scholarly journals Pembelajaran Kebijakan Masa Pandemi Covid-19: Sebuah Sanggahan Atas Artikel Widaningrum dan Mas'udi (2020)

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-40
Author(s):  
Anggalih Bayu Muh. Kamim

Widaningrum and Mas'udi (2020) believe that the government's stuttering in handling the COVID-19 pandemic trigger policy conflicts between government officials and at the society level. Widaningrum and Mas'udi (2020) view that strengthening leadership and coördination are important steps to prevent widespread policy conflicts. However, in using the PCF framework, Widaningrum and Mas'udi (2020) forgot to place the policy conflict on what level was the political system, policy subsystem or policy action? We use literature review to explore COVID-19 policy in Indonesia. We offer the ACF framework to look further with existing features and find that there are two core competing beliefs in the COVID-19 policy handling subsystem, namely the drive to safeguard the economy that the central government believes in and insistence on handling the outbreak seriously from a coalition of people, scientists and media. Cross-coalition policy learning did not take place, even though the COVID-19 Task Force had a role as a broker to bring together the core beliefs of each coalition. The government made adjustments to encourage policy changes that were consistent with its core beliefs, despite changes in public opinion and changes in members of the government coalition.   Widaningrum dan Mas’udi (2020) meyakini bahwa kegagapan pemerintah dalam menangani pandemi Covid-19 dapat menimbulkan konflik kebijakan di antara aparat pemerintahan dan pada level masyarakat. Widaningrum dan Mas’udi (2020) memandang bahwa penguatan kepemimpinan dan koordinasi menjadi langkah penting untuk mencegah terjadinya konflik kebijakan meluas. Namun dalam menggunakan kerangka kerja PCF, Widaningrum dan Mas’udi (2020) lupa mendudukan konflik kebijakan terjadi pada level yang mana apakah sistem politik, subsitem kebijakan atau tindakan kebijakan? Kami menggunakan studi literatur untuk lebih lanjut mendalami kebijakan penanganan Covid-19 di Indonesia. Kami menawarkan kerangka kerja ACF untuk melihat lebih jauh dengan fitur-fitur yang ada dan menemukan bahwa pada dasarnya ada dua keyakinan inti yang saling bersaing dalam subsistem kebijakan penanganan Covid-19, yakni dorongan untuk menjaga perekonomian yang diyakini pemerintah pusat dan desakan menangani wabah secara serius dari koalisi masyarakat, ilmuwan dan media massa. Pembelajaran kebijakan lintas koalisi tidak terjadi, meskipun telah ada Gugus Tugas Covid-19 yang berperan sebagai broker untuk mempertemukan keyakinan inti tiap koalisi. Pemerintah melakukan penyesuaian untuk mendorong perubahan kebijakan yang sesuai dengan keyakinan intinya, meskipun terdapat perubahan opini publik dan perubahan anggota koalisi pemerintah.

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rasji Rasji

Village government is the lowest level of government in the Government of the Republic of Indonesia. Its existence is very strategic for the implementation of programs of the central government, local government, and the wishes of the village community, so that the village government can help create a balance between the goals desired by the state and those desired by the people, namely the welfare of the people. For this reason, the role of village government officials is important to achieve the success of implementing village government tasks. In fact, there are still many village government officials who have not been able to carry out their duties and authorities properly and correctly. How are efforts to strengthen the role of village government officials so that they are able to carry out their duties and authority properly and correctly? One effort that can be done is to provide technical guidance to village government officials regarding village governance, the duties and authorities of village government officials, as well as the preparation of village regulations. Through this activity, it is hoped that the role of the village government apparatus in carrying out their duties and authorities will be strong, so that their duties and authorities can be carried out properly and correctlyABSTRAK;Pemerintahan desa adalah tingkat pemerintahan terendah di dalam Pemerintahan Negara Republik Indonesia. Keberadaannya sangat strategis bagi penerapan program pemerintah pusat, pemerintah daerah, dan keinginan masyarakat desa, sehingga pemerintah desa dapat membantu terciptanya keseimbangan tujuan yang diinginkan oleh negara dan yang diinginkan oleh rakyat yaitu kesejahteraan rakyat. Untuk itu peran aparatur pemerintahan desa menjadi penting untuk mencapai keberhasilan pelaksanaan tugas pemerintahan desa. Pada kenyataannya masih banyak aparatur pemerintahan desa yang belum dapat melaksanakan tugas dan wewenangnya dengan baik dan benar. Bagaimana upaya menguatkan peran aparatur pemerintahan desa, agar mampu menjalankan tugas dan wewenangnya secara baik dan benar? Salah satu upaya yang dapat dilakukan adalah memberikan bimbingan teknis kepada aparatur pemerintahan desa mengenai pemerintahan desa, tugas dan wewenang aparatur pemerintah desa, maupun penyusunan peraturan desa. Melalui kegiatan ini diharapkan peran aparatur pemerintahan desa dalam melaksanakan tugas dan wewenangnya menjadi kuat, sehingga tugas dan wewenangnya dapat dilaksanakan dengan baik dan benar.


