scholarly journals Development of "In-situ" Observation System for Oxide Films Formed during Thermal Oxidation Using Raman Spectroscopy

1995 ◽  
Vol 81 (6) ◽  
pp. 607-612 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takayuki NARUSHIMA ◽  
Naoki KIKUCHI ◽  
Makoto MARUYAMA ◽  
Haruo ARASHI ◽  
Yuichiro NISHINA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Thermal Oxidation ◽  
Oxide Films ◽  
Observation System ◽  
In Situ Observation

In Situ Observation of Oxide Films Formed during Thermal Oxidation of SiC-B4C Composite Using Raman Spectroscopy

1995 ◽  
Vol 113 ◽  
pp. 99-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takayuki Narushima ◽  
Miho Maruyama ◽  
H. Arashi ◽  
Takashi Goto ◽  
Toshio Hirai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Thermal Oxidation ◽  
Oxide Films ◽  
In Situ Observation

scholarly journals Pelagic deep-sea fauna observed on video transects in the southern Norwegian Sea

Polar Biology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philipp Neitzel ◽  
Aino Hosia ◽  
Uwe Piatkowski ◽  
Henk-Jan Hoving
Keyword(s):  
First Record ◽  
Observation System ◽  
In Situ Observation ◽  
Norwegian Sea ◽  
Video Recordings ◽  
In Situ Observations ◽  
Abundance And Distribution ◽  
Oceanic Food Webs ◽  
Deep Sea Fauna

AbstractObservations of the diversity, distribution and abundance of pelagic fauna are absent for many ocean regions in the Atlantic, but baseline data are required to detect changes in communities as a result of climate change. Gelatinous fauna are increasingly recognized as vital players in oceanic food webs, but sampling these delicate organisms in nets is challenging. Underwater (in situ) observations have provided unprecedented insights into mesopelagic communities in particular for abundance and distribution of gelatinous fauna. In September 2018, we performed horizontal video transects (50–1200 m) using the pelagic in situ observation system during a research cruise in the southern Norwegian Sea. Annotation of the video recordings resulted in 12 abundant and 7 rare taxa. Chaetognaths, the trachymedusaAglantha digitaleand appendicularians were the three most abundant taxa. The high numbers of fishes and crustaceans in the upper 100 m was likely the result of vertical migration. Gelatinous zooplankton included ctenophores (lobate ctenophores,Beroespp.,Euplokamissp., and an undescribed cydippid) as well as calycophoran and physonect siphonophores. We discuss the distributions of these fauna, some of which represent the first record for the Norwegian Sea.

The Copernicus global 1/12° oceanic and sea ice reanalysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Michel Lellouche ◽  
Romain Bourdalle-Badie ◽  
Eric Greiner ◽  
Gilles Garric ◽  
Angelique Melet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sea Ice ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Observation System ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Free Access ◽  
In Situ Observation ◽  
Seasonal Forecasts ◽  
Concentration Data

