scholarly journals Folded structures in modern architecture

2012 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nenad Sekularac ◽  
Jelena Ivanovic-Sekularac ◽  
Jasna Cikic-Tovarovic
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Modern Architecture ◽  
Site Development ◽  
Folded Structure ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Folded Structures ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Made In

Folded structures are three-dimensional structures - spatial structures and they belong to the structural systems. The term folded structure defines a folded form of construction, including structures derived from elements which form a folded structure by their mutual relationship in space. For very long time this type of construction has been realized in practice only in of reinforced concrete and made on site, which conditioned the use of a very complicated shell. Development of prefabricated building led to improvements of this type of construction so that the folded structures could be derived by assembly of prefabricated elements and their relationship - monolithization on site. Development of the research of folded structures, starting from their earliest days to today, followed the innovations and latest developments in terms of applied materials and methods of connection. The tendency for the cost effective and quicker construction pushed the folded structures made in reinforced concrete, and led to the construction realized in wood, steel and other modern materials that eventually experienced expansion.

scholarly journals Folding house

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Aarif ◽  
Sadik Hussain ◽  
K.S. Juby ◽  
C. Karthika ◽  
S. Anupama
Keyword(s):  
Construction Industry ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Living Standard ◽  
Construction Techniques ◽  
New Construction ◽  
Good Living ◽  
Folded Structures ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Sufficient Space ◽  
Made In

Nowadays there is massive use of concrete in construction industry. To overcome this, new construction techniques and material is adopted for good living standard. Folding house is a technique that considered all the factors like sufficient space for living, economy, environmental issues and living standard. . The tendency for the cost effective and quicker construction pushed the folded structures made in reinforced concrete, and led to the construction realized in wood, steel and other modern materials that eventually experienced expansion .In this project we are introducing a cost effective folding house. Keywords—folding house,cost effective and quicker construction

A case history of a cost effective 3D seismic survey over the Perth Basin, Western Australia

1989 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 229
Author(s):  
S.C. Stewart ◽  
B.J. Evans
Keyword(s):  
Western Australia ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Cost Comparison ◽  
Seismic Survey ◽  
3D Seismic ◽  
Seismic Surveying ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Funded Research Project

As part of an industry funded research project into the application of the technique of LOFOLD3D land seismic surveying, a four fold three dimensional seismic survey was performed in the Perth Basin at Moora, Western Australia in July 1987. The volume covered an area of four kilometres by just under two kilometres, producing a total of 23,000 common midpoint traces. The objective was to collect and process the data in such a manner that a three dimensional structural interpretation would result, which would be the same as that resulting from a conventional three dimensional survey. A cost comparison indicates that a commercial LOFOLD3D survey would reduce the cost of performing a land 3D survey to an estimated 20% of the full fold equivalent, and the technique therefore offers potential for substantial savings if it is adopted on a commercial basis.

Application of Value Engineering to the Ductility Design of RC Frame Columns with High Compression Ratio

2011 ◽  
Vol 255-260 ◽  
pp. 279-283
Author(s):  
Jun Qing Guo ◽  
Zhou Can Fu
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Value Engineering ◽  
Reinforced Concrete Frame ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Concrete Frame ◽  
High Compression ◽  
Major Factors ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Made In

This paper expatiates the prominent effect of axial compression ratios on the ductility of reinforced concrete frame columns and the limits of the ratios in Code for Seismic Design of Buildings and summarizes the ductility design methods of frame columns with high compression ratios. The principles of value engineering were adopted to analyze the major factors affecting the ductility of reinforced concrete frame columns. The cost of columns with high compression ratios and different types of ties in a real project was calculated and relevant analysis and evaluations were conducted according to Value Coefficient Discriminance. At last the optimum ductility design method for frame columns with high compression ratios was put forth, with which reference can be made in design.

scholarly journals Analysis of the Sensing Margin of Silicon and Poly-Si 1T-DRAM

Micromachines ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 228
Author(s):  
Hyeonjeong Kim ◽  
Songyi Yoo ◽  
In-Man Kang ◽  
Seongjae Cho ◽  
Wookyung Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Random Access ◽  
Random Access Memory ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Dynamic Random Access Memory ◽  
Silicon On Insulator ◽  
Floating Body ◽  
Thin Body ◽  
Access Memory ◽  
The Cost