2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-129
Author(s):  
Annelle R. Sheline

The article examines the monarchies of Qatar, Jordan, and Morocco to demonstrate how specific policies and ideologies do not necessarily correspond with the label of “moderate,” which instead primarily reflects a reputational strategy. Prior to 2011, Qatar had cultivated an image as a relatively “liberal” Gulf monarchy, but although few policy changes occurred, after 2011 the emirate was seen as sponsoring terrorism. The government of Morocco developed a reputation for promoting “moderate Islam,” yet religious intolerance persists, while the Jordanian regime has focused less on cultivating a moderate image than previously. Government efforts to develop a specific reputation reflect strategic maneuvering for both international religious soft power as well as consolidation of domestic control. Combining nine months of ethnographic fieldwork involving interviews with government officials, religious bureaucrats, and embassy personnel, the paper offers insights into how the strategic use of reputation has shifted in the post-2011 context.


CASH ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (02) ◽  
pp. 31-45
Author(s):  
Salihi Pro

This study aims to compare the mechanism of distribution, management and accountability of the use of village funds in the Government of Bintan Regency with the rules and regulations applicable. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative method by conducting data collection through observation, literature study and interview with the authorized party.               Village Funds are funds disbursed by the Central Government to help accelerate development in the villages, help improve the economy in the villages and also help the operational costs of village administration in order to maximize the maximum service for the villagers.               Regulation of the Minister of Finance No. 93 / PMK.07 / 2015 has clearly set out procedures for the allocation, distribution, use, monitoring and evaluation of village funds. Therefore, village government officials are required to fully understand the prevailing regulations in order to manage, use and account for village funds maximally, correctly and accountable.               Expenditure accountability is absolute in the use of village funds as a form of administrative and morally accountable. For that every State apparatus using State budget must be accountable properly and accountable.


AMERTA ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 63
Author(s):  
W. Djuwita Sudjana Ramelan

Abstract. Community Based Model of Trowulan Cultural Heritage Region Utilization. Managing cultural heritage is not solely the responsibility of the government. However, local people must beinvited to play an active role too if preservation is to be successful, because utilizationof the site and its resources is directly related to the interaction of people’s lives with cultural heritage and if utilization is not managed properly then social conflict will arise. Trowulan is recognized as a national heritage area through Decree No. 260/M/2013 from the Ministry of Education and Culture, but its preservation needs to be properly managed. This study applied the qualitative approach: observation on sites used by people either controlled by the state or owned by the community; in-depth interviews to persons who have a role in public life, and of central and local government officials; discussion groups with researchers, academics, observers, officials of the central government; and the study of legislation. This study captured the essence of people’s aspirations in the utilization of Trowulan to create a model for community-based Trowulan utilization. Our model has produced benefits to social welfare and national identity. All aspects are related with each other to provide feedback (management board, legal aspect, blueprint, funding) so that it becomes strong and sustainable management. Abstrak. Penanganan cagar budaya diharapkan tidak semata-mata menjadi tanggung jawab pemerintah, masyarakat juga harus diajak berperan aktif. Utamanya, yang terkait langsung dengan kehidupan masyarakat dengan cagar budaya yaitu pemanfaatannya. Apabila pemanfaatan itu tidakdikelola secara baik maka yang timbul adalah konflik sosial. Trowulan ditetapkan sebagai Kawasan Cagar Budaya Nasional melalui SK Mendikbud No. 260/M/2013 namun penanganan puluhan ribu cagar budaya masih perlu dibenahi. Studi ini dilakukan melalui pendekatan kualitatif: observasi di situs-situs yang dimanfaatkan oleh masyarakat baik dikuasai oleh negara maupun dimiliki masyarakat; wawancara mendalam kepada tokoh-tokoh yang berperan di dalam kehidupan masyarakat, pejabat pemerintah; diskusi kelompok bersama para peneliti, akademisi, pemerhati, pejabat pemerintah; dan kajian legislasi. Hasil studi ini menangkap esensi dari aspirasi masyarakat dalam pemanfaatan Trowulanberbasis masyarakat. Model tersebut bermuara pada manfaat identitas nasional dan kesejahteraan sosial. Semua aspek saling terkait dan memberi umpan balik (badan pengelola, legalitas, cetak biru, dana) sehingga menjadi majemen yang kuat dan berkesinambungan.


