scholarly journals Analysis of IgG, IgA, and IgM antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 spike protein S1 in convalescent and vaccinated patients with the Pfizer-BioNTech and CanSinoBio vaccines

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edgar Melgoza-González ◽  
Diana Hinojosa-Trujillo ◽  
Monica Resendiz ◽  
Verónica Mata-Haro ◽  
Sofía Hernández-Valenzuela ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Indirect Elisa ◽  
Natural Infection ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Elisa Test ◽  
Antibody Detection ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
The World ◽  
The One ◽  
First Time

The SARS-CoV-2 virus was detected for the first time in December 2019 in Wuhan, China. Currently, this virus has spread around the world, and new variants have emerged. This new pandemic virus provoked the rapid development of diagnostic tools, therapies and vaccines to control this new disease called COVID-19. Antibody detection by ELISA has been broadly used to recognize the number of persons infected with this virus or to evaluate the response of vaccinated individuals. As the pandemic spread, new questions arose, such as the prevalence of antibodies after natural infection and the response induced by the different vaccines. In Mexico, as in other countries, mRNA and viral-vectored vaccines have been widely used among the population. In this work, we developed an indirect ELISA test to evaluate S1 antibodies in convalescent and vaccinated individuals. By using this test, we showed that IgG antibodies against the S1 protein of SARS-CoV-2 were detected up to 42 weeks after the onset of the symptoms, in contrast to IgA and IgM, which decreased 14 weeks after the onset of symptoms. The evaluation of the antibody response in individuals vaccinated with Pfizer-BioNTech and CanSinoBio vaccines showed no differences two weeks after vaccination. However, after completing the two doses of Pfizer-BioNTech and the one dose of CanSinoBio, a significantly higher response of IgG antibodies was observed in persons vaccinated with Pfizer-BioNTech than in those vaccinated with CanSinoBio. In conclusion, these results confirm that after natural infection with SARS-CoV-2, it is possible to detect antibodies for up to ten months. Additionally, our results showed that one dose of the CanSinoBio vaccine induces a lower response of IgG antibodies than that induced by the complete scheme of the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine.

scholarly journals Effect of multiple freeze-thaw cycles on detection of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farah M. Shurrab ◽  
Duaa W. Al-Sadeq ◽  
Fathima Amanullah ◽  
Salma N. Younes ◽  
Hadeel Al-Jighefee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Random Effect ◽  
Elisa Test ◽  
Antibody Detection ◽  
P Value ◽  
Elisa Assay ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Rna Detection ◽  
Freeze Thaw ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Number Of Cycles

AbstractSeveral studies have investigated the effect of repeated freeze-thaw (F/T) cycles on RNA detection for SARS-CoV-2. However, no data is available regarding the effect of repeated F/T cycles on SARS-CoV-2 antibody detection in serum. We investigated the effect of multiple F/T cycles on anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG detection using an ELISA test targeting the nucleocapsid antibodies. Ten positive and one negative SARS-CoV-2 IgG sera from 11 participants, in replicates of five were subjected to a total of 16 F/T cycles and stored at 4°C until tested by ELISA. Statistical analysis was done to test for F/T cycle effect. Non-of the 10 positive sera turned into negative after 16 F/T cycles. There was no significant difference in the OD average reading between the first and last F/T cycles, except for one serum with a minimal decline in the OD. The random-effect linear regression of log (OD) on the number of cycles showed no significant trend with a slope consistent with zero (B=-0.0001; 95% CI −0.0008; 0.0006; p-value=0.781). These results suggest that multiple F/T cycles had no effect on the ability of the ELISA assay to detect the SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies.

scholarly journals Chikungunya E2 Protein Produced in E. coli and HEK293-T Cells—Comparison of Their Performances in ELISA

Viruses ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 939
Author(s):  
Flávia Fonseca Bagno ◽  
Lara Carvalho Godói ◽  
Maria Marta Figueiredo ◽  
Sarah Aparecida Rodrigues Sérgio ◽  
Thaís de Fátima Silva Moraes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mammalian Cells ◽  
Indirect Elisa ◽  
Acute Onset ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Post Translational Modifications ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Glycosylation Sites ◽  
Igm Elisa ◽  
Antigen Antibody

Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is a mosquito-borne pathogen that causes a disease characterized by the acute onset of fever accompanied by arthralgia and intense joint pain. Clinical similarities and cocirculation of this and other arboviruses in many tropical countries highlight the necessity for efficient and accessible diagnostic tools. CHIKV envelope proteins are highly conserved among alphaviruses and, particularly, the envelope 2 glycoprotein (CHIKV-E2) appears to be immunodominant and has a considerable serodiagnosis potential. Here, we investigate how glycosylation of CHIKV-E2 affects antigen/antibody interaction and how this affects the performance of CHIKV-E2-based Indirect ELISA tests. We compare two CHIKV-E2 recombinant antigens produced in different expression systems: prokaryotic-versus eukaryotic-made recombinant proteins. CHIKV-E2 antigens are expressed either in E. coli BL21(DE3)—a prokaryotic system unable to produce post-translational modifications—or in HEK-293T mammalian cells—a eukaryotic system able to add post-translational modifications, including glycosylation sites. Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic recombinant CHIKV-E2 react strongly to anti-CHIKV IgG antibodies, showing accuracy levels that are higher than 90%. However, the glycan-added viral antigen presents better sensitivity and specificity (85 and 98%) than the non-glycosylated antigen (81 and 71%, respectively) in anti-CHIKV IgM ELISA assays.

scholarly journals LEXIS AND PHRASEOLOGY, VERBALIZING CONCEPTS OF WOMAN AND GIRL IN A.B. KAITUKOV’S WORKS

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Р.Г. ЦОПАНОВА
Keyword(s):  
Mental Content ◽  
Literary Text ◽  
The Other ◽  
Contextual Analysis ◽  
The People ◽  
The World ◽  
The One ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Linguistic Units ◽  
First Time

Целью данного исследования является определение ментального содержания лексики и фразеологии, вербализующей концепты женщина (сылгоймаг) и девушка (чызг) в произведениях осетинского писателя А.Б. Кайтукова. Научная новизна связана с тем, что впервые на языковом материале произведений А. Кайтукова выявлено ментальное содержание указанных концептов. Актуальность данного исследования в том, что, благодаря описанию языкового содержания концептов женщина (сылгоймаг) и девушка (чызг), читатель, с одной стороны, вводится в мир национальной лингвокультуры, содержащей информацию о менталитете народа, с другой стороны – дается характеристика индивидуальных особенностей языка писателя. В работе использованы следующие методы исследования: семантико-стилистический, методы концептуального и контекстуального анализа языковых единиц в художественном тексте. Поставлены следующие задачи: определить номинативную плотность концептов женщина и девушка; раскрыть ментальное содержание лексики и фразеологии, вербализующей названные концепты; указать когнитивные признаки исследуемых концептов; охарактеризовать лексику и фразеологию, объективирующие названные концепты как средство создания идиостиля писателя. В результате работы дана характеристика концептов женщина и девушка в произведениях А. Кайтукова в аспекте лингвокультуры и в рамках идиостиля писателя. The purpose of this study is to determine the mental contents of the vocabulary and phraseology that verbalize the concepts of woman (sylgoymag) and girl (chyzg) in the works of the Ossetian writer A. B. Kaitukov. The scientific novelty is connected with the fact that for the first time the mental content of these concepts will be revealed on the language material of A. Kaitukov's works. The relevance of this study is that due to the description of the linguistic content of the concepts woman (sylgoimag) and girl (chyzg), the reader, on the one hand, is introduced into the world of national linguoculture, containing information about the mentality of the people, on the other hand, a characteristic of the individual features of the writer’s language is given. The following research methods were used in the work: semantic and stylistic, methods of conceptual and contextual analysis of linguistic units in a literary text. The following tasks were set: to determine the nominative density of the concepts woman and girl; to reveal the mental content of lexis and phraseology, verbalizing the named concepts; indicate the cognitive features of the studied concepts; to characterize the vocabulary and phraseology that objectify the named concepts as a means of creating the idiostyle of the writer. As a result of the work, a description of the concepts of a woman and a girl in the works of A. Kaitukov is given in the aspect of linguoculture and within the framework of the writer's idiostyle.

