The Warsaw Ghetto Workshops: Perspectives of Space and Time in Emanuel Ringelblum and Reuven Ben Shem's Diaries

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (Special Issue) ◽  
pp. 137-150
Author(s):  
Victoria Nizan ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Death Sentence ◽  
Close Reading ◽  
World War ◽  
Time And Space ◽  
Warsaw Ghetto ◽  
Space And Time

"In this paper, I analyze the notion of time and space in the small factories of the Warsaw Ghetto, commonly known as shops, through a close reading of the diaries written in the Ghetto by Emanuel Ringelblum and Reuven Feldschu Ben Shem. In the Warsaw Ghetto of July 22, 1942, there were but two options for Jews: being deported to Treblinka or ""postponing"" the death sentence by becoming a shop worker. As long as one worked in a shop, one's life ー and only one's life, not his family's ー was spared for a while. The authors of the diaries who will be presented, both worked in the shops, and in their writings, they exposed how space and time became significant oppressing factors. As I will show, every familiar perception was challenged in this space of an imposed slave-like existence. Keywords: Jews, 2nd World War, Warsaw Ghetto, Treblinka. "

Space and Time in Isaac Barrow

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Time And Space ◽  
Space And Time

This chapter explores Isaac Barrow’s account of time and space. Barrow’s account is important, partly because it is often argued to be one of the sources that Newton drew on in constructing his absolutism. Although Barrow is usually read as a pre-Newtonian absolutist, this chapter argues that Barrow is in fact a modal relationist, identifying space and time with the relational modes of bodies. This new reading entails that Barrow’s account of time may not have played as large a role in the development of Newton’s work as has been thought, but it also raises the possibility that Leibniz drew on Barrow’s relationism.

scholarly journals “Making Nonsense of the Little Categories”: Slaughterhouse-Five and The Memoirs of a Survivor as autobiographical science fiction

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Georgia Hight
Keyword(s):  
Science Fiction ◽  
Second World War ◽  
Living Room ◽  
World War ◽  
Time And Space ◽  
Traumatic Memories ◽  
Non Fiction ◽  
Southern Rhodesia ◽  
The City ◽  
Second World

<p>Kurt Vonnegut’s Slaughterhouse-Five (1969) and Doris Lessing’s The Memoirs of a Survivor (1974) are both novels that blend autobiography with science fiction. In a review of Vonnegut’s Mother Night, Lessing writes that he “makes nonsense of the little categories”. The same applies to Lessing. These two novels live in the porous borders between genre—between fiction and non-fiction.  Vonnegut writes that he can’t remember much of his experiences in the firebombing of Dresden in the Second World War. The war novel he writes about them has a protagonist who is “unstuck in time”. I frame my discussion of Slaughterhouse around problems of temporal and narrative ordering. Through use of fractured time, repetitions, and the chronotope, Vonnegut finds a way to express his missing and traumatic memories of the war.  Lessing’s memories are of her early childhood in Persia and Southern Rhodesia. These memories are warped, claustrophobic, and difficult to articulate. Like Slaughterhouse, Memoirs fractures time and space. I organise my discussion of Lessing’s novel around the latter, focusing on a literalised porous border: her dissolving living room wall. Borders and portals between spaces in Memoirs blend the dystopian, science-fiction world of the city with the world of Lessing’s memories; dreams with reality; and the static with the dynamic.  I pose several answers to the question of why science fiction and autobiography. A shared occupation of the two authors was a concern for the madness and dissolution of society, and science fiction engages in a tradition of expressing these concerns. Additionally, Vonnegut and Lessing use the tools of a genre in which it is acceptable for time and space to be warped or fractured. These tools not only allow for the expression of memories that are fragmented, difficult, and half forgotten, but produce worlds that mirror the form of these personal memories.</p>

scholarly journals Parentheses in A. Belyi's poetry and prose

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (24) ◽  
pp. 87-94
Author(s):  
Mikhail N. Kulakovsky ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Language Game ◽  
Literary Text ◽  
Characteristic Functions ◽  
Main Body ◽  
Time And Space ◽  
Space And Time ◽  
Space Organization ◽  
Functional Features

The article examines peculiarities of the use of parentheses in A. Belyi's lyrics and prose. The author describes the main aspects of analysing parentheses in modern linguistics: description of their functional features, their link with the main body of the statement, parentheses as text forming means, time and space organization of the text, realization of the author's irony, means of conveying evaluative information, ways of comparing, metatextual comment, informative actualization, means of creating a dialogue in a fiction text, usage parentheses in particular genres. This study identifies the most characteristic functions of parentheses in A. Belyi's texts, the connection of parentheses with different textual levels and their role in the overall structure of the literary text. Both the most typical and unique functions of parentheses in A. Belyi's works are described in detail. The main functional features of parentheses are defined in terms of space and time organization of the text and the interaction of various informative and subjective speech plans of the text. The article outlines the main aspects of language game within the framework of parentheses, as well as the means of interaction between the parentheses and the main context, presented in the poetry and prose of A. Belyi. The analysis suggests that the most typical functions of the parentheses in A. Belyi's works are detailed portrayal of the character, switching space and time registers, making comparisons, clarification, and conveying emotional and evaluative information.

