scholarly journals Spatial Analysis of Erosion and Quantification of Soil Losses in Western Algeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 130-136
Author(s):  
Benamar Belgherbi ◽  
Kheloufi Benabdeli
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Analysis ◽  
Soil Loss ◽  
Significant Loss ◽  
Universal Soil Loss Equation ◽  
The South ◽  
Flat Terrain ◽  
Erosion Models ◽  
Western Algeria ◽  
Soil Losses ◽  
Soil Loss Equation

Abstract The objective of this study is to establish a soil loss map of a region located in western Algeria allowing the spatialization of erosion models, deposition, and quantification of soil loss. The model applied is Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE), wich was developed by Wischmeier and Smith. The map of current soil losses derived from it shows five areas: very low, low, medium, strong, and very strong. The significant loss in soil areas is located in most of the south of the area, the upstream mountains part, and a portion to the northwest of the region. They cover an area of 16,805 ha (15.27%) of the study area. The remainder of area constituting unrigged flat terrain accounts for a loss in low soil. The latter receives all the solid contributions which are deposited there constituting an important deposit.

COMPARISON OF PREDICTED AND MEASURED SHEET AND RILL EROSION LOSSES IN SOUTHERN ONTARIO

1979 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 211-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. J. P. VAN VLIET ◽  
G. J. WALL
Keyword(s):  
Soil Loss ◽  
Universal Soil Loss Equation ◽  
Rill Erosion ◽  
Southern Ontario ◽  
Loss Data ◽  
Soil Losses ◽  
Runoff Plots ◽  
Soil Loss Equation

Sheet and rill erosion losses evaluated by the universal soil loss equation were compared with 4–6 yr of measured soil loss data from runoff-plots at two locations in southern Ontario. Results indicated no significant differences (P = 0.10) between predicted and measured soil losses.

scholarly journals Modeling of water erosion by the erosion potential method in a pilot subbasin in southern Minas Gerais

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 555 ◽  
Author(s):  
André Silva Tavares ◽  
Velibor Spalevic ◽  
Junior Cesar Avanzi ◽  
Denismar Alves Nogueira ◽  
Marx Leandro Naves Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Loss ◽  
Water Erosion ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Universal Soil Loss Equation ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Erosion Processes ◽  
Total Soil ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Soil Losses ◽  
Soil Loss Equation

Soil losses due to water erosion threaten the sustainability of agriculture and the food security of current and future generations. This study estimated potential soil losses and sediment production under different types of land uses in a subbasin in the Municipality of Alfenas, southern Minas Gerais, southeastern Brazil. The objective of this research was to evaluate the application of the Potential Erosion Method by the Intensity of Erosion and Drainage program and correlate the findings with the results obtained by the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation as well as geoprocessing techniques and statistical analyses. In the Potential Erosion Method, the coefficient indicating the mean erosion intensity was 0.37, which corresponded to erosion category IV and indicated weak laminar erosion processes, and the total soil loss was 649.31 Mg year-1 and the mean was 1.46 Mg ha-1 year-1. These results were consistent in magnitude with those obtained in the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation, which estimated a mean soil loss of 1.52 Mg ha-1 year-1 and a total soil loss of 668.26 Mg year-1. The Potential Erosion Method suggests that 1.5% of the area presents potential soil losses above the soil loss tolerance limit, which ranged from 5.19 to 5.90 Mg ha-1 year-1, while the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation indicated that 7.3% of the area has potential soil losses above the limit. The maximum sediment discharge was 60 Mg year-1, meaning that 9.3% of the total soil loss reached the depositional areas of the river plains or watercourses. The Potential Erosion Method was efficient in the evaluation of water erosion in tropical soils, and the results were consistent with models widely employed in the estimation of soil losses. Thus, the model can support the evaluation of soil losses in Brazil and is a robust tool for evaluating the sustainability of agricultural activities.

scholarly journals A review of the (Revised) Universal Soil Loss Equation ((R)USLE): with a view to increasing its global applicability and improving soil loss estimates

