scholarly journals Evaluation of Some Botanicals against Callosobruchus chinensis L. Infesting Stored Chickpea Seeds and Bio-Chemical Analysis of Used Botanicals

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 679-686
Author(s):  
Tumma Mounika ◽  
◽  
S. K. Sahoo ◽  
D. Chakraborty ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Management Strategies ◽  
Datura Stramonium ◽  
Adult Mortality ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Ocimum Sanctum ◽  
Melia Azedarach ◽  
Callosobruchus Chinensis ◽  
Stored Grain ◽  
Leaf Powder ◽  
Stored Grain Pests

A study was carried out to evaluate the bio-efficacy of some botanicals against Callosobruchus chinensis L. in stored chickpea (Variety: Anuradha) in the year 2018–20. Different botanicals like Neem (Azadirachta indica), Melia (Melia azedarach), Datura (Datura stramonium) and Tulsi (Ocimum sanctum) were used. Among all the botanicals Neem leaf powder @ 6% performed better with minimum egg laying (64 eggs 5 females-1) compared to the other botanicals except the standard check with Deltamethrin @ 0.04%. Thereafter, 6% Melia leaf powder and 8% Datura leaf powder recorded 87.50 eggs 5 females-1 and 91.25 eggs 5 females-1, respectively. With regard to adult mortality, the best result was also obtained from the treatment Neem leaf powder @6% with 96.67% mortality in 5th day. Following the same trend, 6% Melia leaf powder and 8% Datura leaf powder exhibited 90% and 83.33% adult mortality, respectively, in 5th day. The estimation of total phenols and total antioxidants (IC-50) contents in Neem leaf powder (345.69 mg g-1 and 207.77 μg ml-1), Melia leaf powder (273.40 mg g-1 and 383.68 μg ml-1) and Datura Leaf Powder (213.62 mg g-1 and 405.77 μg ml-1) also confirms the findings of the bio-efficacy trial of the botanicals. Tulsi leaf powder @5% was least efficacious both in terms of egg laying by the females as well as adult mortality. These botanicals are locally available, economic, bio-degradable and safe to the environment. Therefore, they may be fitted in the Integrated Pest Management strategies against stored grain pests as seed protectants.

scholarly journals Biopesticidal Management of Pulse Beetle (Callosobruchus Chinensis L) in Chickpea Seeds

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. p184
Author(s):  
Md. Israfil Jahan ◽  
Masum Ahmad ◽  
Md. Sohanur Rahman ◽  
Fakhar Uddin Talukder
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Adult Emergence ◽  
Datura Stramonium ◽  
Adult Mortality ◽  
Callosobruchus Chinensis ◽  
Control Seed ◽  
Plant Powders ◽  
Pulse Beetle ◽  
Leaf Powder

The pesticidal efficacy of four locally available leaves of botanicals like neem (Azadirachta indica), datura (Datura stramonium),  marigold (Tagetes erecta) and garlic (Allium sativum L.) tablet powders was assessed on pulse bettle (Callosobruchus chinensis L) through adult mortality and emergence, oviposition performance, seed damage, weight loss and germination  of chickpea (Cicer arietinum). The above test biopesticides were tested at three different rates (0.5 g, 1.0 g and 1.50 g powder/kg of chickpea seeds). All the tested powder showed significant effect on the above parameters. The highest adult mortality was recorded when chickpea seeds were treated with datura leaf powder at 1.50 g/kg, whereas marigold showed the least effect on adult mortality. The powders used in the experiment effectively controlled oviposition and adult emergence of pulse beetle. The lowest number of adult emergence was obtained from chickpea seeds treated with datura leaf powder at 1.50 g/kg. The highest weight loss was observed in control seeds followed by marigold leaf powder 0.5 g/kg gram seeds. Datura leaf powder treated seeds showed the lowest seed weight loss followed by neem, garlic and marigold. Plant powders had profound effect on seed germination. The highest germination was observed in treated seed with datura leaf powder at 1.50 g/kg and the lowest germination in control seed followed by marigold leaf powder at 1.5 g/kg treated seeds. The pesticidal effect on oviposition, adult mortality, adult emergence, and seed weight loss was directly proportional to leaf powder rates.