Recently, one-transistor dynamic random-access memory (1T-DRAM) cells having a polysilicon body (poly-Si 1T-DRAM) have attracted attention as candidates to replace conventional one-transistor one-capacitor dynamic random-access memory (1T-1C DRAM). Poly-Si 1T-DRAM enables the cost-effective implementation of a silicon-on-insulator (SOI) structure and a three-dimensional (3D) stacked architecture for increasing integration density. However, studies on the transient characteristics of poly-Si 1T-DRAM are still lacking. In this paper, with TCAD simulation, we examine the differences between the memory mechanisms in poly-Si and silicon body 1T-DRAM. A silicon 1T-DRAM cell’s data state is determined by the number of holes stored in a floating body (FB), while a poly-Si 1T-DRAM cell’s state depends on the number of electrons trapped in its grain boundary (GB). This means that a poly-Si 1T-DRAM can perform memory operations by using GB as a storage region in thin body devices with a small FB area.

Design of a 3D Wing Honeycomb Core Based on Origami Techniques

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuya Saito ◽  
Akinobu Fujimoto ◽  
Yoji Okabe
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Rotor Blades ◽  
Tidal Power ◽  
Manufacturing Method ◽  
Core Thickness ◽  
Honeycomb Cores ◽  
Tidal Power Generation ◽  
The Cost ◽  
3D Wing

Honeycomb cores, which offer substantial weight reductions in design, are used in various engineering fields. For antenna reflector and rotor blade designs, Three-dimensional (3D) honeycomb cores are in considerable demand. 3D honeycombs are typically manufactured by curving or carving flat honeycombs. High associated manufacturing costs have limited their application. The authors of this paper investigated a new honeycomb design and manufacturing method called “kirigami honeycomb.” Resembling origami, kirigami honeycomb allows a single flat sheet of material with periodic slits to be folded into a honeycomb shape. Previous studies have reported successful use of this method to create various honeycomb shapes, changing only the folding line diagrams (FLDs). These previous studies have, however, considered only one-directional cross-section modifications; the core thickness and curvature changed in only the W-direction. This study proposes a new method that will support complex 3D double-curved honeycomb designs made from single flat sheets. A newly defined crease pattern conversion method provides arbitrary scaling of the honeycomb shape in the L-direction. The combined FLD and pattern conversion design methods encourage the cost-effective manufacture of 3D wing shaped honeycombs from single flat paper sheets. Wind or tidal power generation industries that use rotor blades could benefit from this design.

scholarly journals A Simplified Method For Modifying TEM Copper Grids For Use With The Small Angle Cleavage Technique

1996 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 12-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott D. Walck
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Small Angle ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Effective Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Simplified Method ◽  
Cost Effective Technique ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Made In ◽  
Tem Grid

The Small Angle Cleavage Technique (SACT) developed by John McCaffrey is an extremely easy and cost-effective technique for producing superior cross sectional TEM samples from semiconductor and other single crystal materials. In the original technique, a special jig is required to be made in order to make too cuts in a 2 x 0.5 mm slotted capper TEM grid to create vertical tabs to mount the cleaved samples. This jig is not commercially available and the actual cutting and bending of the grids require a significant amount of manual dexterity. (Fat fingered fellows, like myself, need not apply.) Early on, John proposed a design for a commercial grid that could easily be bent into the required shape with no cutting, but the electron microscopy supply houses passed on the idea. Until now, microscopists wanting to experiment with the technique had to invest in the cost of having one of these jigs made.

scholarly journals Additive Manufacturing in the Construction Industry: The Comparative Competitiveness of 3D Concrete Printing

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 3865
Author(s):  
Siavash H. Khajavi ◽  
Müge Tetik ◽  
Ashish Mohite ◽  
Antti Peltokorpi ◽  
Mingyang Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Construction Industry ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Robotic Arm ◽  
Process Time ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact

The construction industry is facing increasing pressure to improve productivity and decrease its environmental impact. Additive manufacturing (AM) technologies, especially three-dimensional concrete printing (3DCP) technology, have provided many benefits for construction. However, holistic comparative studies of the competitiveness of 3DCP and conventional methods, from cost and time perspectives, are lacking. Choosing between the methods is difficult for practitioners. In this study, we investigated the current state of 3DCP in the construction industry using seven distinct scenarios. Our analysis was performed to illustrate the impact of design and supply chain configurations on performance. The results prove the notable competitiveness of 3DCP. In contrast to the conventional construction method, the more complex round design had a positive impact on the cost and process time in 3DCP scenarios. Additionally, we show that on-site 3DCP using a robotic arm was more cost-effective than off-site 3DCP.

