Changes in song structure and singing pattern of the Grey Thrush Turdus cardis in response to song playback and mate removal experiments

2008 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toru Ishizuka
Keyword(s):  
Song Structure ◽  
Mate Removal ◽  
Removal Experiments ◽  
Song Playback

scholarly journals The effect of mate removal on dawn singing behaviour in male pied bush chats

2011 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vinaya Kumar Sethi ◽  
Dinesh Bhatt ◽  
Amit Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Social Relationships ◽  
Dawn Chorus ◽  
Song Complexity ◽  
Performance Time ◽  
Bout Length ◽  
Mate Removal ◽  
Removal Experiments ◽  
Dawn Song ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
Experimental Stage

Abstract To determine the influence of pairing status on dawn singing behaviour in pied bush chats Saxicola caprata, we conducted mate removal experiments across eight territories. The experiment was divided into three stages: pre-removal (pairs were present on their respective territories), removal (females were experimentally removed), and returned (females were released into the focal pairs’ territories). Dawn bout length, song rate, song complexity, percentage performance time, song perch height, and distance of singing location to territory boundary were measured for each male during each experimental stage. We did not find an effect of mate removal on any dawn song characteristics of male pied bush chats suggesting that the presence or absence of a mate does not influence male dawn singing behaviour. Our findings further suggest that males use dawn chorus to mediate social relationships with neighbouring males to proclaim an established territory.

Sewage sludge as a precursor of adsorbents/catalysts for environmental applications

2007 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Ros ◽  
C. Canals-Batlle ◽  
M.A. Lillo-Ródenas ◽  
E. Fuente ◽  
M. A. Montes-Morán ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Textural Properties ◽  
Active Species ◽  
Elemental Sulphur ◽  
Gaseous Emissions ◽  
Removal Experiments ◽  
Catalytically Active

This paper focuses on the valorisation of solid residues obtained from the thermal treatment of sewage sludge. In particular, sewage sludge samples were collected from two waste water treatment plants (WWTPs) with different sludge line basic operations. After drying, sludges were heated up to 700 °C in appropriate ovens under diluted air (gasification) and inert (pyrolysis) atmospheres. The solids obtained, as well as the dried (raw) sludges, were characterised to determine their textural properties and chemical composition, including the speciation of their inorganic fraction. All the materials under study were employed as adsorbents/catalysts in H2S removal experiments at room temperature. It was found that, depending on the particular sludge characteristics, outstanding results can be achieved both in terms of retention capacities and selectivity. Some of the solids outperform commercially available sorbents specially designed for gaseous emissions control. In these adsorbents/catalysts, H2S is selectively oxidised to elemental sulphur most likely due to the presence of inorganic, catalytically active species. The role of the carbon-enriched part on these solids is also remarked.

scholarly journals The effect of isolation, fragmentation, and population bottlenecks on song structure of a Hawaiian honeycreeper

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua M. Pang-Ching ◽  
Kristina L. Paxton ◽  
Eben H. Paxton ◽  
Adam A. Pack ◽  
Patrick J. Hart
Keyword(s):  
Population Bottlenecks ◽  
Song Structure

scholarly journals Differential developmental changes in cortical representations of auditory-vocal stimuli in songbirds

2019 ◽  
Vol 121 (2) ◽  
pp. 530-548 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel C. Yuan ◽  
Sarah W. Bottjer
Keyword(s):  
Motor Skill ◽  
Motor Pattern ◽  
Vocal Learning ◽  
Skill Learning ◽  
Neural Representation ◽  
Cortical Region ◽  
Motor Skill Learning ◽  
Zebra Finches ◽  
Cortical Regions ◽  
Song Playback

Procedural skill learning requires iterative comparisons between feedback of self-generated motor output and a goal sensorimotor pattern. In juvenile songbirds, neural representations of both self-generated behaviors (each bird’s own immature song) and the goal motor pattern (each bird’s adult tutor song) are essential for vocal learning, yet little is known about how these behaviorally relevant stimuli are encoded. We made extracellular recordings during song playback in anesthetized juvenile and adult zebra finches ( Taeniopygia guttata) in adjacent cortical regions RA (robust nucleus of the arcopallium), AId (dorsal intermediate arcopallium), and RA cup, each of which is well situated to integrate auditory-vocal information: RA is a motor cortical region that drives vocal output, AId is an adjoining cortical region whose projections converge with basal ganglia loops for song learning in the dorsal thalamus, and RA cup surrounds RA and receives inputs from primary and secondary auditory cortex. We found strong developmental differences in neural selectivity within RA, but not in AId or RA cup. Juvenile RA neurons were broadly responsive to multiple songs but preferred juvenile over adult vocal sounds; in addition, spiking responses lacked consistent temporal patterning. By adulthood, RA neurons responded most strongly to each bird’s own song with precisely timed spiking activity. In contrast, we observed a complete lack of song responsivity in both juvenile and adult AId, even though this region receives song-responsive inputs. A surprisingly large proportion of sites in RA cup of both juveniles and adults did not respond to song playback, and responsive sites showed little evidence of song selectivity. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Motor skill learning entails changes in selectivity for behaviorally relevant stimuli across cortical regions, yet the neural representation of these stimuli remains understudied. We investigated how information important for vocal learning in zebra finches is represented in regions analogous to infragranular layers of motor and auditory cortices during vs. after the developmentally regulated learning period. The results provide insight into how neurons in higher level stages of cortical processing represent stimuli important for motor skill learning.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document