scholarly journals Molecular characterization and identification of three stored grain pests based on mitochondrial cytochrome C oxidase subunit I (COI) gene sequences

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Abu Faiz Md Aslam ◽  
Sharmin Sultana ◽  
Faria Farhana Rain ◽  
Sumita Rani Das ◽  
Ayesha Siddika ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insect Pests ◽  
Sitophilus Oryzae ◽  
Dna Barcode ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Coi Gene ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Callosobruchus Chinensis ◽  
Pest Species ◽  
Stored Grain ◽  
Stored Grain Pests

Stored grain pests are discovered in food as immature stages, which further complicates the identification process. A DNA barcode dataset of some important pests that can be used for easy and confirm identification in stages of life is constructed. COI genes of three stored grain insect pests i.e,, Sitophilus oryzae, Callosobruchus chinensis and Oryzaephilus surinamensis were sequenced. The sequenced genes were submitted to NCBI GenBank and obtained accession numbers MG967331.1, MG967332.1, MG967333.1 and MK041216.1. BLAST analysis showed 99 to 100% homology with existing GenBank sequences. The nucleotide composition analysis revealed that the value of A+T (64.8%) is greater than G+C (35.2%). Genetic distance among four sequences of three store pests were ranged from 0.00293-0.32807. Phylogenetic analysis showed that these three species are originated from different clades. Haplotype analysis of mitochondrial COI gene of the stored grain insect pests showed high genetic diversity among them. C. chinensis, O. surinamensis and S. oryzae were separated from their common ancestor by 80, 73 and 64 mutational steps. These information may be helpful for attempting any successful control measures against the pest species. In conclusion, present author established the first DNA barcode dataset of three store grain pests and confirmed its efficiency for identifying these pests. Bangladesh J. Zool. 47(1): 1-11, 2019

scholarly journals Phytochemical Action of White Mulberry Extracts against Three Important Stored Grain Pests

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 359-366
Author(s):  
Z. R. Sabuj ◽  
A. Khatun ◽  
M. Abdullah ◽  
D. M. Badruddoza ◽  
H. Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Petroleum Ether ◽  
Tribolium Castaneum ◽  
Sitophilus Oryzae ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Callosobruchus Chinensis ◽  
Ether Extract ◽  
Stored Grain ◽  
Chcl3 Extract ◽  
Stored Grain Pests ◽  
White Mulberry

Petroleum ether (Pet. ether), CHCl3 and CH3OH extracts of white mulberry were subjected to dose-mortality tests against Callosobruchus chinensis (L.), Sitophilus oryzae (L.) and Tribolium castaneum (Hbst.). Pet. ether extract of  leaves against C. chinensis, S. oryzae and T. castaneum provided LD50 9.16, 5.06, 3.79, 2.81, 2.06, 1.55, 1.32, 1.38 mg/g; 17.6, 12.9, 11.3, 82.4, 83.5, 9.47, 8.73, 8.61 mg/g and 0.93, 0.826, 0.691, 0.623, 0.567, 0.532, 0.525 mg/cm2 after 0.5, 6, 12, 24, 36, 48, 60, 72 h of exposures respectively. Against C. chinensis Pet. ether extract of root and stem bark gave LD50 28.3, 20.7, 18.4, 16.9, 14.4, 13.6, 13.3, 13.3 mg/g and 86.3, 228.9, 177, 109, 61.0, 21.8, 0.999, 15 mg/g after 0.5, 6, 12, 24, 36, 48, 60, 72 h of exposures respectively. CH3OH extracts of leaves offered LD50 21.5, 20.4, 17, 16.2, 15.6, 14.7 mg/g against C. chinensis; 5.4, 14.7, 13.7, 11, 10.9, 9.46, 9.10 mg/g against S. oryzae; and 3.804, 3.429, 3.284, 2.736, 2.441, 2.311, 2.264 mg/cm2 against T. castaneum after 6, 12, 24, 36, 48, 60, 72 h of exposures respectively. Against S. oryzae CH3OH extract of root and CHCl3 of stem bark gave LD50 19.5, 19.1, 17.5, 16.7, 16.2, 15.8, 15.9 mg/g and 9.77, 9.44, 7.71, 6.56, 5.94, 5.39, 5.4 mg/g after 6, 12, 24, 36, 48, 60, 72 h of exposures respectively. However, CHCl3 extract of leaves and root didn’t show mortality.