scholarly journals Crack engineering for the construction of arbitrary hierarchical architectures

2019 ◽  
Vol 116 (48) ◽  
pp. 23909-23914 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wanbo Li ◽  
Miao Yu ◽  
Jing Sun ◽  
Kentaro Mochizuki ◽  
Siyu Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Signal Transmission ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Hierarchical Structures ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Biomimetic Materials ◽  
Large Scale Production ◽  
Elastic Crack ◽  
The Cost

Three-dimensional hierarchical morphologies widely exist in natural and biomimetic materials, which impart preferential functions including liquid and mass transport, energy conversion, and signal transmission for various applications. While notable progress has been made in the design and manufacturing of various hierarchical materials, the state-of-the-art approaches suffer from limited materials selection, high costs, as well as low processing throughput. Herein, by harnessing the configurable elastic crack engineering—controlled formation and configuration of cracks in elastic materials—an effect normally avoided in various industrial processes, we report the development of a facile and powerful technique that enables the faithful transfer of arbitrary hierarchical structures with broad material compatibility and structural and functional integrity. Our work paves the way for the cost-effective, large-scale production of a variety of flexible, inexpensive, and transparent 3D hierarchical and biomimetic materials.

scholarly journals Application of Structure from Mortion in Japanese Archaeology

2015 ◽  
Vol XL-5/W7 ◽  
pp. 235-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Kaneda ◽  
Y.A. Nawabi ◽  
H. Yamaguchi
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effective ◽  
Archaeological Site ◽  
3 Dimensional ◽  
Archaeological Data ◽  
Cost Effective Method ◽  
Complicated Form ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Aerial Vehicle ◽  
The One ◽  
The Cost

In Japan, archaeological excavations carry out over fifty thousand times per year. Nowadays, archaeological data is accumulated day by day. To record these documentation about archaeological data, it is desirable to the documentation of their shape in 3-dimensional form. Structure from Motion (SfM) is the one of the cost effective method to record the 3D documentation. This paper introduces application of SfM technology to examine the validity of an archaeological documentation in Japanese archaeology in recent year. Whenever, a complicated form finding has to be recorded at an archaeological excavation. It often requires a long time to create by a traditional manual drawing. For example, a well made of reuse roof tiles, garden stones and stone chamber. By using SfM, the time spent working at the archaeological site was greatly reduced. And many platforms to take an image at the variety of archaeological site's condition, like a small UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) are tested using for wider area recording. These methods are used in disaster stricken areas in East Japan.

scholarly journals Value of Information (VoI) for the Chloride Content in Reinforced Concrete Bridges

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 567
Author(s):  
Ivan Zambon ◽  
Monica Patricia Santamaria Ariza ◽  
José Campos e Matos ◽  
Alfred Strauss
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Minimum Cost ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Chloride Content ◽  
Concrete Bridges ◽  
Chloride Ingress ◽  
Maximum Cost ◽  
Initiation Phase ◽  
Reinforced Concrete Bridges ◽  
The Cost

The corrosion of reinforcement caused by chloride ingress significantly reduces the length of the service life of reinforced concrete bridges. Therefore, the condition of bridges is periodically inspected by specially trained engineers regarding the possible occurrence of reinforcement corrosion. Their main goal is to ensure that the structure can resist mechanical and environmental loads and offer a satisfactory level of safety and serviceability. In the course of assessment, measuring the chloride content, through which corrosion could be anticipated and prevented, presents a possible alternative to visual inspections and corrosion tests that can only indicate already existing corrosion. It is hard to determine the cost-effectiveness and actual value of chloride content measurements in a simple and straightforward way. Thus, the main aim of the paper was to study the value of newly gained information, which is obtained when a chloride content in reinforced concrete bridges is measured. This value was here analyzed through the pre-posterior analysis of the cost of measurement and repair, taking into account different types of exposure and material properties for a general case. The research focus was set on the initiation phase in which there are no visible damages. A relative comparison of costs is presented, where the cost of possible reactive/proactive repair was compared with the maximum cost of measurement, while the measurement is still cost effective. The analysis showed a high influence of the initial probability of depassivation on the maximum cost of the cost-effective measurement, as well as a nonreciprocal relation of the minimum cost of cost-effective reactive repair with the measurement accuracy.

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