<p>The GLORYS12V1 system is a global eddy-resolving physical ocean and sea ice reanalysis at 1/12° resolution covering the 1993-present altimetry period, designed and implemented in the framework of the Copernicus Marine Environment Monitoring Service (CMEMS). All the essential ocean physical variables from this reanalysis are available with free access through the CMEMS data portal.</p><p>The GLORYS12V1 reanalysis is based on the current CMEMS global real-time forecasting system, apart from a few specificities that are detailed in this manuscript. The model component is the NEMO platform driven at the surface by atmospheric conditions from the ECMWF ERA-Interim reanalysis. Ocean observations are assimilated by means of a reduced-order Kalman filter. Along track altimeter sea level anomaly, satellite sea surface temperature and sea ice concentration data and in situ temperature and salinity (T/S) vertical profiles are jointly assimilated. A 3D-VAR scheme provides an additional correction for the slowly-evolving large-scale biases in temperature and salinity.</p><p>The performance of the reanalysis is first addressed in the space of the assimilated observations and shows a clear dependency on the time-dependent in situ observation system, which is intrinsic to most reanalyses. The general assessment of GLORYS12V1 highlights a level of performance at the state-of-the-art and the reliability of the system to correctly capture the main expected climatic interannual variability signals for ocean and sea ice, the general circulation and the inter-basins exchanges. In terms of trends, GLORYS12V1 shows a higher than observed  warming trend together with a lower than observed global mean sea level rise.</p><p>Comparisons made with an experiment carried out on the same platform without assimilation show the benefit of data assimilation in controlling water masses properties and their low frequency variability. Examination of the deep signals below 2000 m depth shows that the reanalysis does not suffer from artificial signals even in the pre-Argo period.</p><p>Moreover, GLORYS12V1 represents particularly well the small-scale variability of surface dynamics and compares well with independent (non-assimilated) data. Comparisons made with a twin experiment carried out at ¼° resolution allows characterizing and quantifying the strengthened contribution of the 1/12° resolution onto the downscaled dynamics.</p><p>In conclusion, GLORYS12V1 provides a reliable physical ocean state for climate variability and supports applications such as seasonal forecasts. In addition, this reanalysis has strong assets to serve regional applications and should provide relevant physical conditions for applications such as marine biogeochemistry. In a near future, GLORYS12V1 will be maintained to be as close as possible to real time and could therefore provide a relevant reference statistical framework for many operational applications.</p>

scholarly journals Lubrication Analysis of Micro-Dimple Textured Die Surface by Direct Observation of Contact Interface in Sheet Metal Forming

Metals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 917 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shimizu ◽  
Kobayashi ◽  
Vorholt ◽  
Yang
Keyword(s):  
Metal Forming ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Sliding Friction ◽  
Flow Analysis ◽  
Hydrodynamic Pressure ◽  
Observation System ◽  
In Situ Observation ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Micro Dimple

: To investigate the underlying mechanism of the effects of surface texturing on lubricated sliding friction in the metal forming operation, an in-situ observation system using transparent silica glass dies and a high speed recording camera was newly developed. To correlate the dimensional parameters of micro-dimple textured structures and tribological properties in the metal forming operation, the in-situ observation was performed during bending with the ironing process of the stainless steel sheet with a thickness of 0.1 mm. The lubrication behavior were compared between the different lubricant viscosities and the micro-dimple textures with different diameters of 10 µm, 50 µm, 100 µm fabricated by using femto-/pico-second laser processing. As a result, the textured die with dimple diameters of 10 µm and 50 µm showed the lubricant flow transferred from one to the other dimples owing to the lubricant reservoir effect, while that of 100 µm indicated the less supply of the lubricant. However, the textured die with a dimple diameter of 10 µm demonstrated higher ironing force than that of 50 µm, due to the severe adhesion of work materials inside the dimple structures. Based on these experimental findings, the dimple size dependencies on lubricant reservoirs effects and the generation of the hydrodynamic pressure were discussed by correlating with the in-situ observation results, a fluid-flow analysis and a laminar two-phase flow analysis using the finite element method.

Investigation of the Cracking Behaviors by Indentation Based on an In Situ Observation

2014 ◽  
Vol 627 ◽  
pp. 361-364 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasuhiro Yamazaki
Keyword(s):  
Indentation Test ◽  
Crack Size ◽  
Indentation Load ◽  
In Situ Measurement ◽  
Observation System ◽  
In Situ Observation ◽  
Test Machine ◽  
Transparent Ceramics ◽  
The Relationship

In this paper, an in-situ measurement of crack size as a function of applied indentation load during indentation test was conducted. To perform the in-situ measurement, an instrumented indentation test machine with the in-situ observation system was developed and used. The joints of transparent ceramics by diffusion bonding were prepared as the specimen used in this study. The indentations were performed at the interface of the joints, and in the monolithic transparent ceramics by means of the instrumented indenter with the in-situ observation system. The relationship between crack shape and indentation load, as well as, the effect of the indenter shape on it were discussed.

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