scholarly journals Gendering Placement in Displacement: Transnational Im/mobility and the Refugee Camp in Emer Martin’s Baby Zero

2021 ◽  
pp. 68-78
Author(s):  
Aida Rosende Pérez ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Vulnerability ◽  
Refugee Camp ◽  
Conflict Zones ◽  
Displaced Populations ◽  
Women And Girls ◽  
Forms Of Violence ◽  
Insight Into

This article concentrates on the analysis of the space of the refugee camp in Emer Martin’s third novel Baby Zero (2007), critically appraising this space as a fundamental site of transnational im/mobility simultaneously “homing” those who have been violently expulsed from their home, as well as retaining them as a measure of containment of migratory flows. As such, the camp will be posed here as a relevant example of the necropolitics (Mbembe) that extremely precarise the lives of displaced populations thrusting them into bare lives (Agamben), while concurrently pushing forward a much needed insight into its gendered inflections. This examination will evidence not only that “placement in displacement matters” (Hyndman 25), but also that placement in displacement is profoundly gendered and brings with it distinct forms of violence that feed on the extreme social vulnerability of women and girls in conflict zones and also in refugee settlements.

scholarly journals Physical, sexual and psychological intimate partner violence and non-partner sexual violence against women and girls: a systematic review protocol for producing global, regional and country estimates

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. e045574
Author(s):  
Heidi Stöckl ◽  
Lynnmarie Sardinha ◽  
Mathieu Maheu-Giroux ◽  
Sarah R Meyer ◽  
Claudia García-Moreno
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Violence Against Women ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Sustainable Development Goal ◽  
Development Goal ◽  
Women And Girls ◽  
Forms Of Violence

IntroductionIn 2013, the WHO published the first global and regional estimates on physical and sexual intimate partner violence (IPV) and non-partner sexual violence (NPSV) based on a systematic review of population-based prevalence studies. In this protocol, we describe a new systematic review for the production of updated estimates for IPV and NPSV for global monitoring of violence against women, including providing the baseline for measuring Sustainable Development Goal to eliminate all forms of violence against women and girls.Methods and analysisThe systematic review will update and extend the previous search for population-based surveys (either nationally or subnationally representative) conducted among women aged 15+ years that measured the prevalence of physical, sexual, psychological and physical and/or sexual IPV, NPSV or sexual violence by any perpetrator up to December 2019. Data will be extracted separately for all age groups, setting (urban/rural), partnership status (currently partnered/ever partnered/all women) and recall period (lifetime prevalence/past 12 months). Studies will be identified from electronic searches of online databases of EMBASE, MEDLINE, Global Health and PsycInfo. A search of national statistics office homepages will be conducted for each country to identify reports on population-based, national or subnational studies that include data on IPV or NPSV published outside academic journals. Two reviewers will be involved in quality assessment and data extraction of the review. The review is planned to be updated on a continuous basis. All findings will undergo a country consultation process.Ethics and disseminationFormal ethical approval is not required, as primary data will not be collected. This systematic review will provide a basis and a follow-up tool for global monitoring of the Sustainable Development Goal Target 5.2 on the elimination of all forms of violence against women and girls.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42017054100.

Fiji

2015 ◽  
pp. 1246-1270
Author(s):  
Hansdeep Singh ◽  
Jaspreet Singh ◽  
Marjory D. Fields
Keyword(s):  
Legal System ◽  
Cultural Background ◽  
Interesting Case ◽  
Democratic Process ◽  
Policy Recommendations ◽  
Conflict Zones ◽  
Public Spheres ◽  
The World ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
Forms Of Violence

Fiji is a very interesting case for studying the bridges between private and public spheres and social and cultural background. Despite its idyllic setting and concentration of resources, Fiji has one of the highest rates of violence against women, outside of conflict zones, in the world. The state, legal system, and society have simply failed to protect the women against different forms of violence and discrimination. The lack of parliamentary democratic process certainly has contributed to the deplorable situation. After analyzing the roots of the problem, the authors introduce comprehensive policy recommendations to help rectify the situation. The problems in Fiji are rather extreme, and there is a lot to learn for everyone about the weakness of state and institutions to perform some of their most fundamental functions.

