The Ultrastructural Development of Sporangiospores in Multispored Sporangia of Zygorhynchus heterogamus with a Hypothesis for Sporangial Wall Dissolution

Mycologia ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 86 (1) ◽  
pp. 57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard E. Edelmann ◽  
Karen L. Klomparens
Keyword(s):  
Sporangial Wall

Coelomomyces canadense stat. et comb. nov. (Blastocladiales: Coelomomycetaceae) from Psectrocladius sp. G (Diptera: Chironomidae)

1978 ◽  
Vol 56 (18) ◽  
pp. 2303-2306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard A. Nolan
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Phase Contrast ◽  
Field Phase ◽  
Species Status ◽  
Bright Field ◽  
Latin Diagnosis ◽  
Taxonomic Criterion ◽  
Sporangial Wall ◽  
Scanning Electron

Resistant sporangia of Coelomomyces chironomi var. canadense Weiser and McCauley were examined by bright-field, phase-contrast, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The use of SEM facilitated the observation of previously undescribed complex furrows in the sporangial wall. The taxonomic criterion for varietal status is discussed, and the variety is elevated to species status. Coelomomyces canadense (Weiser and McCauley) Nolan stat. et comb. nov. is described with an emended Latin diagnosis.

scholarly journals Mitochytridium regale sp. nov. a new keratinophilic water fungus from Poland

2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. K. Hassan
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Pond Water ◽  
Snake Skin ◽  
Sporangial Wall ◽  
A New Species

A new species of <i>Mitochytridium</i> Dangeard — <i>M. regale</i> sp. nov. is described. The fungus has been obtained by baiting with snake skin a sample of the pond water collected from Łazienki Royal Garden in Warsaw, Poland. This new species differs from the type species of the genus (<i>M. ramosum</i> Dangeard) by the saprophytic behaviour, persistent zoospore case in the sporangial wall and some other minor differences.

Torispora securis Balme: Spore or Sporangial Wall Cell?

1961 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 207 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. K. Guennel ◽  
R. C. Neavel
Keyword(s):  
Wall Cell ◽  
Sporangial Wall

Growth and ultrastructural differentiation of sporangia in Phytophthora palmivora

1972 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 1959-1964 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josef Christen ◽  
Hans R. Hohl
Keyword(s):  
Cell Expansion ◽  
Tip Growth ◽  
Phytophthora Palmivora ◽  
Wall Thickening ◽  
Complete Occlusion ◽  
Papilla Formation ◽  
Apical Papilla ◽  
Plug Formation ◽  
Sporangial Wall ◽  
Hyphal Tip

Development of sporangia in Phytophthora palmivora Butler consists of two main stages. The first involves expansion of the sporangial initial to about the size of the mature sporangium, whereas the second is characterized by the differentiation of the expanded vesicle to the mature sporangium. Differentiation includes basal plug formation, secondary sporangial wall thickening, and apical papilla formation.Expansion of the sporangial initial appears to be mainly the result of cytoplasmic inflow from the mycelial mat coupled with surface growth of the vesicle wall. Basal plug formation terminates the phase of expansion. The process of plug formation involves deposition of wall-like material at the base of the expanded vesicle. The depositions, which grow from the periphery towards the center of the sporangiophore, are at first rather irregular in shape but eventually lead to complete occlusion, thus separating the immature sporangium from the sporangiophore. Sporangial wall thickening starts at the basal plug and progresses towards the developing apical papilla. Papilla formation is initiated by an apical bulge of the immature sporangium. The cytoplasm within the bulge is specialized and characterized mainly by populations of small (50–100 nm) and large (about 250 nm) vesicles, which appear to be involved in papilla formation. Papilla deposition resembles hyphal tip growth in the absence of cell expansion.

Isoetes ×gopalkrishnae (Isoetaceae), a new interspecific sterile hybrid from central India

Phytotaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 362 (1) ◽  
pp. 68 ◽  
Author(s):  
SARVESH KUMAR SINGH ◽  
SANTOSH KUMAR SHUKLA ◽  
NAWAL KISHORE DUBEY ◽  
PRADEEP KUMAR SHUKLA
Keyword(s):  
Transverse Section ◽  
Indian Subcontinent ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Central India ◽  
Sterile Hybrid ◽  
Habitat Conditions ◽  
Exposed Shore ◽  
Sporangial Wall ◽  
Single Locality

Isoetes ×gopalkrishnae hybr. nov., is described, illustrated and compared with possible parent species. Based on morphological characteristics and habitat conditions, this taxon is considered to represent a sterile hybrid between I. coromandelina and I. panchananii. The new hybrid is amphibious and grows on the exposed shore of an artificial pond. It is known only from a single locality on the Vindhya plateau in Uttar Pradesh, India. It can be distinguished from other taxa by a combination of characters including the lack of a scale, the leaf which is terete in transverse section, velum absent to rudimentary, a sporangial wall with internal pigmentation, rugulate megaspores with a smooth equatorial girdle and microspores with densely echinate to short-cristate ornamentation. It is the first Isoetes hybrid reported from the Indian subcontinent.