2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Cooper

After successive episodes of Russian aggression, both Estonia and the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) remain on edge about the future of their relationship with Moscow. To understand how Estonia has deterred Russia from further hostile acts, this paper analyzes the Estonian government’s response to them and how the establishment of defense programs have made Estonia a pillar of anti-Russian policy in Europe. Such programs and policy changes which continue to deter Russia from these aggressive tactics include but are not limited to NATO’s Cooperative Cyber Defense Center of Excellence, the EU’s East StratCom Task Force, and the development of dependable relationships between NATO, the EU, and the Estonian private defense sector. The paper also analyzes the overall successes and deficiencies of these policy changes, makes future recommendations for the Estonian government, and evaluates the implications of these changes in the broad realm of international security. Analyzing these successes and deficiencies is important for determining the overall effectiveness of the changes in Estonian policy over the past decade. Through in-person interviews with both American and Estonian government officials, online research, and interactions with academic experts on the subject, the paper argues these new programs and evolving relationships are an adequate and effective deterrent to prevent further Russian cyber and conventional military attacks.


Author(s):  
Hasriani Timung

Introduction: Implementation of government policies in tackling the Covid 19 pandemic in Indonesia is an effort by the government to deal with cases of coronavirus disease (COVID-19). By understanding the efforts, steps, and policies formulated and implemented by the government, it can be assessed the handling strategy. Method: To analyze used deliberative policy analysis approach. This approach analyzes the narratives and arguments of the authorities to understand decision-making and policy implementation. This paper uses a qualitative approach by utilizing descriptive methods of analysis. Meanwhile, the data collection techniques used are literature studies that utilize government regulations, FMD, KMK, SE, journal articles, online news as well as the websites of authoritative institutions. The results of this analysis are: first, a positive and negative narrative to the government's response to prevent the transmission of COVID-19 because it has expanded various policies for covid-management and formed a task force and task force to combat COVID even though some policies are considered too late. Second, coordination between stakeholders, between the central government and local governments, between ministries and other state institutions already exist in the regulations of their respective ministries but have not been well-coordinated in their implementation so that it seems as if each moves on their own and some seem contradictory. Third, residents are still disobedient, indifferent to the government's call for discipline in implementing health protocols. This results in slower handling efforts because there is no awareness that pandemics can be controlled faster if the community actively provides support. Conclusion: This combination of three factors plays a major role in the government's efforts to control the spread of COVID-19 in Indonesia although it still needs improvement along with the pandemic in Indonesia.


2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 460-469
Author(s):  
Modu Lawan Gana

Since 2013, the north of Nigeria has witnessed an increased involvement of the militia group ‘Civilian Joint Task Force’ (CJTF) in combating the Islamist insurgent group Boko Haram. The mobilization of the Civilian Joint Task Force brought a tremendous success to the counterinsurgency operation. Before the CJTF’s engagement, the antiterrorism efforts of the government were marred by negligent performance. In addition to helping decrease the attack frequencies and number of fatalities caused by the insurgent group, the militia succeeded in expelling Boko Haram fighters from the towns and villages they had previously occupied. However, the unprecedented participation of the Civilian Joint Task Force in the counterinsurgency campaign has raised certain suspicions of the public in regards to the CJTF’s ulterior motives. This paper, therefore, explores the motives that triggered people’s participation in the Civilian Joint Task Force with the aim to combat the Boko Haram insurgent group. The current paper is a qualitative research, designed as a case study. The empirical data were collected by means of an in-depth interview involving 13 respondents, among who were the members of the CJTF, community leaders and government officials in Yobe State, Nigeria. The findings show that people’s participation in the CJTF is voluntary, with the main motivation being the necessity to defend the community due to the state’s failure to provide adequate protection. The article points out an urgent need to demobilize and deradicalize the participants in order to prevent the CJTF from further jeopardizing local communities’ peace and stability.


