scholarly journals Daya antibakteri fraksi etil asetat daun kemangi (Ocimum basilicum) terhadap Streptococcus mutans ATCC 25175 pada clear retainer secara in vitroAntibacterial potential of the ethyl acetate fraction of basil (Ocimum basilicum) leaves on Streptococcus mutans ATCC 25175 on a clear retainer

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 97
Author(s):  
Ida Ayu Evangelina ◽  
Fuccy Utamy Syafitri ◽  
Endah Mardiati ◽  
Avi Laviana
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Ocimum Basilicum ◽  
Antibacterial Potential

scholarly journals Phytochemicals of Minthostachys diffusa Epling and Their Health-Promoting Bioactivities

Foods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 144
Author(s):  
Immacolata Faraone ◽  
Daniela Russo ◽  
Lucia Chiummiento ◽  
Eloy Fernandez ◽  
Alka Choudhary ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Mass Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
In Silico Docking ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Health Promoting

The genus Minthostachys belonging to the Lamiaceae family, and is an important South American mint genus used commonly in folk medicine as an aroma in cooking. The phytochemical-rich samples of the aerial parts of Minthostachys diffusa Epling. were tested for pharmacological and health-promoting bioactivities using in vitro chemical and enzymatic assays. A range of radical scavenging activities of the samples against biological radicals such as nitric oxide and superoxide anion and against synthetic 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl and 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radicals, the ferric reducing antioxidant power and the lipid peroxidation inhibition were determined and ranked using the ‘relative antioxidant capacity index’ (RACI). The ethyl acetate fraction showed the highest RACI of +1.12. Analysis of the various fractions’ inhibitory ability against enzymes involved in diabetes (α-amylase and α-glucosidase), and against enzymes associated with Parkinson’s or Alzheimer’s diseases (acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase) also suggested that the ethyl acetate fraction was the most active. Liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry analysis of the ethyl acetate fraction showed more than 30 polyphenolic compounds, including triterpenes. The inhibitory cholinesterase effects of the triterpenes identified from M. diffusa were further analysed by in silico docking of these compounds into 3D-structures of acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase. This is the first study on pharmacological activities and phytochemical profiling of the aerial parts of M. diffusa, showing that this plant, normally used as food in South America, is also rich in health-promoting phytochemicals.

scholarly journals Perilla frutescens Leaf Extract and Fractions: Polyphenol Composition, Antioxidant, Enzymes (α-Glucosidase, Acetylcholinesterase, and Tyrosinase) Inhibitory, Anticancer, and Antidiabetic Activities

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 315
Author(s):  
Zhenxing Wang ◽  
Zongcai Tu ◽  
Xing Xie ◽  
Hao Cui ◽  
Kin Weng Kong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Animal Experiments ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
The Body ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Glycogen Accumulation ◽  
Inhibitory Ability

This study aims to evaluate the bioactive components, in vitro bioactivities, and in vivo hypoglycemic effect of P. frutescens leaf, which is a traditional medicine-food homology plant. P. frutescens methanol crude extract and its fractions (petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate, n-butanol fractions, and aqueous phase residue) were prepared by ultrasound-enzyme assisted extraction and liquid–liquid extraction. Among the samples, the ethyl acetate fraction possessed the high total phenolic (440.48 μg GAE/mg DE) and flavonoid content (455.22 μg RE/mg DE), the best antioxidant activity (the DPPH radical, ABTS radical, and superoxide anion scavenging activity, and ferric reducing antioxidant power were 1.71, 1.14, 2.40, 1.29, and 2.4 times higher than that of control Vc, respectively), the most powerful α-glucosidase inhibitory ability with the IC50 value of 190.03 μg/mL which was 2.2-folds higher than control acarbose, the strongest proliferative inhibitory ability against MCF-7 and HepG2 cell with the IC50 values of 37.92 and 13.43 μg/mL, which were considerable with control cisplatin, as well as certain inhibition abilities on acetylcholinesterase and tyrosinase. HPLC analysis showed that the luteolin, rosmarinic acid, rutin, and catechin were the dominant components of the ethyl acetate fraction. Animal experiments further demonstrated that the ethyl acetate fraction could significantly decrease the serum glucose level, food, and water intake of streptozotocin-induced diabetic SD rats, increase the body weight, modulate their serum levels of TC, TG, HDL-C, and LDL-C, improve the histopathology and glycogen accumulation in liver and intestinal tissue. Taken together, P. frutescens leaf exhibits excellent hypoglycemic activity in vitro and in vivo, and could be exploited as a source of natural antidiabetic agent.

