scholarly journals Pathogen profile of urinary tract infections in Nephrology Unit

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dariusz Chojeta ◽  
Iwona Smarz-Widelska ◽  
Malgorzata M. Koziol
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Drug Susceptibility ◽  
Noticeable Increase ◽  
Therapeutic Decisions ◽  
Resistance Patterns ◽  
Etiological Agents ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Outpatient Settings

Abstract Introduction. Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most common types of infection in both hospitalized and outpatient settings. The etiology is mostly bacterial, and the typical causative agent is uropathogenic Escherichia coli. There is a noticeable increase in drug resistance of pathogenic microorganisms. The aim of the study was retrospective analyses of etiological agents of UTI and their antibiotic resistance patterns in Nephrology Unit patients. Material and methods. An infection was diagnosed based on the patient’s symptoms and positive results of urine culture, carried out over 26 months. The clinical material was tested by using the VITEK system, the drug susceptibility of the emerged pathogens was identified. Results. The most common etiological agents of UTI were Gram-negative rods: Escherichia coli (51.23%), Klebsiella spp. (19.3%) and Proteus spp. (13.68%). The analysis of drug resistance profiles of these pathogens showed a high percentage of strains resistant to broad-spectrum penicillins and fluoroquinolones. At the same time, it seems that E. coli isolates presented the most favorable pattern of drug susceptibility in this comparison. Conclusions. The alarming tendency of increasing drug resistance among pathogens causing UTIs to antibiotics such as penicillins or fluoroquinolones prompts a careful choice of drugs in empirical therapies. The most appropriate practice in this regard seems to be meticulous control of nosocomial infections and making therapeutic decisions based on the knowledge of local microbiological data.

scholarly journals Prevalence of blaCTX-M, blaSHV, and blaTEM Genes in Escherichia coli Strains Isolated From Urinary Tract Infection Samples of Patients in the Intensive Care Unit in Qom, Iran

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shima Sadat Lesani ◽  
Mohammad Soleimani ◽  
Pegah Shakib ◽  
Mohammad Reza Zolfaghari
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Intensive Care Units ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Tract Infections

Background: Escherichia coli is considered as one of the causes of opportunistic infections. Nowadays, due to the increase in drug resistance, the treatment of these infections has become very difficult and they are recognized as the main causes of death in hospitalized patients. Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of blaTEM, blaSHV, and blaCTX-M genes in E. coli strains isolated from the urinary tract infection in patients in Intensive Care Units of three different hospitals in Qom, Iran. Methods: This study was conducted in three months from October to December 2014. A total of 200 E. coli samples were taken from the patients with urinary tract infections in Intensive Care units of Qom hospital. The disc diffusion method was used to determine the susceptibility pattern of antibiotic and phenotypic confirmatory tests for screening of the expanded spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) isolates. The presence of blaTEM, blaSHV, and blaCTX-M genes was evaluated by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay. Results: Of 200 samples, ampicillin (96%) and nitrofurantoin (19.5%) showed the highest and lowest drug resistance, respectively. A total of 156 isolates (78%) were identified as ESBLs using the phenotypic method. Moreover, 76 (38%), 90 (45%), and 123 (61.5%) isolates consisted of blaCTX-M, blaSHV, and blaTEM, respectively. Conclusions: Overall, the findings of this study showed that blaTEM was the most common gene with a frequency of 61.5% in ESBL E. coli.

scholarly journals Drug resistance and plasmid profile of uropathogenic Escherichia coli among urinary tract infection patients in Addis Abeba

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (08) ◽  
pp. 608-615 ◽  
Author(s):  
Belayneh Regasa Dadi ◽  
Tamrat Abebe ◽  
Lixin Zhang ◽  
Adane Mihret ◽  
Workeabeba Abebe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Plasmid Profile ◽  
Uropathogenic Escherichia Coli ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Plasmid Analysis ◽  
Escherichia Coli Bacteria ◽  
Tract Infections