NATAPRAJA ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanuardi Yanuardi ◽  
Utami Dewi ◽  
Marita Ahdiyana

This research aims to reveal the institutionalization of bureaucratic reformation in Sleman Regency after the implementation of UU ASN. Moreover, the objective of this study is to identify the potential and inhibited factors of bureaucratic reformation in Sleman Regency. The research method of this research is descriptive by employing qualitative approach. The result of this research show that the institutionalization of bureaucratic reform after the implementation of the Act ASN in Sleman have run, and continued with a change agenda. This is evidenced by the habituation process that has been seen from the implementation of the rules and a new culture in Sleman District Government. The main obstacle was the culture of the old bureaucracy, which asked to be served, causing bureaucratic reform objectives have not been achieved optimally. In addition, the Government of Sleman regency, like other local governments in Indonesia, had to wait for the policy directives from the central government due to frequent policy changes at the central level.Keywords: Institutionalization, Bureaucratic Reformation, UU ASN


2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Angel Wulandari Manialup ◽  
Grace B Nangoi ◽  
Jenny Morasa

Abstract. Government Internal Control system is a system of internal control implemented whole in the central government and local government. If the Government Regulation Number 60 year 2008 is performed effectively, it will support to minimize the occurrence of oversights. The purposes of this research are : (1) To find out the roles of Inspectorate in the implementations of GICS in Talaud Islands Regency; (2) To analyze the challenges and difficulties that affect the Inspectorate roles in the implementation of  Government Internal Control System (GICS) in Talaud Islands Regency; (3) To analyze the Inspectorate efforts to improve the implementation of GICS in Talaud Islands Regency. This study is a qualitative exploratory research. Data were collected through interviews, observation, and documentation study. Data consists of primary and secondary data. The interviews were transcribed, analyzed, coded and categorized into themes. Data was analysed by content analysis. The research findings show that Inspectorate holds important roles in GICS Implementation in Talaud Regency, such as leadership, internal control, consultancy and quality assurance. Difficulties influence the Inspectorate roles in GICS implementation in Talaud Regency are: the absence of both regent regulation and the organization of GICS task force, inadequate human resources understanding of GICS and lack of membership, insufficient budget for control activities, inexistence of joint commitment in implementing GICS as well as risk assessment and non-optimal risk planning due to time limitations. Efforts conducted by Inspectorate in order to improve the Implementation of GICS in Talaud Regency are to suggest the frame of regent regulation and GICS task unit, improve the quality of resources through education, trainings, technical seminar or office training, counselling, coordinate the education improvement with many institutions such as BPKP, add extra budgeting for control activities, establish joint commitment in GICS implementation, carry out risk assessment and risk planning optimally and develop effective communication with SKDP as well as BPKP.Keywords:  The role of Inspectorate, GICS implementation, difficulties, effortsAbstrak. Sistem Pengendalian Intern Pemerintah adalah Sistem Pengendalian Intern yang diselenggarakan secara menyeluruh di lingkungan pemerintah pusat dan pemerintah daerah. Peraturan Pemerintah No. 60 tahun 2008 tentang SPIP jika dilakukan dengan efektif akan sangat membantu untuk meminimalisir risiko terjadinya kesalahan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk : (1) Mengetahui bagaimana peran Inspektorat dalam pelaksanaan Sistem Pengendalian Intern Pemerintah (SPIP) di Kabupaten Kepulauan Talaud; (2) Menganalisis kendala-kendala yang mempengaruhi peran Inspektorat dalam pelaksanaan SPIP di Kabupaten Kepulauan Talaud; (3) Menganalisis upaya-upaya yang dilakukan Inspektorat untuk meningkatkan pelaksanaan SPIP di Kabupaten Kepulauan Talaud. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan eksploratori. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara, observasi dan studi dokumentasi. Terdiri dari data primer dan data sekunder. Hasil wawancara ditranskrip menjadi transkrip data, kemudian dianalisis, diberi kode, dan dikategorikan ke dalam tema. Analisis data menggunakan analisis isi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Peran Inspektorat dalam pelaksanaan SPIP di Kabupaten Kepulauan Talaud yaitu dalam hal kepemimpinan, pengawasan intern, konsultan dan penjamin mutu. Kendala-kendala yang mempengaruhi peran Inspektorat dalam pelaksanaan SPIP di Kabupaten Kepulauan Talaud yaitu belum adanya Peraturan Bupati dan belum membentuk Satuan Tugas SPIP, pemahaman SDM akan SPIP masih kurang dan jumlah personil belum memadai, anggar kegiatan pengawasan kurang memadai, belum ada komitmen bersama dalam melaksankan SPIP serta penilaian risiko dan pemetaan risiko belum optimal karena keterbatasan waktu. Upaya-upaya yang dilakukan Inspektorat untuk meningkatkan pelaksanaan SPIP di Kabupaten Kepulauan Talaud adalah dengan mengusulkan penyusunan Peraturan Bupati dan pembentukan Satuan Tugas SPIP, meningkatkan kualitas sumber daya, melalui jenjang pendidikan, diklat-diklat, pelatihan kantor sendiri, pembinaan, melakukan koordinasi meningkatkan pendidikan dengan lembaga-lembaga seperti BPKP, menambah anggaran kegiatan pengawasan, membangun komitmen bersama dalam melaksanakan SPIP, melakukan penilaian risiko dan pemetaan risiko secara optimal dan membangun komunikasi yang efektif dengan SKPD maupun BPKP.Kata kunci: Peran Inspektorat, pelaksanaan SPIP, kendala, upaya


