The Indian Rights Association, the Allotment Policy, and the Five Civilized Tribes, 1923-1936

The French/Ojibwa lawyer, activist, and Office of Indian Affairs employee, Marie Louise Bottineau Baldwin (1863–1952), often receives mention in scholarly works on the Society of American Indians (SAI). Very few, however, have examined her contributions in detail. Only one article focusing exclusively on Baldwin has ever been published. Cathleen D. Cahill’s flattering portrait depicts Baldwin as a devoted suffragette and leading SAI figure who, in her roles as cofounder and treasurer, promoted the cause of Indian rights and her own Ojibwa values concerning women’s equality. Cahill explains Baldwin’s sudden exit from the SAI as a result of attacks by male, anti-Indian Office “radicals” who condemned her as disloyal for holding a government post, such as Carlos Montezuma (Yavapai) and Philip Gordon (Ojibwa). Closer inspection of the SAI’s conference proceedings and epistolary record reveals a very different story. In providing the first full account of Baldwin’s involvement in intertribal activism, this essay counters Cahill’s inaccurate interpretation of Baldwin’s withdrawal from the society, and, more importantly, examines Baldwin’s underreported, yet openly racist campaign among key SAI members to ban African Americans from the Indian Service. Baldwin’s incendiary statements on race offers a point of departure for further study of how the Society of American Indians viewed African Americans during the Progressive era’s intense segregation and prevailing social Darwinist theories of race.

Get full-text (via PubEx)

Nations Remembered: An Oral History of the Five Civilized Tribes, 1865-1907

Journal of American History ◽

10.2307/1901991 ◽

1981 ◽

Vol 68 (3) ◽

pp. 681

Author(s):

Donald J. Berthrong ◽

Theda Perdue

Keyword(s):

Oral History ◽

Five Civilized Tribes ◽

History Of

Get full-text (via PubEx)

Native Americans and the Law: Contemporary and Historical Perpectives on American Indian Rights, Freedoms, and Sovereignty

Western Historical Quarterly ◽

10.2307/969891 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 28 (4) ◽

pp. 561

Author(s):

Richard L. Clow ◽

John R. Wunder

Keyword(s):

Native Americans ◽

American Indian ◽

The Law ◽

Indian Rights

Get full-text (via PubEx)

The Dangers of the Twentieth-Century Supreme Court’s Indian Rights Decisions

Like a Loaded Weapon ◽

10.5749/j.cttttd8v.15 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 123-134

Keyword(s):

Twentieth Century ◽

Indian Rights

Get full-text (via PubEx)

Bounding American Indian Businesses

Sovereign Entrepreneurs ◽

10.5149/northcarolina/9781469648590.003.0004 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 81-112

Author(s):

Courtney Lewis

Keyword(s):

Cultural Capital ◽

American Indian ◽

Business Owners ◽

Small Business Owners ◽

Daily Lives ◽

Land Scarcity ◽

Eastern Band ◽

The Subject ◽

Indian Rights ◽

Political Actions

Every Native Nation is a “border nation”— physically, economically, politically, and legally. As such, the volatile topic of these Native Nation boundaries is historically and contemporarily enmeshed with contestation and conflict, not only in the larger political actions of these states but also as it is felt in the daily lives of American Indian peoples. Boundaries of territory and citizenry in particular have always been crucial to the subject of American Indian rights. The delineations of these boundaries, then, have complications and consequences for the exercise of EBCI economic sovereignty as well as for the small- business owners that choose to operate there. These boundary formations are critical to understanding the contextual distinctiveness of federally recognized American Indian entrepreneurs through land rights, formation of citizenship requirements, and issues of representation (especially in relation to citizenship). This chapter looks specifically at the issues of land scarcity, trust land for Native Nations and their citizens, the cultural capital of this land in a tourism context, and the environmental impacts of economic development. Land scarcity may also cause citizens to leave the Qualla Boundary, resulting in some instances in brain drain, networking loss, and economic drain. The importance of citizenship, along with its complications, are illustrated through the efforts of Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians artists and their strategies to market their work.

Get full-text (via PubEx)