Introduction: Urinary tract infection is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Uropathogenic Escherichia coli bacteria are the most common cause of urinary tract infections. Drug resistant Escherichia coli is results in high levels of treatment failure and can be a significant threat to survival of patients. Methodology: Escherichia coli bacteria were isolated using culture and conventional biochemical tests. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing and plasmid profile were performed using the Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method and plasmid analysis. Data was processed with SPSS version 16.0 and Epi-info version 3.4.1 software. Results: The highest proportion of Escherichia coli isolates was resistant to (86.5%) to ampicillin, followed by ceftazidime (84%), ceftriaxone (80.5%), tetracycline (80%), trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (68.5%) and cefotaxime (66%). Escherichia coli isolates were most susceptible to meropenem (100%), imipenem (100%), amikacin (97.5%), nitrofurantoin (95%), ciprofloxacin (85.5%), norfloxacin (85%), chloramphenicol (83.5%), gentamycin (80%) and nalidixic acid (79%). Multidrug resistance (MDR) was observed in most (96.5%) E. coli isolates. Plasmid analysis revealed the presence of plasmid(s) in 165 (82.5%) of the E. coli isolates many of which had a plasmid size of 23 kb. Conclusions: The overall incidence of antibiotic resistance (including MDR) among E. coli in this study was high to commonly used antibiotics, but no drug resistance to meropenem and imipenem was observed. Periodic monitoring of the drug resistance pattern is essential for better management of urinary tract infections, which has direct impact on the outcome of the patient.

Aerobactin uptake system, ColV production, and drug resistance encoded by a plasmid from an urinary tract infection Escherichia coli strain of human origin

1990 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 297-299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darja Žgur-Bertok ◽  
Evgenija Modrič ◽  
Miklavž Grabnar
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Iron Uptake ◽  
Coli Strain ◽  
Uptake System ◽  
Human Origin ◽  
Coli Plasmid ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Key Words Escherichia Coli

A study of Escherichia coli strains isolated from patients suffering from urinary tract infections in Ljubljana, Yugoslavia, revealed a plasmid encoding the aerobactin iron uptake system, ColV production, and drug resistance. The plasmid is conjugative and at least 85 kilobases in length. Key words: Escherichia coli, plasmid, aerobactin, ColV, resistance.

scholarly journals Antibiotic susceptibility profile and extended spectrum β-lactamases production by uropathogenic Escherichia coli from tertiary care hospital of rural settings

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. 4022
Author(s):  
Mustafa Sofiur Rahman ◽  
Ritu Garg ◽  
Varsha A. Singh ◽  
Dipankar Biswas
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Uropathogenic Escherichia Coli ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility Test ◽  
Tract Infections

Background: Escherichia coli are the most common cause of urinary tract infections in community as well as hospital settings. Emergence of drug resistance in Escherichia coli due to various mechanisms makes the treatment options very limited. This study was undertaken to detect ESBLs in uropathogenic Escherichia coli isolates and to determine their antimicrobial susceptibility pattern in rural setting.Methods: A prospective study was done on 502 E. coli isolates from clinically suspected cases of urinary tract infections (UTI) patients of all age groups. All samples were inoculated on Cysteine Lactose Electrolyte Deficient Agar (CLED). Organisms grown in pure culture were identified by standard biochemical tests. Antibiotic susceptibility test was done by the Kirby Bauer Disc diffusion method on Muller Hinton agar. ESBL detection was done as per CLSI guidelines.Results: Of the 502 isolates of Escherichia coli, nitrofurantoin (82%) was found be most sensitive antimicrobial followed by amikacin (73%), gentamycin (71%) and imipenem (64%). Common empirically used antibiotics like fluroquinolones and Cotrimoxazole drugs showed alarming rate of resistance. 60% isolates were found to be multidrug resistant. ESBL production was detected in 31% isolates. ESBL producing strains were found to be more drug resistant than non ESBL producing strains.Conclusions: So, drug resistance due to production of ESBLs in Escherichia coli is a serious threat for clinicians. Strict infection control measures and early detection of beta lactamase producing isolates are the need of the hour to contain the emergence of this type of resistance.

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