scholarly journals Stored Grain Pests and Current Advances for their Management

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rayees Ahmad ◽  
Shafiya Hassan ◽  
Showkat Ahmad ◽  
Syed Nighat ◽  
Yendrambamb K. Devi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Stored Grain ◽  
Preventive Practices ◽  
Flour Beetles ◽  
Fresh Food ◽  
Stored Grains ◽  
Stored Grain Pests ◽  
The Common

During the offseason, when fresh food is not available, humans have to consume stored grain food. Unfortunately, these stored grains are later infested with many pests. Foods stored in bags and bins are very much susceptible to infestation with several pests which can cause extensive post-harvest losses, spoilage, and less demand in markets, causing a huge economic crisis. Hence, successful management of stored grain pests becomes necessary to prevent these from insect pests. Current approaches for their management are one of the promising goals, as it includes preventive practices, monitoring, sanitation, and identification of main pathogens. Different management strategies of all the common stored grain pests viz. grain weevils, grain borers, grain moths, flour moths, mealworms, grain and flour beetles, booklice, mites, and parasites are enlisted here.

Influence of Different Plant Powders as Grain Protectants on Sitophilus oryzae (L.) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in Stored Wheat

2020 ◽  
Vol 83 (12) ◽  
pp. 2167-2172
Author(s):  
VASU MEHTA ◽  
SURJEET KUMAR
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Sitophilus Oryzae ◽  
Population Increase ◽  
Ocimum Sanctum ◽  
Melia Azedarach ◽  
Ageratum Conyzoides ◽  
Stored Wheat ◽  
Grain Damage ◽  
Plant Powders ◽  
Leaf Powder

ABSTRACT Sitophilus oryzae (L.) is the most widespread and destructive insect of stored wheat throughout the world. The main aim of the study was to find ecofriendly alternatives to chemical fumigants and synthetic insecticides for the control of weevils in stored wheat. The leaf powder of Ageratum conyzoides proved to be the best treatment against the weevil that resulted in maximum mean cumulative mortality (96.67%), the lowest monthly population increase (18.33), and the least grain damage (12.61%) and weight loss (1.75%) during 6 months of storage. The next best treatments were the drupe powder of Melia azedarach, followed by Vitex negundo and Ocimum sanctum. A. conyzoides, Melia azedarach, and O. sanctum were found effective even 3 months after preparation. The leaf powder of Murraya koenigii resulted into the lowest mean cumulative adult mortality (14.23%), the highest monthly population increase (132.78), and the highest grain damage (47.50%) and weight loss (11.07%), thus proving to be the least effective. HIGHLIGHTS

Mercury as a Preventive against Stored Grain Pests

1946 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 131-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khan A. Rahman ◽  
Gurcharn Singh Sohi
Keyword(s):  
Deleterious Effect ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Eating Quality ◽  
Stored Grain ◽  
Stored Grain Pests