What Is Violence against Women and Girls (VAWG)?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacqui True
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Violence Against Women ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Women And Girls ◽  
Forms Of Violence

What do we mean by VAWG? “Violence against women and girls” (VAWG) is a catch-all phrase. It includes a wide range of forms of violence. Often when people talk about VAWG in Western societies, they are referring to intimate partner violence or domestic violence...

scholarly journals A Body Speaks: State, Media, and Public Responses to Femicide in Guatemala

Laws ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 73
Author(s):  
Erin Beck ◽  
Amir Mohamed
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Criminal Justice System ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Public Attention ◽  
High Profile ◽  
Women And Girls ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
New Institutions ◽  
Forms Of Violence ◽  
Criminal Justice Response

In 2008, Guatemala passed the Law against Femicide and Other Forms of Violence against Women, establishing the gender-based killing of women (femicide) as a unique crime. Since then, over 9000 Guatemalan women and girls have died violent deaths. How do Guatemalan institutions and publics react to these women’s murders, and what do these reactions reveal about the impacts of legislative reform for individual victims, Guatemalan society, and criminal justice institutions? To answer these questions, we analyze state, media, and public reactions to three high-profile femicides that took place after the 2008 VAW Law. We trace the criminal justice response and legal developments following each femicide, and couple this with an analysis of newspaper coverage and social media commentary about the case. We find that despite the passage of new legislation and the creation of new institutions, various weaknesses in the Guatemalan criminal justice system undermine the impacts of reforms. These weaknesses in the criminal justice system produce three types of injuries: (1) individual injuries by hurting victims and their families; (2) public injuries by diverting public attention away from reflections about social norms and VAWG; and (3) institutional injuries by reinforcing the public’s distrust of the criminal justice system.

scholarly journals Factors affecting the implementation of the Minimum Initial Service Package (MISP) for reproductive health during crisis: the case of Eritrean refugees in northern Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alemayehu Bayray Kahsay ◽  
Alemshet Teshale Haftu ◽  
Afewerki Tesfahunegn Nigusse
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Sexual And Reproductive Health ◽  
Home Country ◽  
Refugee Camp ◽  
Health Needs ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Service Package ◽  
Women And Girls

Abstract Background: The Minimum Initial Service Package (MISP) is a series of crucial actions required to respond to reproductive health needs at the onset of every humanitarian crisis. Moreover, MISP is a coordinated priority activity to prevent and manage the consequences of sexual violence; prevent excess maternal and newborn morbidity and mortality; reduce HIV transmission; and plan for comprehensive RH services beginning in the early days and weeks of an emergency. During conflicts, natural disasters and public health emergencies, sexual and reproductive health needs are often overlooked. Women and girls may lose access to family planning services, exposing them to unintended pregnancy in dangerous conditions. Women and girls also become more vulnerable to sexual violence, exploitation and HIV infection. In this article we document the practices and factors associated with availability and implementation of services as measured by the MISP for reproductive health in the Eritrean refugee camp, Northwestern zone of Tigray, Ethiopia. Methods: we conducted an institution based cross sectional study from October 07- 30, 2019 among female reproductive age groups (15-49yrs) who arrived and lived in the refugee camp from June 01 to October 07, 2019. A systematic random sampling method was applied to recruit 422 participants. We collected the data through face-to-face interview using a structured questionnaire. Binary Logistic regression was applied to assess factors associated with MISP implementation. Results: About 38% of the refugees utilized Minimum Initial Service Package of reproductive health during their stay in the camp. Factors like age of 15–24 years [AOR = 0.38(95% CI,0.20-0.73)], being rural residents in home country [AOR =0 .53(95% CI,0.34-0.83], short time length of stay in the refugee camp [AOR = 0 .56(95% CI,0.33-0.95)] were negative predictors, while previous exposure to health information[ AOR = 2.24(95% CI1.44-3.48)] was a positive predictor of MISP services utilization among the refugees in the reproductive age. Conclusion: The MISP of reproductive health utilization in the refugee camp is relatively high . Previous information on reproductive health helped the refugees in utilizing the service, while a short stay in the refugee camp, being rural residents in their home country and being young age were barriers to utilization of MISP of RH. Strengthening and introducing sexual and reproductive health services for the youth during early crisis would prevent morbidity in refugees. Key words: MISP, RH, Eritrean Refugee camp, Ethiopia

scholarly journals Sport Ireland Women In Sport

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 172-189
Author(s):  
Nora Stapleton
Keyword(s):  
Financial Support ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Equal Opportunity ◽  
Sports Participation ◽  
Strategic Direction ◽  
Women In Sport ◽  
History Of ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Women And Girls ◽  
Insight Into