2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 195
Author(s):  
Nfn Arabiyani

UUD Tahun 1945 Pasal 18B ayat (1) memberikan legitimasi terhadap Qanun Aceh Nomor 3 Tahun 2013 tentang Bendera dan Lambang Aceh yang merupakan hasil kesepakatan Pemerintah Indonesia dengan GAM. Hal ini kemudian dituangkan ke dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2006 tentang Pemerintahan Aceh. Permasalahannya ialah bahwa materi Qanun tersebut dianggap bertentangan dengan Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 77 Tahun 2007. Pemerintah Pusat menghendaki perbaiki terhadap beberapa materi Qanun tersebut, namun pihak Pemerintah Aceh hal dianggap menyalahi MoU Helsinki. Hasil penelitian sebagai berikut: Pertama, menemukan landasan pemikiran lahirnya Qanun Aceh Nomor 3 Tahun 2013 tentang Bendera dan Lambang Aceh terdiri dari Pasal 18B UUD Tahun 1945 serta perumusan Pasal 246 dan Pasal 247 Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2006. Kedua, bahwa akibat hukum dari adanya Pasal 246 dan Pasal 247 berlaku dan sah untuk diterapkan melalui pembentukannya Qanun Aceh. Ketiga, konsekuensi yuridis adanya Qanun Aceh Nomor 3 Tahun 2013 berlaku secara yuridis dan dapat ditindaklanjuti oleh Pemerintah Aceh karena sudah diundangkan dalam lembaran daerah. Disarankan pihak kalangan akademis, pemangku jabatan yakni Pemerintah Aceh, DPRA dan Pemerintah Pusat untuk memperjelas dan memberi kepastian kepada rakyat Aceh supaya tidak Qanun Aceh Nomor 3 Tahun 2013 tidak dijadikan komoditas politik pada saat-saat tertentu. Kemudian dengan diterbitkannya Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 77 Tahun 2007 perlu ditinjau ulang terkait pemaknaan terhadap bendera dan Lambang Aceh.The 1945 Constitution Article 18B paragraph (1) gives legitimacy to the Aceh Qanun Number 3 of 2013 on Aceh Flag and Symbol which is the result of the Government of Indonesia's and GAM agreement. This is then poured into Law Number 11 Year 2006 regarding Aceh Government. The problem is that the Qanun material is considered to be contradictory to Government Regulation Number 77 of 2007. The central government wants to improve on some of the Qanun material, but the Government of Aceh is considered to have violated the Helsinki MoU. The results of the research are as follows: First, find the foundation of the thought of the birth of Aceh Qanun Number 3 of 2013 on the Flag and the Symbol of Aceh consists of Article 18B of the 1945 Constitution and the formulation of Article 246 and Article 247 of Law Number 11 Year 2006. Second, the existence of Article 246 and Article 247 is valid and valid to be implemented through the establishment of Aceh Qanun. Thirdly, the juridical consequences of the Aceh Qanun Number 3 of 2013 are valid in a juridical manner and can be acted upon by the Government of Aceh as already enacted in the local gazette. It is suggested by the academic community, the government officials of Aceh, DPRA and the Central Government clarify and give assurance to the people of Aceh so that Qanun Aceh No. 3 of 2013 is not used as a political commodity at certain times. Then with the issuance of Government Regulation No. 77 of 2007, the meaning of the flag and the symbol of Aceh need to be reviewed.


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