Ethyl acetate fraction of Cymbopogon citratus as a potential source of antioxidant compounds

2018 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
pp. 3642-3652 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Carolina Mendes Hacke ◽  
Jacqueline Aparecida Marques ◽  
José Carlos Rebuglio Vellosa ◽  
Aline Augusti Boligon ◽  
Fernanda D’Avila da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Aqueous Phase ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Antioxidant Compounds ◽  
Cymbopogon Citratus ◽  
Potential Source

New fraction from a lemongrass acidic aqueous phase as a source of compounds with remarkable antioxidant properties by different in vitro mechanisms.

scholarly journals Ethyl Acetate Fraction from Hedyotis diffusa plus Scutellaria barbata Exerts Anti-Breast Cancer Effect via miR-200c-PDE7B/PD-L1-AKT/MAPK Axis

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Yue Yang ◽  
Ting Fang ◽  
Yi-Lan Cao ◽  
Ya-Xin Lv ◽  
Qing-Qi Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Colony Formation ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Optimal Ratio ◽  
Hedyotis Diffusa ◽  
4T1 Cells

Background. Hedyotis diffusa (HD) Willd. and Scutellaria barbata (SB) D. Don in different ratios have been frequently used to treat various cancers in clinical Traditional Chinese Medicine prescriptions. However, the optimal ratio, active fraction, and molecular mechanisms associated with the anti-breast cancer role of this herbal couplet have not been elaborated. Methods. To screen out the optimal ratio of this herbal couplet, we compare aqueous extracts of HD, SB, or HD plus SB in different weight ratios (HS11, HS12, HS21) for their anticancer effects on murine breast cancer 4T1 cells in vitro and in vivo. EA11, the ethyl acetate fraction from HS11 (the aqueous extract of the couplet at an equal weight ratio), is further assessed for its antiproliferative effect as well as the antitumorigenic impact with the aid of immunocompetent mice. Colony formation, flow cytometry, western blot, ELISA, and qRT-PCR are used to elucidate mechanisms underlying EA11-led effects. Results. HS11 presents the most potential suppression of 4T1 cell proliferation and tumor growth among these aqueous extracts. The comparison results show that EA11 is more effective than HS11 in vitro and in vivo. EA11 inhibits colony formation and induces apoptosis in a concentration-dependent manner. EA11 reduces the protein expressions of PDE7B, PD-L1, β-catenin, and cyclin D1 while elevating the concentration of cellular cAMP and miR-200c expression in 4T1 cells. Additionally, EA11 exerts its anticancer effect partially via the inactivation of MAPK and AKT signaling pathways. Conclusions. This study implicates that EA11 prevents breast tumor development by interfering with the miR-200c-PDE7B/PD-L1-AKT/MAPK axis. EA11 may represent a potential therapeutic candidate for breast cancer.

scholarly journals In Vitro Antioxidant Activity and Phenolic Content of Cedrus brevifolia Bark

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1400900 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Cretu ◽  
Juha-Pekka Salminen ◽  
Maarit Karonen ◽  
Anca Miron ◽  
Christiana Charalambous ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
In Vitro Assays ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Antioxidant Effects

A raw extract and four extractive fractions were obtained from Cedrus brevifolia (Cyprus cedar) bark. They were all studied regarding the phenolic content and profile using spectrophotometry and HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS. The antioxidant activity was investigated using in vitro assays: DPPH and ABTS radicals scavenging and reducing power assays. The ethyl acetate fraction had the highest total phenolic and proanthocyanidin contents; a taxifolin-O-hexoside, catechin, epicatechin and procyanidin oligomers (three dimers, two trimers) were identified in this fraction. The ethyl acetate fraction was found to possess the highest DPPH and ABTS radicals scavenging effects (EC50=13.9 ± 0.3 and 2.3 ± 0.0 μg/mL, respectively) and reducing capacity (EC50=9.1 ±0.1 μg/mL). Antioxidant effects were highly correlated with total phenolic and proanthocyanidin contents (r=0.89-0.99). These results suggest that Cedrus brevifolia bark is a new source of antioxidants.

scholarly journals HAIR GROWTH ACTIVITY AND SAFETY TEST OF ETHOSOMAL GEL ETHYL ACETATE FRACTION OF NOTHOPANAX LEAVES (NOTHOPANAX SCUTELLARIUM MERR.)