The challenges facing women and girls in sport have a long history and many interventions to address these challenges have occurred over the years. It is well documented that these challenges no longer simply apply to female’s active participation in sport and physical activity but through all aspects of the sporting landscape, i.e. coaching, officiating, leadership, governance and visibility. Though time has seen improvements naturally, Sport Ireland financial support and dedicated women in sport programmes developed as a result have had positive impacts which are explored in this paper.Using information gathered through the work of Sport Ireland, its databases, commissioned reports, dedicated policies and via reports from National Governing Bodies and Local Sports Partnerships, this paper provides a more detailed insight into the history of the Sport Ireland Women in Sport programme as well as other areas that impact women and girls in sport. It tracks the evolution of the programme since the inception of funding in 2005 to how it is managed today, as well as outlining some of Sport Ireland’s current Women in Sport (WiS) projects. In order to give a full overview, information is also contained on the history of funding allocated to female High Performance athletes in Ireland. Since the establishment of funding in 2005, the WiS programme set out to, and has successfully, reduced the gap in sports participation levels between men and women. It has now grown to much more than a participation programme with the launch of a policy providing strategic direction to ensure women have equal opportunity across all areas of sport. Now the same attention and commitment is shifting to coaching, officiating, leadership, governance and visibility. The availability of funding for women in sport is an important feature of the Sport Ireland Women in Sport programme. With over €22m awarded to date, NGBs, LSPs and women and girls in society will continue to benefit from monetary grants received. While it is acknowledged that there is a lot more to do to ensure parity amongst males and females in the sporting landscape, it is the view that the work of Sport Ireland through its WiS programme continues to benefit society and is making grounds in areas where inequality, might still occur.

Facets of domestic Violence suffered by women and girls in India and the legislative Framework

Think India ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 17-26
Author(s):  
Gurmeet Kaur
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Married Couples ◽  
Indian Society ◽  
Economic Issue ◽  
Right To Life ◽  
Health Development ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Legislative Framework ◽  
Women And Girls ◽  
Forms Of Violence

‘Domestic violence’ is multifaceted, an eminent challenge being recognized worldwide as tool for oppression of women and girls. It is the major social and economic issue in the Indian society, being raising concerns for the violation of women and girls right to life, health, development and to live with peace and comfort of house where large numbers of women’s and girls are subjected to cruelty, physical harm and various forms of violence having devastating and ill effect on them emotionally as well psychologically. This research paper aims to significantly contribute to the understanding of the various issues relating to domestic violence on women and girls occurring or alleged to have occurred within family between persons sharing same household, married couples or between intimate partners, its effects and causes. This paper further examines the adequacy of law in India to deal with the Domestic violence.

Social vulnerability: An emergency managers’ planning tool

2012 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Garrett Dolan, PhD ◽  
Dmitry Messen, PhD
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Management ◽  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Social Vulnerability ◽  
Natural Hazard ◽  
The United States ◽  
Planning Tool ◽  
Hazard Management ◽  
Emergency Managers ◽  
Hurricane Storm Surge ◽  
Insight Into

The frequency of natural disasters in the United States is increasing.1 Since 1953, there has been an average of 35 Federal Emergency Management Agency declared disasters per year.2 However, more concerning is that the number of declarations has more than doubled over the last 5 years for an average of 73 per year. Although it is true that natural disasters affect everyone regardless of their respective health and/or wealth, it is also true that not everyone will experience the event in the same way. Those who can adapt to changing situations are more likely to overcome adversity. This article explains social vulnerability as an emerging concept in natural hazard management and demonstrates its utility as a tool for planning and preparing for emergencies within the Houston-Galveston hurricane storm surge evacuation zones. Practitioners will gain insight into the characteristics that make individuals vulnerable while providing a basis for determining how to plan for their needs.

scholarly journals Surviving the Storm: Behavioural Economics in the Conflict Environment

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
David A. Savage
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Economic Theory ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Behavioural Economics ◽  
Entry Point ◽  
Disaster Research ◽  
Mainstream Economic ◽  
Conflict Zones ◽  
Methodological Approaches ◽  
Insight Into

AbstractWhile behavioural economics has become part of mainstream economic theory, showing systematic deviations from the standard homo economicius in normal environments, there has been little exploration of behaviour in the extreme – such as conflict, disasters or war zones. This has led to the underdevelopment of behavioural theory examining the choices or motivations of individuals within these environments, resulting in sub-optimal models and policy. This work provides an entry point for the application of behavioural economics within conflict zones, specifically the examination of decision-making of non-combatant individuals. Additionally, it provides insight into the related disaster research field, detailing current studies, overview methodological approaches, approaches and limitations. Concluding with a general discussion and potential implications for policy.

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