Male cone morphogenesis, pollen development and pollen dispersal mechanism in Ginkgo biloba L.

2011 ◽  
Vol 91 (6) ◽  
pp. 971-981 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Lu ◽  
L. Wang ◽  
D. Wang ◽  
Y. Wang ◽  
M Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ginkgo Biloba ◽  
Pollen Development ◽  
Pollen Dispersal ◽  
Sporogenous Cell ◽  
Outermost Layer ◽  
Male Cone ◽  
Dispersal Mechanism ◽  
Morphological Adaptations ◽  
Male Cones ◽  
Sporangial Wall

Lu, Y., Wang, L., Wang, D., Wang, Y., Zhang, M., Jin, B. and Chen, P. 2011. Male cone morphogenesis, pollen development and pollen dispersal mechanism in Ginkgo biloba L. Can. J. Plant Sci. 91: 971–981. Ginkgo biloba L. is one of the oldest gymnosperms. Male cone morphogenesis, pollen development and dispersal are important for successful pollination and reproduction. In this study, we investigated the development of male cone, pollen and the sporangial wall in detail. The results indicate that: (1) The primordia of male cones and leaves begin to differentiate in early June and remain open until the following March. The male cones then mature and release pollen in mid-April. The male cones are drooped and approximately perpendicular to the leaves during pollination. (2) The microsporocytes develop from the sporogenous cell and form a tetrahedral tetrad after two simultaneous asymmetrically meioses, then produce a matured four-cell pollen after three polar mitotic divisions. The matured pollen is hemispheric in shape with a large aperture area and three pollen wall layers; once released from the microsporangia, the pollen becomes boat-like in shape. (3) The sporangial walls are eusporangiate and consist of epidermis, endothecium and tapetum. The differentiation of the tapetum occurs separately from that of the epidermis and endothecium, and originates from the outermost layer of sporogenous cells. The sporangial walls exhibit shrinkage of the epidermis, fibrous thickening of the endothecium, and enzymic dissolution of the tapetum during pollen dispersal, which contributes to microsporangia opening. Based on these results, we conclude that there many unique and primitive characteristics of the development of the male cones, pollen and sporangial wall of G. biloba. In addition, we also found that the male cones, pollen and sporangial walls have evolved efficient structural and morphological adaptations to anemophily.

scholarly journals Seven new Neocallimastigomycota genera from fecal samples of wild, zoo-housed, and domesticated herbivores: Description ofGhazallomyces constrictusgen. nov., sp. nov.,Aklioshbomyces papillarumgen. nov., sp. nov.,Agriosomyces longusgen. nov., sp. nov.,Capellomyces foraminisgen. nov., sp. nov. andCapellomyces elongatussp. nov.,Joblinomyces apicalisgen. nov., sp. nov.,Khoyollomyces ramosusgen. nov., sp. nov., andTahromyces munnarensisgen. nov., sp. nov

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Radwa A. Hanafy ◽  
Vikram B. Lanjekar ◽  
Prashant K. Dhakephalkar ◽  
Tony M. Callaghan ◽  
Sumit S. Dagar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Indian States ◽  
Fecal Samples ◽  
Boer Goat ◽  
Zoospore Release ◽  
Apical Pore ◽  
The Us ◽  
Culture Independent ◽  
Microscopic Features ◽  
Axis Deer ◽  
Sporangial Wall