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (11) ◽  
pp. 6059-6086 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rubianca Benavidez ◽  
Bethanna Jackson ◽  
Deborah Maxwell ◽  
Kevin Norton
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Soil Loss ◽  
Gully Erosion ◽  
Data Availability ◽  
Universal Soil Loss Equation ◽  
Soil Productivity ◽  
Temporal Scales ◽  
Erosion Models ◽  
The World ◽  
Soil Loss Equation

Abstract. Soil erosion is a major problem around the world because of its effects on soil productivity, nutrient loss, siltation in water bodies, and degradation of water quality. By understanding the driving forces behind soil erosion, we can more easily identify erosion-prone areas within a landscape to address the problem strategically. Soil erosion models have been used to assist in this task. One of the most commonly used soil erosion models is the Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) and its family of models: the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE), the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation version 2 (RUSLE2), and the Modified Universal Soil Loss Equation (MUSLE). This paper reviews the different sub-factors of USLE and RUSLE, and analyses how different studies around the world have adapted the equations to local conditions. We compiled these studies and equations to serve as a reference for other researchers working with (R)USLE and related approaches. Within each sub-factor section, the strengths and limitations of the different equations are discussed, and guidance is given as to which equations may be most appropriate for particular climate types, spatial resolution, and temporal scale. We investigate some of the limitations of existing (R)USLE formulations, such as uncertainty issues given the simple empirical nature of the model and many of its sub-components; uncertainty issues around data availability; and its inability to account for soil loss from gully erosion, mass wasting events, or predicting potential sediment yields to streams. Recommendations on how to overcome some of the uncertainties associated with the model are given. Several key future directions to refine it are outlined: e.g. incorporating soil loss from other types of soil erosion, estimating soil loss at sub-annual temporal scales, and compiling consistent units for the future literature to reduce confusion and errors caused by mismatching units. The potential of combining (R)USLE with the Compound Topographic Index (CTI) and sediment delivery ratio (SDR) to account for gully erosion and sediment yield to streams respectively is discussed. Overall, the aim of this paper is to review the (R)USLE and its sub-factors, and to elucidate the caveats, limitations, and recommendations for future applications of these soil erosion models. We hope these recommendations will help researchers more robustly apply (R)USLE in a range of geoclimatic regions with varying data availability, and modelling different land cover scenarios at finer spatial and temporal scales (e.g. at the field scale with different cropping options).

Evaluation of three soil erosion models for clay soils

Soil Research ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 199 ◽  
Author(s):  
DM Freebairn ◽  
DM Silburn ◽  
RJ Loch
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Soil Loss ◽  
Universal Soil Loss Equation ◽  
Clay Soils ◽  
Single Model ◽  
Erosion Models ◽  
Soil Loss Equation

The Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) and two modified USLE models were assessed for their ability to predict soil erosion on contour bay catchments on the Darling Downs, Queensland. The models were applied using USLE handbook values as well as optimized values determined by fitting the models to the experimental data. All three models explained greater than 80% of the variance in measured soil loss with no single model being consistently superior to the others. Cover reduced erosion more than that predicted by the USLE.

Event erosivity factor and errors in erosion predictions by some empirical models

Soil Research ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
pp. 991 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. I. A. Kinnell
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Model ◽  
Soil Loss ◽  
High Capacity ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Large Degree ◽  
Empirical Models ◽  
Universal Soil Loss Equation ◽  
Erosivity Index ◽  
Soil Losses ◽  
Soil Loss Equation

Analyses undertaken in this paper show that the Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) tends to overestimate low values of soil loss when the soil surface has a high capacity to infiltrate rainfall, but the degree of overestimation falls as the capacity of the soil to produce runoff increases. The USLE-M, a version of the USLE that uses the product of the runoff ratio and the EI30 as the event erosivity index, is more efficient in estimating soil loss because runoff is considered explicitly in the event erosivity index, whereas it is not in the USLE. The results show clearly that the problem of the USLE and the RUSLE overpredicting observed erosion losses, when erosion losses are low, is related to a large degree to model formula. In addition, the removal of restrictions to what constitutes a valid EI30 value increases the capacity of the RUSLE to overpredict low soil losses. As the USLE is an empirical model, values of USLE K, C, and P can only be used when the event erosivity parameter is EI30. Models like EPIC ignore this fact.