Mercury and tin amalgam were tried in mud bins, metallic bins and bamboo bins at different places in the Punjab. Mercury distributed throughout the bin at the rate of 3–4 tolas per maund of wheat proved effective in completely checking the increase of various stored grain pests. Mercury used at the bottom and top 10–12 in. layer of grains in the bin also proved fairly effective. Tin amalgam even with as high a dose as 13½ tolas per maund of wheat did not prove effective. Loss of mercury during use is very slight. Mercury has no deleterious effect on the germination or eating quality of wheat.Mercury kills the fresh eggs of stored grain pests, but the eggs in an advanced stageof development are not adversely affected. It retards the growth but does not kill the larvae of T. granarium and Bruchus sp. It has no effect on the pupae, but affects the egg laying capacity of adults very slightly.

Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Thymol Functionalized Oxadiazole thiol, Triazole thione and β-lactam Derivatives

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jyoti Gaba ◽  
Sunita Sharma ◽  
Pardeep Kaur ◽  
Sukesha Joshi
Keyword(s):  
Adult Emergence ◽  
Biological Evaluation ◽  
Phytopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Callosobruchus Chinensis ◽  
Spectroscopic Techniques ◽  
Stored Grain ◽  
Thymol Derivatives ◽  
Grain Damage ◽  
Ir Spectroscopic

Abstract:: In the present study, different derivatives of thymol (1) viz. hydrazide (2), oxadiazole thiol (3), triazole thione (4), hydrazones (5-7) and β-lactams (8-10) were synthesized. All synthesized compounds were identified and characterized using elemental analysis, UV-Visible, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, IR spectroscopic techniques. Synthesized thymol derivatives were evaluated for antifungal potential against phytopathogenic fungi Fusarium moniliforme, Rhizoctonia solani, Dreschlera madis of maize in comparison to recommended standards in terms of percent inhibition and ED50 values. Thymol was more effective as compared to its derivatives against all three tested fungi. Hydrazones (5-7) and β-lactams (8-10) having m-NO2 substituted phenyl ring (6, 9) were less effective as compared to o-NO2 and p-NO2 analogues against F. moniliforme and R. solani, however reverse trend was observed against D. maydis. Thymol and its derivatives were also tested for insecticidal activity against stored grain (chickpea) insect Callosobruchus chinensis and various parameters viz. egg laying, adult emergence and grain damage were recorded and compared. Compounds having oxadiazole thiol (3) and triazole thione (4) moiety showed promising effects against insect C. chinensis.

Efficacy of Chromolaena odorata leaf powder and Beauveria bassiana against stored grain pests

2018 ◽  
Vol 80 (3) ◽  
pp. 1005
Author(s):  
Surajit Kalita ◽  
Lakshmi Kanta Hazarika ◽  
Purnima Das ◽  
Karishma Das
Keyword(s):  
Beauveria Bassiana ◽  
Chromolaena Odorata ◽  
Stored Grain ◽  
Leaf Powder ◽  
Stored Grain Pests

STUDY ON DEVELOPMENT OF PASTA PRODUCT WITH INCORPORATION OF OCIMUM SANCTUM (BASIL) TO ENHANCE THE SENSORY AND NUTRITIONAL QUALITY

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
PIYUSH MISHRA ◽  
DEVENDRA KUMAR BHATT
Keyword(s):  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Shelf Life ◽  
Nutritional Quality ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Storage Stability ◽  
Natural Antioxidants ◽  
Sensory Properties ◽  
Ocimum Sanctum ◽  
Leaf Powder

Pasta was prepared by incorporation of Ocimum sanctum (Basil) for better textural and sensory properties. The pasta was incorporated with the leaf extract of Ocimum sanctum at different concentrations of control, 5, 10, and 15.The natural antioxidants present in the O. sanctum leaf powder that was incorporated in the fruit leather showed extended shelf-life over three months when compared with control, without any added preservative at ambient temperature. Also the nutritional stability of the product was studied under two flexible packages of polypropylene and polyester out of that the products packed in polypropylene showed better storage stability .

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