
Open Book ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
National Bank ◽  
Study Population ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Organization Study

This study aimed to know the concept open Book management and differentiation in the organizations and studying the effect of the relation between open book administration and differentiation in the organization. Study population consisted of all the commercial banks in Jordan, while the study sample consisted of (30) mangers and division mangers in Cairo Amman Bank and the Kuwait National Bank. The questionnaire has been used as an instrument to collect the study data. The study reached a set of results including: there are roles with statistically significance at significance level (a≤0.05) for paying the wages and the incentives on achieving differentiation in the business organizations. There are differences open book management on differentiation in the organizations attribute to gender, scientific qualification and practical experience variables. 

scholarly journals Globalization of the Economy, Labor Policies and Business Organizations: A Sociological Study

2010 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 44
Author(s):  
Aida Fouad Abdel Fattah
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Management ◽  
Business Organizations ◽  
Sociological Perspective ◽  
Human Relations ◽  
Sociological Study ◽  
Welfare Capitalism ◽  
Labor Policies ◽  
Business Policies ◽  
The Impact ◽  
National Business

Globalization of economy, work policies and organizations are viewed from a sociological perspective and through three different aspects.[1] The contemporary changes in the frame of work and business organizations that took place in the globalization of economy.[2] The impact of contemporary changes on the national work policies and how to face their challenges.[3] The development that took place in the managerial ideologies of business organizations starting, in sequence, from the movement of industrial reform, scientific management, welfare capitalism or human relations, systems rationalism, organizational culture and quality and ending with contemporary business organizations. The study highlights some remarks on the business policies and the managerial ideologies of business organizations. It also communicates that the national business policies and organizations are confronted with a number of challenges. 

scholarly journals Science communication as a preventative tool in the COVID19 pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gagan Matta
Keyword(s):  
Science Communication ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Behavioural Change ◽  
Hygiene Practices ◽  
Linguistic Barriers ◽  
Technological Developments ◽  
History Of ◽  
Major Factors ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact

AbstractHumans have witnessed epidemics and pandemics periodically throughout history. Often, such infectious outbreaks have resulted in entire civilisations struggling against possible extinction. Despite recent clinical advancements and technological developments, issues of neglected sustainability and lax health hygiene practices, among others, have provided a context for the emergence of the COVID19 pandemic. Against such a backdrop, scientific communication using diversified tools could play a significant role in efforts towards preparedness and control, as well as the initiation of immediate remedial measures in the fight against epidemics and pandemics. These tools could help to increase understanding of the scientific solutions to minimise the outbreaks of infectious diseases, thereby strengthening societal immunity. This paper considers the history of epidemics/pandemics to draw attention to their occurrence, effects and potential impacts on human societies. In addition, it defines the major factors underpinning the various infectious outbreaks over the last three decades. Constructive preparation and preventative stages for authorities, scientists and researchers to check and diminish the impact of epidemics and pandemics during and post-outbreak are suggested while focusing on the need for science communication in the healthcare system. The paper also reviews recent empirical studies and WHO guidelines. Communication through appropriate communicators may help cut through the noise, share facts and boost confidence in science and governance. The impact of science communication on the interplay between government–expert–public or society could help promote positive behavioural change as well as overcome linguistic barriers.

The berry health tool chest – an evidence map and interactive resource

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristine L Kay ◽  
Renee C Strauch ◽  
Cheryl D Granillo ◽  
Megan W Bame ◽  
Jia Xiong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Search Strategy ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Research Gaps ◽  
Evidence Map ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Critical Knowledge ◽  
Nutritional Health ◽  
Health Initiatives ◽  
Study Designs ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Berry consumption is linked to diverse health benefits, but numerous questions remain regarding mechanism of action, dose efficacy, and optimal duration and frequency of intake. Addressing these outstanding questions requires an organized assessment of current research, to inform future study designs and fill critical knowledge gaps. Tools that organize such information will also facilitate consumer messaging, targeted nutritional health initiatives, and dietary intake guidelines. This review aimed to describe the development and utility of the “Berry Health Tool Chest,” an evidence map summarizing trial design features of studies characterizing the impact of berry consumption upon human health biomarkers. A systematic search strategy identified relevant high-quality human feeding studies, whose study design parameters were collected and compiled into an evidence map that is freely available as an interactive online interface enabling tabulated data to be interrogated, filtered, and exported. Of the 231 included studies, approximately 70% were of less than 3 months’ duration and/or fewer than 50 participants, illustrating research gaps that could potentially inform the design of future studies.

scholarly journals Dialogue with stakeholders as a tool to ensure the sustainability of a business organization

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-24
Author(s):  
Taras Kitsak
Keyword(s):  
Business Processes ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Business Organization ◽  
Business And Society ◽  
Business Organizations ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Social And Economic Development ◽  
New Business ◽  
Personal Understanding ◽  
The Impact