ABSTRACTWe isolated and characterized sixty-five anaerobic gut fungi (AGF, Neocallimastigomycota) strains from fecal samples of five wild (W), one zoo-housed (Z), and three domesticated (D) herbivores in the US states of Texas (TX) and Oklahoma (OK), Wales (WA), and the Indian states of Kerala (KE) and Haryana (HA). Phylogenetic assessment based on D1-D2 region of the large rRNA subunit (LSU) identified seven distinct lineages, with strains recovered from Axis Deer (W-TX) clustering within theOrpinomyces-Neocallimastix-Pecoramyces-Feramycesclade; Boer Goat-domesticated Goat strains (W-TX, D-KE) clustering within theOontomyces-Anaeromyces-Liebetanzomycesclade; and domesticated Goat and Sheep strains (D-HA) as well as Nilgiri Tahr strains (W-KE) forming two distinct clades associated with genusBuwchfawromyces. The remaining three lineages, represented by strains recovered from Mouflon-Boer Goat (W-TX), White Tailed Deer (W-OK), and Zebra-Horse (Z-OK, and D-WA), displayed no specific suprageneric affiliation. All strains displayed monocentric thalli and produced mono/uniflagellate zoospores with the exception of Axis Deer strains, which produced polyflagellate zoospores. Isolates displayed multiple interesting microscopic features including sporangia with tightly constricted necks and fine septa at the base (Axis Deer), papillated and pseudo-intercalary sporangia (White-Tailed Deer), swollen sporangiophores and zoospores with long flagella (Mouflon-Boer Goat), zoospore release through an apical pore followed by either sporangial wall collapse (Axis Deer and Boer Goat-domesticated Goat) or sporangial wall remaining intact after discharge (Zebra-Horse), multi-sporangiated thalli with branched sporangiophores (Zebra-Horse), and short sporangiophores with subsporangial swellings (Nilgiri Tahr). Internal transcribed spacer-1 region (ITS-1) sequence analysis indicated that Zebra-Horse strains are representatives of the AL1 lineage, frequently encountered in culture-independent surveys of the alimentary tract and fecal samples from hindgut fermenters. The other six lineages, five of which were isolated from wild herbivores, have not been previously encountered in such surveys. Our results significantly expand the genus level diversity within the Neocallimastigomycota, and strongly suggest that wild herbivores represent a yet-untapped reservoir of AGF diversity. We propose the creation of seven novel genera and eight novel Neocallimastigomycota species to accommodate these strains, for which we propose the namesAgriosomyces longus(Mouflon and wild Boer Goat),Aklioshbomyces papillarum(White tailed Deer),Capellomyces foraminis(wild Boar Goat) andC. elongatus(domesticated Goat),Ghazallomyces constrictus(Axis Deer),Joblinomyces apicalis(domesticated Goat and Sheep),Khoyollomyces ramosus(Zebra-Horse), andTahromyces munnarensis(Nilgiri Tahr). The type species are strains Axs-31, WT-2, MS-4, BGB-11, GFKJa1916, GFH683, ZS-33, and TDFKJa193, respectively.

Circinella simplex—a misapplied name of Mucor circinatus sp. nov.

Phytotaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 329 (3) ◽  
pp. 269 ◽  
Author(s):  
DIOGO X. LIMA ◽  
CRISTINA M. SOUZA-MOTTA ◽  
LYSETT WAGNER ◽  
KERSTIN VOIGT ◽  
CARLOS A. F. DE SOUZA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Geographic Distribution ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Original Description ◽  
Atlantic Rainforest ◽  
Undescribed Species ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Genus Mucor ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Morphological Differences ◽  
Sporangial Wall

Circinella (Mucorales, Mucoromycotina) is morphologically similar to Mucor, differing by the production of circinate sporangiophores and sporangia with a persistent and incrusted sporangial wall. During a study on the diversity of Mucorales in areas of the Atlantic Rainforest in Brazil, we isolated a strain that fits the current morphological concept of C. simplex of Hesseltine and Fennell (1955) by forming simple circinate sporangiophores with secondary branches and angular sporangiospores. Molecular phylogenetic analyses based on three different markers (ITS, LSU and MCM7) confirmed conspecificity of the Brazilian strain with other angular spored strains of the CBS collection including the strain studied by Hesseltine & Fennell (1955). The molecular phylogenetic analyses clearly placed these strains in the genus Mucor in the close relationship to M. laxorrhizus and M. fuscus. However, in his original description van Tieghem (1875) described and illustrated C. simplex with sporangiophores without secondary branches and globose sporangiospores. Based on these striking morphological differences combined with a differing geographic distribution, we conclude that the angular-spored strains represent a separate undescribed species for which we propose the name Mucor circinatus sp. nov.

Studies in Gentianaceae. Embryology of Swertia minor (Gentianinae)

1982 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Sankara Rao ◽  
M. Nagaraj
Keyword(s):  
Embryo Development ◽  
Taxonomic Significance ◽  
Polygonum Type ◽  
Anther Tapetum ◽  
Wall Formation ◽  
Pertinent Data ◽  
Dual Origin ◽  
Antipodal Cells ◽  
Sporangial Wall

The embryology of Swertia minor Knobl. (Gentianinae Gentianaceae) was studied. Features of its development are tetrasporangiate anthers, dicotyledonous type sporangial wall formation, glandular anther tapetum and its dual origin, simultaneous cytokinesis in microsporocytes, tricolporate two-celled pollen, unilocular ovary, forked parietal placentae, tenuinucellar unitegmic anatropous ovules, Polygonum-type megagametogenesis, persistent multiple multinucleate highly enlarged haustorial antipodal cells, nuclear endosperm, Solanad type embryo development, and multiseriate suspensor. Embryological features of taxonomic significance in the Gentianinae are compiled in a review of the pertinent data on the subtribe.

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