scholarly journals A Review of the Science and Logic Associated with Approach Used in the Universal Soil Loss Equation Family of Models

Soil Systems ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kinnell
Keyword(s):  
Soil Loss ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Universal Soil Loss Equation ◽  
Physical Situation ◽  
Rill Erosion ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Soil Losses ◽  
Soil Loss Equation ◽  
Rainfall Erosion

Soil erosion caused by rain is a major factor in degrading agricultural land, and agricultural practices that conserve soil should be used to maintain the long-term sustainability of agricultural land. The Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) was developed in the 1960s and 1970s to predict the long-term average annual soil loss from sheet and rill erosion on field-sized areas as an aid to making management decisions to conserve soil. The USLE uses six factors to take account of the effects of climate, soil, topography, crops, and crop management, and specific actions designed to conserve soil. Although initially developed as an empirical model based on data from more than 10,000 plot years of data collected in plot experiments in the USA, the selection of the independent factors used in the model was made taking account of scientific understanding of the drivers involved in rainfall erosion. In addition, assumptions and approximations were needed to make an operational model that met the needs of the decision makers at that time. Those needs have changed over time, leading to the development of the Revised USLE (RUSLE) and a second version of that, the Revised USLE, Version 2 (RUSLE2). While the original USLE model was not designed to predict short-term variations in erosion well, these developments have involved more use of conceptualization in order to deal with the time-variant impacts of the drivers involved in rainfall erosion. The USLE family of models is based on the concept that the “unit” plot, a bare fallow area 22.1 m long on a 9% slope gradient with cultivation up and down the slope, provides a physical situation where the effect of climate and soil on rainfall erosion can be determined without the need to consider the impact of the four other factors. The science and logic associated with this approach is reviewed. The manner by which the soil erodibility factor is determined from plot data ensures that the long-term average annual soil loss for the unit plot is predicted well, even when the assumption that event soil loss is directly related to the product of event rainfall energy, and the maximum 30-min intensity is not wholly appropriate. RUSLE2 has a capacity to use CLIGEN, the weather generator used in WEPP, and so can predict soil losses based on individual storms in a similar way to WEPP. Including a direct consideration of runoff in determining event erosivity enhances the ability to predict event soil losses when runoff is known or predicted well, but similar to more process-based models, this ability is offset by the difficulty in predicting runoff well.

scholarly journals A review of the (Revised) Universal Soil Loss Equation (R/USLE): with a view to increasing its global applicability and improving soil loss estimates

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rubianca Benavidez ◽  
Bethanna Jackson ◽  
Deborah Maxwell ◽  
Kevin Norton
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Soil Loss ◽  
Data Availability ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Universal Soil Loss Equation ◽  
Soil Productivity ◽  
Temporal Scales ◽  
Erosion Models ◽  
The World ◽  
Soil Loss Equation

Abstract. Soil erosion is a major problem around the world because of its effects on soil productivity, nutrient loss, siltation in water bodies, and degradation of water quality. By understanding the driving forces behind soil erosion, we can more easily identify erosion-prone areas within a landscape and use land management and other strategies to effectively manage the problem. Soil erosion models have been used to assist in this task. One of the most commonly used soil erosion models is the Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) and its family of models: the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE), the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation version 2 (RUSLE2), and the Modified Universal Soil Loss Equation (MUSLE). This paper reviewed the different components of USLE and RUSLE etc., and analysed how different studies around the world have adapted the equations to local conditions. We compiled these studies and equations to serve as a reference for other researchers working with R/USLE and related approaches. We investigate some of the limitations of R/USLE, such as issues in data-sparse regions, its inability to account for soil loss from gully erosion or mass wasting events, and that it does not predict sediment pathways from hillslopes to water bodies. These limitations point to several future directions for R/USLE studies: incorporating soil loss from other types of soil erosion, estimating soil loss at sub-annual temporal scales, and using consistent units for future literature. These recommendations help to improve the applicability of the R/USLE in a range of geoclimatic regions with varying data availability, and at finer spatial and temporal scales for scenario analysis.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Soil Erosion and Sustainable Land Use Management in the Sarısu Basin