The paper examines conceptual principles and the significance of dialogue with stakeholders for the successful functioning of a business organization, its development, competitive advantage, sustainability, brand and image growth. The relevance of this concept in new business realities, the main trends of which are digitalization, openness, networking, and globality of processes, has been substantiated. The purpose of the study is to establish the impact of dialogue with stakeholders on the social and economic development of a business organization in the realities of the new economy. In the course of researching theoretical approaches regarding the nature and scope of dialogue with stakeholders, the author has formed his own point of view on the value and relevance of these processes for business organizations; personal understanding of their impact on business and society has been determined. A list of potential opportunities for a business organization was identified and supplemented, subject to establishing an effective dialogue with stakeholders based on social responsibility. The author’s vision of the content and essence of the stakeholder engagement policy has been developed, the effectiveness of which will manifest itself in increasing the company’s capitalization, improving sustainability, and increasing investment attractiveness. Possible areas of manifestation and directions of interaction with stakeholders have been analyzed and the prospects and opportunities for their development towards strengthening the business process sustainability have been outlined. The research on the importance of dialogue with stakeholders for Ukrainian companies has been analyzed. Conclusions regarding the prospects for the development of this concept in the direction of improving business processes have been substantiated.

The Impact of IT Resources on the IT Business Value

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 48-62
Author(s):  
Janusch Patas ◽  
Jens Bartenschlager ◽  
Matthias Goeken
Keyword(s):  
Competitive Advantage ◽  
Theoretical Foundation ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Business Value ◽  
Systematic Research ◽  
Research Gaps ◽  
Resource Based View ◽  
It Business Value ◽  
It Resources ◽  
The Impact

Recently, the Resource-based View (RBV) attracts more attention in IT business value research, as it serves as a theoretical framework for the identification of IT resources impacting firm performance. Although numerous empirical studies applying the RBV can be found, systematic research structuring the obtained knowledge is hardly available. Therefore, the authors conduct an evidence-based literature review to structure and consolidate empirical evidence from studies using the RBV as a theoretical foundation. The authors illustrate how different IT resources can be distinguished and classified by considering their operationalization. With the means of a research map, they illustrate the findings and evidence, pointing out contradictory results of how different classes of IT resources affect the IT business value in terms of the competitive advantage. The authors then discuss direct effects of IT resources on the competitive advantage as well as research gaps. Finally, they present implications regarding the RBV in IT business value research.

scholarly journals Bringing Propaganda Back into News Media Studies

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 329-345 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florian Zollmann
Keyword(s):  
News Media ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Public Understanding ◽  
Media Content ◽  
Opinion Formation ◽  
Research Gaps ◽  
Liberal Democracies ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Journalism Studies ◽  
Systematic Understanding

With the ascendance of liberal democracy, propaganda activities have vastly increased. The main aim of propaganda has been to protect state-corporate power from the threat of public understanding and participation. Because of its societal importance for public opinion formation, the news media constitutes an obvious channel for the dissemination of propaganda. However, contemporary communication, media and journalism studies have mostly neglected to critically assess the news media’s role in producing and distributing propaganda. In fact, despite of the news media’s integration into the state-corporate nexus, the term propaganda is rarely used in academic treatises on the news media. Furthermore, only a small number of scholars have engaged in elaborating a systematic understanding of the manifold propaganda techniques that are currently applied in liberal democracies. To fill these research gaps, this article maps out various concepts of propaganda and relates them to the process and content of the news media. On the basis of theoretical and empirical studies, the article demonstrates how different forms of propaganda can manifest in news media content. Based on an integration with, as well as a development of, existing literature, the essay aims to build a tool box that can be applied and refined in future studies in order to detect propaganda in news media texts.

Scientific Management of the Public Business

1915 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 488-495 ◽  
Author(s):  
Morris L. Cooke
Keyword(s):  
Group Action ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Scientific Management ◽  
Business Organization ◽  
Private Business ◽  
Municipal Service ◽  
The Public ◽  
Special Privilege ◽  
The Individual ◽  
And Control

The evolution of business organization is from the unsystematized through the systematized to the scientific. Governmental work—federal, state and municipal—is still almost exclusively in the unsystematized stage.Among the causes of municipal inefficiency are the attempt to hamper and control the action of individuals by a multiplicity of petty restrictions unknown in private business, and the separation of the municipal service into scores of divisions with little or no mutuality of interest. Both of these practices tend to prevent group action in the large sense. But undoubtedly the greatest bar to efficiency is the unwillingness to trust the individual as shown by the attempt to thwart evil or selfish designs of the official by board control. This committee management is in my opinion, the most costly hallucination of democracy. As a present day cause of expensive and inefficient government, this bulwark of the stand patter, of special privilege, of the politician and of the crook makes other influences tending in the same direction such as the complacency of civil service and the lack of definite standards, seem almost negligible.

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