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 134
Author(s):  
Mahdi Jufri ◽  
Lili Amelia ◽  
Abdul Munim
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Hair Growth ◽  
Chorioallantoic Membrane ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Safety Test ◽  
Hen’S Egg ◽  
Growth Activity ◽  
Franz Diffusion Cells

Objective: The aims of this study were to know the hair growth activity from the ethosomal gel of ethyl acetate fraction compared to the nonethosomal gel of ethyl acetate fraction, as well as its ability to penetrate into the skin and its safety from ethosomal gel testing.Methods: The hair growth activity was measured by three parameters: Hair length, hair thickness, and hair weight.Results: The results obtained are shown that the ethosomal gel with concentration 1% has better hair growth activity rather than the ethosomal gel with concentration 0.5% and the nonethosomal gel but it has similarity to the positive control (minoxidil gel with concentration 2%). In vitro penetration test using Franz diffusion cells shown that the ethosomal gel with concentration 1% has cumulative penetration of quercetin higher than nonethosomal gel, which value was 3.3175±0.02 μgcm−2 for the ethosomal gel with concentration 1%; and 2.7663±0.19 μgcm-2 for the nonethosomal gel with flux values for the ethosomal gel with concentration 1% and the nonethosomal gel, respectively, are 0.4147±0.01 μgcm−2h−1 and 0.3458±0.02 μgcm−2h−1.Conclusion: As for the safety test using hen’s egg test-chorioallantoic membrane (HET- CAM) safety test) have shown that both concentrations 0.5% and 1% of the ethosomal gel can generate mild irritation for topical application.

scholarly journals In Vitro Antioxidant Capacity and Neuronal Cell Toxicity of Roots of Ostericum koreanum Maximowicz

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 1451-1455
Author(s):  
Ramalingam Mahesh ◽  
Hyo Won Jung ◽  
Jun Hong Park ◽  
Yong-Ki Park
Keyword(s):  
Cell Viability ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Neuronal Cell ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Concentration Dependent Manner ◽  
Ostericum Koreanum

Ostericum koreanummaximowicz (Umbelliferae), a medicinal herb in Korean Oriental Medicine, has been applied to treat cold, headache, neuralgia and arthralgia. The ethyl acetate fraction ofO. koreanumroot was subjected toin vitroantioxidant activity with different methods for free radical scavenging activities. In addition, the cell viability and nitric oxide release assays were performed here for the first time in neuroblastoma (Neuro-2a) cell cultures. Among all the tested methods, the ethyl acetate fraction was expressed very active, exhibiting a good Trolox equivalent values and IC50, comparable to that of the commercial antioxidants, Trolox and ascorbic acid, respectively. The results showed that there was a reduction of cell viability by the fraction in a concentration dependent manner. These results suggest thatO. koreanumshows good antioxidant activitiesin vitroby inhibiting free radicals. These findings provide a rationale for thein vivotesting. Also, the major constituents behind the antioxidant mechanisms of this fraction warrant further study.

scholarly journals Eupafolin and Ethyl Acetate Fraction ofKalanchoe gracilisStem Extract Show Potent Antiviral Activities against Enterovirus 71 and Coxsackievirus A16

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ching-Ying Wang ◽  
Shun-Chueh Huang ◽  
Zhen-Rung Lai ◽  
Yu-Ling Ho ◽  
Yu-Jen Jou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Enterovirus 71 ◽  
Foot And Mouth Disease ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Coxsackievirus A16 ◽  
Aqueous Fraction ◽  
Antiviral Activities ◽  
Clinical Potential