scholarly journals Highly Sensitive and Specific SARS-CoV-2 Serological Assay Using a Magnetic Modulation Biosensing System

Biosensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Shira Avivi-Mintz ◽  
Yaniv Lustig ◽  
Victoria Indenbaum ◽  
Eli Schwartz ◽  
Amos Danielli
Keyword(s):  
Viral Infections ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Turnaround Time ◽  
Elisa Test ◽  
Antibody Detection ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Serological Assay ◽  
Clinical Sensitivity ◽  
Highly Sensitive

Sensitive serological assays are needed to provide valuable information about acute and past viral infections. For example, detection of anti-severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) IgG antibodies could serve as the basis for an “immunity passport” that would enable individuals to travel internationally. Here, utilizing a novel Magnetic Modulation Biosensing (MMB) system and the receptor-binding domain of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein, we demonstrate a highly sensitive and specific anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG serological assay. Using anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies, RT-qPCR SARS-CoV-2-positive and healthy patients’ samples, and vaccinees’ samples, we compare the MMB-based SARS-CoV-2 IgG assay’s analytical and clinical sensitivities to those of the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Compared with ELISA, the MMB-based assay has an ~6-fold lower limit of detection (129 ng/L vs. 817 ng/L), and it detects an increase in the IgG concentration much earlier after vaccination. Using 85 RT-qPCR SARS-CoV-2-positive samples and 79 -negative samples, the MMB-based assay demonstrated similar clinical specificity (98% vs. 99%) and sensitivity (93% vs. 92%) to the ELISA test, but with a much faster turnaround time (45 min vs. 245 min). The high analytical and clinical sensitivity, short turnaround time, and simplicity of the MMB-based assay makes it a preferred method for antibody detection.

First molecular detection and characterization of Sarcocystis infection in naturally infected buffaloes, Brazil

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luiza Pires Portella ◽  
Fagner D'ambroso Fernandes ◽  
Camila Encarnação Minuzzi ◽  
Juliana Felipetto Cargnelutti ◽  
Luis Fernando Vilani de Pelegrini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microscopic Examination ◽  
Genomic Dna ◽  
Molecular Detection ◽  
Natural Infection ◽  
Sarcocystis Species ◽  
Sarcocystis Spp ◽  
The World ◽  
First Time ◽  
Pathogenic Effects

Sarcocystosis is a disease caused by varying Sarcocystis species infecting humans and animals. It is commonly found in ruminants causing pathogenic effects. Although the distribution of Sarcocystis can be found all over the world, the species infecting buffaloes in Brazil is still unknown. Through this study, we aim to estimate the molecular prevalence of natural infection with Sarcocystis spp. in buffaloes using molecular identification. In addition, phylogenetic analyzes were used for the first time to identify the different species of this protozoan infecting buffalo in the south of the country. Heart samples from 80 buffaloes were subjected to microscopic examination, followed by molecular analysis. Microcysts were present in 19/80 (23,75%) of the samples. Genomic DNA was extracted from the 19 isolates, all there were amplified DNA in the primer used in the study. Six readable sequences were obtained after sequencing of the samples in both the directions. In the present study all the sequenced samples indicated were of Sarcocystis levinei.

scholarly journals T Cell Mediated Antibody lnvariance in an Immune Response Against A Bacterial Carbohydrate Antigen Requires CD28/B7–1 Costimulation

2001 ◽  
Vol 8 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 243-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
André Rademaekers ◽  
Eckehart Kölsch ◽  
Christoph Specht
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
T Cells ◽  
B Cells ◽  
Clonal Expansion ◽  
Carbohydrate Antigen ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
Specific Igg ◽  
The One ◽  
First Time