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (8) ◽  
pp. 864
Author(s):  
Ertuğrul Karaş ◽  
İrfan Oğuz
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Soil Conservation ◽  
Soil Loss ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Universal Soil Loss Equation ◽  
Land Use Management ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Soil Losses ◽  
Soil Loss Equation

Land use management requires controlling natural resources for sustainability. Soil erosion related to improper land use is a major issue around the world. Land degradation may harm the health of ecosystems. Defining the soil loss in a basin is the starting point in the restoration of soil quality for crop production. Reducing soil losses to a tolerable rate is one of the primary objectives for sustainability and soil conservation. Central Anatolia is under considerable risk due to an increase in the cultivation of marginal lands for food production. Cultivated lands have already been reached the final limits throughout the last 50 years. Moreover, forests and considerable areas of pasture have recently been converted to ploughed fields due to agricultural expansion. This study was conducted in the Sarısu basin to evaluate soil losses and land use management for sustainability. The Universal Soil Loss Equation model and Geographic Information System techniques were used to estimate the soil losses. The mean potential soil loss of the basin was calculated to be 1.88 t ha-1 per year with the Universal Soil Loss Equation model. These results are comparatively small when compared to the average value for Turkey of 13 t ha-1 yearly. Our calculated results are closer to the value for the Sakarya river basin, which is approximately 2.77 t ha-1 y-1. In this study, land usages in the Sarısu basin were evaluated in terms of soil losses, tolerable soil loss rates and soil conservation precautions.

KAJIAN EROSI LAHAN DI KAWASAN AIR STRIP RUNWAY 2600 BANDARA DEPATI AMIR (PGK) BERDASARKAN TATA GUNA LAHAN MASTERPLAN ULTIMATE

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 100-111
Author(s):  
Miskar Maini ◽  
Junita Eka Susanti
Keyword(s):  
Sediment Yield ◽  
Soil Loss ◽  
Universal Soil Loss Equation ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Sediment Delivery Ratio ◽  
Sediment Delivery ◽  
Soil Loss Equation

Standar permintaan engineering pesawat agar desain bangunan infrastruktur di area Air Strip Runway 2600 yang ada dapat mempunyai fungsi lain. Sedangkan kondisi lain sangat menentukan keselamatan karena lahan di sekitar Air Strip Runway 2600 Bandara Depati Amir (PGK) jika tidak ditutupi vegetasi seperti rumput, kondisi lain lahan yang belum ditutupi vegetasi di sekitar Air Strip Runway 2600 berpotensi akan mengalami erosi lahan, kemudian hasil erosi lahan ini akan terbawa oleh aliran air sehingga akan masuk ke saluran drainase yang akan menyebabkan sedimentasi pada saluran drainase tersebut, akhirnya akan berkurang efektifitas kinerja saluran drainase tersebut. Metode yang digunakan untuk memprediksi laju rata-rata erosi di area Air Strip Runway 2600 dengan memperhitungkan faktor erosivitas hujan, erodibilitas tanah, kemiringan lereng atau panjang lereng, pengelolaan tanaman dan konservasi tanah, yang masing masing tata guna lahan tersebut mengacu pada Masterplan Ultimate Bandara Depati Amir (PGK). Perhitungan dilakukan menggunakan persamaan USLE (Universal Soil Loss Equation) yang dikembangkan oleh Wischmeier dan Smith (1965, 1978), kemudian Sediment Delivery Ratio (SDR) dan Sediment Yield.Hasil penelitian ini, prediksi laju erosi permukaan pada area Air Strip Runway 2600 Bandara Depati Amir (PGK) tahun pertama yang mencapai 5,60 mm/tahun atau 100,76 Ton/Ha/tahun, laju erosi tahun kedua mencapai 3,38 mm/tahun atau 60,84 Ton/Ha/tahun dapat diklasifikasikan ke dalam kelas bahaya erosi sedang (kelas III) dan nilai SDR adalah sebesar 56,3%, nilai sediment yield (SR) pada tahun pertama sebesar 5.887,59 Ton/Tahun, pada tahun kedua ketika rumput pada area Air Strip telah tumbuh dengan sempurna terjadi penurunan hasil sediment yield yaitu nilai SR sebesar 3.554,85 Ton/Tahun.

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