Enterovirus 71 (EV71) and coxsackievirus A16 (CoxA16) are main pathogens of hand-foot-and-mouth disease, occasionally causing aseptic meningitis and encephalitis in tropical and subtropical regions.Kalanchoe gracilis,Da-Huan-Hun, is a Chinese folk medicine for treating pain and inflammation, exhibiting antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Our prior report (2012) citedK. gracilisleaf extract as moderately active against EV71 and CoxA16. This study further rates antienteroviral potential ofK. gracilisstem (KGS) extract to identify potent antiviral fractions and components. The extract moderately inhibits viral cytopathicity and virus yield, as well asin vitroreplication of EV71 (IC50= 75.18 μg/mL) and CoxA16 (IC50= 81.41 μg/mL). Ethyl acetate (EA) fraction of KGS extract showed greater antiviral activity than that ofn-butanol or aqueous fraction: IC50values of 4.21 μg/mL against EV71 and 9.08 μg/mL against CoxA16. HPLC analysis, UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy, and plaque reduction assay indicate that eupafolin is a vital component of EA fraction showing potent activity against EV71 (IC50= 1.39 μM) and CoxA16 (IC50= 5.24 μM). Eupafolin specifically lessened virus-induced upregulation of IL-6 and RANTES by inhibiting virus-induced ERK1/2, AP-1, and STAT3 signals. Anti-enteroviral potency of KGS EA fraction and eupafolin shows the clinical potential against EV71 and CoxA16 infection.

scholarly journals Molecular Characterization of Penicillium expansum Isolated from Grapes and its Management by Leaf Extract of Chenopodium murale

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. ACCEPTED
Author(s):  
Iqra Haider Khan ◽  
Arshad Javaid ◽  
Syeda Fakehha Naqvi
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Fungal Pathogen ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Penicillium Expansum ◽  
Blue Mold ◽  
Chenopodium Murale

Penicillium expansum Link causes an economically important postharvest blue mold disease in a number of fruits and vegetables. In the present study, this fungus was isolated from rotted grapes and identified on morphological basis. Identification of the pathogen was further confirmed on molecular basis by using four different primer pairs namely ITS, β-tubulin, CMD and CF under accession numbers MN752155, MN787831, MN787832 and MN787833, respectively. Leaf extract of Chenopodium murale was assessed for its potential to control in vitro growth of P. expansum. For this purpose, leaves were extracted in methanol and after evaporation of the solvent, the resulting extract was successively partitioned with n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate and n-butanol followed by antifungal bioassays with different concentrations (1.562 to 200 mg mL-1) each organic solvent fraction. Although all the fractions variably controlled the fungal pathogen, however, n-butanol fraction showed the highest antifungal activity causing 45–86% reduction in biomass of the pathogen. Ethyl acetate fraction was also highly antifungal and reduced fungal biomass by 44–81%. Chloroform and n-hexane fractions were comparatively less effective and reduced biomass of P. expansum by 30–72% and 11–44%, respectively. This study concludes that ethyl acetate and n-butanol fractions are highly antifungal in nature against P. expansum.

scholarly journals Antioxidant Activities of the Leaf Extract and Fractions of Dryopteris filix-mas (L.) Schott could be Attributed to The Abundance of Polyphenol Compounds

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Earnest Oghenesuvwe Erhirhie ◽  
Emmanuel Emeka Ilodigwe ◽  
Daniel Lotanna Ajaghaku ◽  
Blessing Ogechukwu Umeokoli ◽  
Peter Maduabuchi Eze ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Bioactive Compound ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
In Vitro Assays ◽  
Anti Oxidant

Dryopteris filix mas (D filix-mas) is wildly used in ethnomedicine for the management of rheumatoid arthritis, wounds and other diseases. We investigated the anti-oxidant activities of its leaf extract, and chromatographic fractions. The ethanol leaf extract was partitioned into four fractions; n-hexane, ethyl acetate, n-butanol and water. Ferric reducing anti-oxidant power (FRAP), 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazil (DPPH) and nitric oxide (NO) scavenging in vitro assays were carried out on the extract and fractions at 6.25, 12.5, 25, 50, 100, 200, 400 and 800 µg/mL. The most active fraction (ethyl acetate fraction) was further purified using chromatographic techniques to isolate its major compound whose structure was elucidated using ID nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and mass spectrometry. The ethyl acetate fraction produced the highest free radical scavenging activity among the other fractions. The fraction (VLC-E7) from which the bioactive compound, quercetin-3-O-αL-rhamnopyranoside, was isolated had the best FRAP and DPPH scavenging activities with EC50 and IC50 values of 88.81 ± 3.41 and 26.87 ± 0.24 respectively more than the ethyl acetate fraction. This study revealed that the polyphenol flavonoid, quercetin-3-O-αL-rhamnopyranoside could be responsible for antioxidant activity of ethno-medicinal property of D filix-mas leaf.

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