INTERPRETATION OF SPACE AND TIME IN ONTOLOGICAL PHILOSOPHY NAVOI

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 80-87
Author(s):  
Toji Omonovich Norov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Human Life ◽  
History Of Philosophy ◽  
Human Intelligence ◽  
Time And Space ◽  
Space And Time ◽  
History Of ◽  
Life On Earth ◽  
The Universe ◽  
Holy Book

The universe, the space that make up their basis planets in it, their creation, the main essence of their creation, form, composition, meaning, movements, interactions, their influence on human life and activities, the role of man in the universe and in life on Earth, life, the criteria of activity and processes occurring in time and space have long been of interest to humanity. One of the main problems in the history of philosophy is the question of space and time. This problem was defined in different ways in the great schools of thought by thinkers of different periods. One of these great thinkers is Alisher Navoi. Navoi's works, along with other socio-philosophical themes, uniquely express and analyze the problems of the firmament and time. Its main feature is that it is based on the divine (pantheistic) religion, Islam, its holy book, the Koran and other theological sources, as well as on the secrets of nature and the Universe, the main miracle of Allah - human intelligence, the power of enlightenment, they are the key revealing all these secrets.

Can Events Facilitate Intercultural Understanding?

2021 ◽  
pp. 218-237
Author(s):  
Karen Davies ◽  
Caroline Ritchie
Keyword(s):  
Second World War ◽  
Ethnographic Case Study ◽  
Intercultural Understanding ◽  
World War ◽  
Time And Space ◽  
Cultural Events ◽  
Physical Spaces ◽  
Second World

The founding philosophy of many cultural events established after the Second World War was to enhance the dynamics of peace through supporting and developing multicultural understanding. Over 50 years after their establishment, this chapter investigates the potential of such iconic events to achieve this aim and contribute to the concept of peace through tourism, based on a longitudinal ethnographic case study of Llangollen International Musical Eisteddfod. The results show that this aim can be achieved by such events if they provide enough time and space for participants (performers and audiences) to interact. However, the study also identifies current cultural, political, and fiscal challenges in providing these temporal and physical spaces.

Making connections: linking issues and struggles across space and time

2020 ◽  
pp. 95-116
Author(s):  
Marjorie Mayo
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Isocyanate ◽  
Environmental Disaster ◽  
Time And Space ◽  
Space And Time ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Alternative Approaches

Moving forward, this chapter explores ways of sharing learning, as the basis for building solidarity across time and space. The first example comes from India, as workers and communities shared their research on industrial malpractices, leading to the human and environmental disaster, when more than 40 tons of methyl isocyanate gas from a pesticide plant in Bhopal, India. Research findings and experiences were shared across the globe, supporting Indian communities in their struggles for justice and a safer environment. The second example comes from London’s Docklands where communities and local workforces shared their learning over the years, developing the case for alternative approaches to planning, sharing ideas about redevelopment to meet people’s needs rather than to promote private profitability.

Three Essays on Jewish Education during the Nazi Occupation

2000 ◽  
pp. 147-162
Author(s):  
Marian Małowist
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Jewish Education ◽  
Second World War ◽  
World War ◽  
Warsaw Ghetto ◽  
Nazi Occupation ◽  
The Times ◽  
Jewish Youth ◽  
Second World ◽  
Spiritual Attitude

This chapter presents three essays on Jewish education during the Nazi occupation. The first essay, entitled ‘The Spiritual Attitude of Jewish Youth in the Period before the Second World War and in the Ghetto’, discusses Jewish youth and its spiritual attitude in the pre-war period and during the war. The outbreak of war, with the traumatic bombing of Warsaw and the occupation, greatly affected the young people; they were spiritually completely unprepared for the hardships of the times. The second essay, entitled ‘Jewish High Schools in Warsaw during the War’, describes in general outlines the education of young people during the war. The third essay, entitled ‘Teaching Jewish Youth in the Warsaw Ghetto during the War, 1939–1941’, looks at the situation of Jewish secondary education during the Second World War.

A Sense of (Be)longing in Shaun Tan's The Lost Thing

2010 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 134-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Rudd
Keyword(s):  
Social Issues ◽  
Picture Book ◽  
Judith Butler ◽  
Close Reading ◽  
Giorgio Agamben ◽  
Time And Space ◽  
Zygmunt Bauman ◽  
Mary Douglas ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Feeling At Home

Almost all Shaun Tan's work explores notions of belonging, and related ideas about feeling at home (or not) in time and space. But these issues are most starkly explored in his first solo picture book, The Lost Thing (2000), where the narrator, Shaun, relates his discovery of a mysterious, large, red, hybrid being. This article undertakes a close reading of Tan's text, drawing on the work of theorists like Mary Douglas, Zygmunt Bauman, Giorgio Agamben and Judith Butler to show how societies, through their classificatory logic, manage to deal with any ‘matter out of place’. It also explores the particular poignancy of ‘misplaced’ things in the context of Australia, not only through the Howard Government's draconian treatment of refugees, but also in terms of the country's long-standing guilt about its treatment of the Aboriginal ‘stolen generation’, and of others, like the forcibly deported British children. In contrast to the more optimistic reading usually given to Tan's work, a darker, more menacing interpretation is suggested – though a note of hope is still detected in the narrator's need to record his story. In this way, The Lost Thing is not concerned solely with social issues, but engages with a more existential sense of longing that we can all experience.

scholarly journals Authoritarian International Law?

2020 ◽  
Vol 114 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom Ginsburg
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
International Law ◽  
International Order ◽  
World War ◽  
Time And Space ◽  
Authoritarian Rule ◽  
Liberal Democracies ◽  
Negotiated Settlements ◽  
Regime Types ◽  
Regime Survival

AbstractInternational law, though formally neutral among regime types, has mainly been a product of liberal democracies since World War II. In light of recent challenges to the liberal international order, this Article asks, what would international law look like in an increasingly authoritarian world? As compared with democratic countries, authoritarians emphasize looser cooperation, negotiated settlements, and rules that reinforce regime survival. This raises the possibility of authoritarian international law, designed to extend authoritarian rule across time and space.

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