The humoral immune response againstα(1→3)dextran (Dex) in BALB/c mice is characterized by the formation of predominantly IgM antibodies bearing the J558 idiotype. IgG antibodies do not appear in euthymic mice. In athymic animals however, the response proceeds to a vigorous IgG production. In euthymic mice formation of IgG is suppressed by J558 idiotype- specific regulatory T cells recognizing in association with I-Edand in cognate T/B interaction the VH CDR3 derived peptide of the J558 idiotpye. Only B-2 lymphocytes produce IgG whereas B-1 cells do not participate in the production of this Ig class. Using a novel synthetic allα(1→3)-D-gluco configurated tetrasaccharide the Dex-specific B cells can for the first time be analyzed in FACS. In experiments using this newly designed low molecular Dex no signs of B cell apoptosis can be found. This demonstrates a true silencing of persisting Bγ memory cells and supports previous by adoptive transfer experiments. In this suppression an involvement of CD28/B7–1 interaction can be demonstrated which is a necessary costimulatory suppression signal in addition to the cognate TCR/peptide-I-Edinteraction between J558 Id-specific T cells and J558 idiotype beating B cells. This results in an activation of 178–4 Ts cells, leading to an overall suppression of the Dex-specific IgG isotype production on the one hand and on the other hand provides a signal for the survival and clonal expansion of J558 Id-positive B cells.

scholarly journals Risk Management of Zakat Maal Supervision in the Fintech Era based on Literature Review

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arivatu Ni’mati Rahmatika ◽  
Tholib Hariono
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Income Inequality ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Use Of Technology ◽  
Library Research ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
First Time

Cybercrime in Indonesia is the first tier in the world and Indonesia also grabs a second level on hacking activities, and both are in line with the rapid development of technology in these decades. There is no rule in Islam to avoid the development of science in this case technology, but Islam still regulate the obligation of tithe as long as humans are still alive in the world, zakat maal is an obligation in Islam with the specific rules, zakat maal is considered able to solve the problem of income inequality. Further technological sophistication is also considered as a tool for the implementation of such obligations. This study aims to address the risks that are likely or even inevitable in the activities of zakat maal in the fintech era. Library research is the main way in conducting this research to answer a problem. This study resulted in a finding in the form of an application that is connected with the zakat institution BAZNAS shade and detail how its use includes calculation of nisab zakat, distribution of zakat, control of distribution and prevention of fraud that may occur. This is the first time in the history of the study, because this study discusses in detail how to overcome and overcome the risks that exist in the use of technology to implement the obligations of zakat maal.

scholarly journals Reflection of national and cultural specifics in the text of advertising (on material of texts of advertising of the Chinese and Russian building companies)

2018 ◽  
Vol 212 ◽  
pp. 09016
Author(s):  
Stanislav Li ◽  
Lyudmila Araeva ◽  
Guo Xin
Keyword(s):  
Real Estate ◽  
World View ◽  
Real Estate Development ◽  
Cultural Stereotypes ◽  
The World ◽  
Abstract Level ◽  
Propositional Structures ◽  
The One ◽  
Main Components ◽  
First Time

The purpose of article is detection of the general and specific advertising texts of real estate development companies in slogans in the Russian and Chinese languages. Any advertising is designed for the consumer who will buy the advertised goods. The scientific novelty of the study is determined by the fact that for the first time a propositional analysis of the “advertisement” frame in Chinese, which is an isolating one, is carried out. This approach is based on the technique of frame modeling, where the main components are the deep structures of knowledge propositional schemes and verbal propositions. Advertising efficiency is caused by the accounting of the traditions which developed in a certain nation, stereotypes and those associations which invisibly are present at texts. The phraseological units functioning in this or that culture are created on the basis of these traditions, cultural stereotypes; reflect features of a world view of the nation. The conducted research allows revealing that at the heart of phraseological units there are same propositional structures which are invisibly sending a thought of the person to propositions. The person learns the world, comparing one to another. It is propositional organized phraseological units allow to reveal the associations, general and unique for the nation. On the one hand, to understand that, at the most abstract level all languages are arranged equally what Humboldt wrote about, and, with another – to see an originality of each language.

scholarly journals PASLAUGOS SAMPRATOS AKTUALIZAVIMAS ŠIUOLAIKINĖJE VADYBOJE / REDEFINING SERVICE NOTION IN CONTEMPORARY MANAGEMENT

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (0) ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilona Skačkauskienė ◽  
Jurga Vestertė
Keyword(s):  
Government Regulation ◽  
Service Sector ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Critical Evaluation ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
The World ◽  
Contemporary Management ◽  
The One

According to the World Bank’s figures, the service sector accounts for 69% of the global GDP and continues to expand. This growth takes place in the environment what has significantly changed and become more complex in the recent decades due to globalisation, the rapid development of technologies, social change, and government regulation. On the one hand, the services perceive a great deal of attention from the researchers because of their increasing importance in the economy. On the other hand, the unique transformations in services’ context raise the question of how the service notion is interpreted by the modern society, and whether services definition in the scientific literature considers the realities of the present era. The article, presenting the historical context, analyses the change in service definition and highlights the reasons behind this change. Based on the analysed service concepts found in the scientific literature and the results of the survey conducted, the service definition is updated so that it corresponds more to the contemporary management needs. The article employs the methods of comparative analysis, critical evaluation, abstraction, synthesis, and questionnaire survey. Santrauka Pasaulio banko teigimu, paslaugų sektorius sudaro didžiąją dalį (69 proc.) pasaulinio BVP ir toliau auga. Šis augimas vyksta aplinkoje, kuri per paskutinius dešimtmečius dėl globalizacijos, sparčiai tobulėjančių technologijų, socialinių pokyčių, vyriausybinio reguliavimo labai pasikeitė ir tapo daug sudėtingesnė. Viena vertus, paslaugos dėl išaugusios reikšmės ekonomikoje sulaukia didelio mokslininkų dėmesio, kita vertus, unikalias transformacijas patiriantis paslaugų kontekstas aktualizuoja paslaugos sampratos ir interpretavimo šiuolaikinėje visuomenėje klausimą – ar mokslinėje literatūroje pateikiamos paslaugų apibrėžtys atspindi dabartinio laikotarpio realijas? Straipsnyje, pristatant istorinį kontekstą, analizuojama paslaugos apibrėžties kaita, išryškinamos šią kaitą lėmusios priežastys. Remiantis išanalizuotais paslaugos sąvokos apibūdinimais mokslinėje literatūroje ir atliktos apklausos rezultatais, siūloma aktualizuota ir šiuolaikinės vadybos poreikius atitinkanti paslaugos apibrėžtis. Straipsnyje taikyti lyginamosios analizės, kritinio vertinimo, abstrahavimo, sintezės ir anketinės apklausos metodai.

scholarly journals Serological Profile Of Specific Antibodies Against Dominant Antigens Of SARS-CoV-2 In Chilean COVID-19 Patients.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Cereceda ◽  
R. González-Stegmaier ◽  
JL. Briones ◽  
C. Selman ◽  
A. Aguirre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Indirect Elisa ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Elisa Test ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Active Infection ◽  
N Protein ◽  
Local Facility ◽  
Variable Sensitivity

ABSTRACTCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by SARS-CoV-2 and has been a pandemic since March 2020. Currently, the virus has infected more than 50 million people worldwide and more than half a million in Chile. For many coronaviruses, Spike (S) and Nucleocapsid (N) proteins are described as major antigenic molecules, inducing seroconversion and production of neutralizing antibodies. In this work, we evaluated the presence in serum of IgM, IgA and IgG antibodies against N and S proteins of SARS-CoV-2 using western blot, and developed an ELISA test for the qualitative characterization of COVID-19 patients. Patients with an active infection or who have recovered from COVID-19 showed specific immunoblotting patterns for the recombinants S protein and its domains S1 and S2, as well as for the N protein of SARS-CoV-2. Anti-N antibodies were more frequently detected than anti-S or anti-S1-RBD antibodies. People who were never exposed to SARS-CoV-2 did not show reactivity. Finally, indirect ELISA assays using N and S1-RBD proteins, alone or in combination, were established with variable sensitivity and specificity depending on the antigen bound to the solid phase. Overall, Spike showed higher specificity than the nucleocapsid, and comparable sensitivity for both antigens. Both approaches confirmed the seroconversion after infection and allowed us to implement the analysis of antibodies in blood for research purposes in a local facility.

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