Alleviation of ultraviolet-C-induced oxidative damage through overexpression of cytosolic ascorbate peroxidase

Biologia ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 66 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Saurabh Saxena ◽  
Pankaj Joshi ◽  
Bernhard Grimm ◽  
Sandeep Arora
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Transgenic Plants ◽  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Ascorbate Peroxidase ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Nicotiana Tabacum L ◽  
Cytosolic Ascorbate Peroxidase ◽  
Ultraviolet C ◽  
Uv C

AbstractExperiments were conducted to investigate the relationship between ultraviolet (UV) C-induced oxidative damage and the activity of ascorbate peroxidase (APX), using transgenic tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L. cv. Petit Havana) plants overexpressing cytosolic APX gene (apx1). Transgenic plants having 2.3 fold higher total APX activity, as compared to the wild type plants, showed normal morphological characters. Exposure of 70-day-old plants to fixed intensity UV-C radiation caused an increase in the malondialdehyde (MDA) content in wild type as well as transgenic plants. However, the wild type plants showed significantly higher (p < 0.05) lipid peroxidation as compared to the transgenic plants. Higher proline accumulation was recorded in transgenic plants as compared to the wild type plants, after 24 hours of UV-C exposure. Although the ascorbate content decreased continuously with increasing exposure to UV-C radiation, yet the wild type plants exhibited higher ascorbate levels than the transgenic plants. A marked difference in H2O2 content, between the wild type and transgenic plants, was consistently observed up to 20 hours of UV-C exposure. A direct correlation of ascorbate, MDA and H2O2 levels was recorded with the extent of oxidative stress, signifying that these could be used as potential bio-marker molecules for oxidative stress. The results clearly demonstrate that overexpression of cytosolic APX can protect tobacco plants from UV-C-induced oxidative damage.

Enhanced zinc and cadmium tolerance and accumulation in transgenic Arabidopsis plants constitutively overexpressing a barley gene (HvAPX1) that encodes a peroxisomal ascorbate peroxidase

Botany ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 86 (6) ◽  
pp. 567-575 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weifeng Xu ◽  
Weiming Shi ◽  
Feng Liu ◽  
Akihiro Ueda ◽  
Tetsuko Takabe
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Transgenic Plants ◽  
Ascorbate Peroxidase ◽  
Transgenic Arabidopsis ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
Cadmium Tolerance ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Zinc Tolerance ◽  
Zinc Stress ◽  
Transgenic Arabidopsis Plants

Ascorbate peroxidase (APX) plays an important role in oxidative stress metabolism in higher plants. To determine the role of APX in protection against excessive-zinc-induced oxidative stress, transgenic Arabidopsis plants constitutively overexpressing a peroxisomal ascorbate peroxidase gene (HvAPX1) from barley were analyzed. In this study, we found that transgenic plants were more tolerant to zinc stress than wild-type plants. Under zinc stress, the concentration of hydrogen peroxide and malondialdehyde accumulation were higher in wild-type plants than in transgenic plants. Therefore, the mechanism of zinc tolerance in transgenic plants may be due to reduced oxidative stress damage. Under zinc stress, the activities of APX were significantly higher in transgenic plants than in wild-type plants. We also found that the zinc accumulation in the shoots were much higher in transgenic plants than in wild-type plants under zinc stress. In addition, we found that compared with wild-type plants, transgenic plants were more tolerant to excessive cadmium stress and accumulated more cadmium in shoots. These results suggest that HvAPX1 plays an important role in zinc and cadmium tolerance, and might be a candidate gene for developing high-biomass tolerant plants for phytoremediation of zinc- and cadmium-polluted environments.

Assessment of Oxidative Damage in the Primary Mouse Ocular Surface Cells/Stem Cells in Response to Ultraviolet-C (UV-C) Damage

10.3791/59924 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bipasha Bose ◽  
Saketh Kapoor ◽  
Utsav Sen ◽  
Muhammad Nihad AS ◽  
Debajit Chaudhury ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Ocular Surface ◽  
Primary Mouse ◽  
Ultraviolet C ◽  
Uv C

Cytosolic ascorbate peroxidase 1 protects organelles against oxidative stress by wounding- and jasmonate-induced H2O2 in Arabidopsis plants

2012 ◽  
Vol 1820 (12) ◽  
pp. 1901-1907 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takanori Maruta ◽  
Takahiro Inoue ◽  
Masahiro Noshi ◽  
Masahiro Tamoi ◽  
Yukinori Yabuta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Ascorbate Peroxidase ◽  
Cytosolic Ascorbate Peroxidase

scholarly journals Overexpression of an evolutionarily conserved drought-responsive sugarcane gene enhances salinity and drought resilience

2019 ◽  
Vol 124 (4) ◽  
pp. 691-700 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Begcy ◽  
Eduardo D Mariano ◽  
Carolina G Lembke ◽  
Sonia Marli Zingaretti ◽  
Glaucia M Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transgenic Plants ◽  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Co2 Concentration ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Gas Exchange Parameters ◽  
Physiological Level ◽  
Tobacco Seeds ◽  
Genes Encoding

Abstract Background and Aims Improving drought adaptation is more pressing for crops such as sugarcane, rice, wheat and maize, given the high dependence of these crops on irrigation. One option for enhancing adaptation to water limitation in plants is by transgenic approaches. An increasing number of genes that are associated with mechanisms used by plants to cope with water scarcity have been discovered. Genes encoding proteins with unknown functions comprise a relevant fraction of the genes that are modulated by drought. We characterized a gene in response to environmental stresses to gain insight into the unknown fraction of the sugarcane genome. Scdr2 (Sugarcane drought-responsive 2) encodes a small protein and shares highly conserved sequences within monocots, dicots, algae and fungi. Methods Plants overexpressing the Scdr2 sugarcane gene were examined in response to salinity and drought. Measurements of the gas exchange parameters, germination rate, water content, dry mass and oxidative damage were performed. Seeds as well as juvenile plants were used to explore the resilience level of the transgenic plants when compared with wild-type plants. Key Results Overexpression of Scdr2 enhanced germination rates in tobacco seeds under drought and salinity conditions. Juvenile transgenic plants overexpressing Scdr2 and subjected to drought and salinity stresses showed higher photosynthesis levels, internal CO2 concentration and stomatal conductance, reduced accumulation of hydrogen peroxide in the leaves, no penalty for photosystem II and faster recovery after submission to both stress conditions. Respiration was not strongly affected by both stresses in the Scdr2 transgenic plants, whereas wild-type plants exhibited increased respiration rates. Conclusions Scdr2 is involved in the response mechanism to abiotic stresses. Higher levels of Scdr2 enhanced resilience to salinity and drought, and this protection correlated with reduced oxidative damage. Scdr2 confers, at the physiological level, advantages to climate limitations. Therefore, Scdr2 is a potential target for improving sugarcane resilience to abiotic stress.

scholarly journals Enhanced Tolerance against a Fungal Pathogen and Insect Resistance in Transgenic Tobacco Plants Overexpressing an Endochitinase Gene from Serratia marcescens

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (14) ◽  
pp. 3482 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samantha Sarai Navarro-González ◽  
José Augusto Ramírez-Trujillo ◽  
Guadalupe Peña-Chora ◽  
Paul Gaytán ◽  
Abigail Roldán-Salgado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transgenic Plants ◽  
Serratia Marcescens ◽  
Spodoptera Frugiperda ◽  
Fungal Pathogen ◽  
Chitinase Gene ◽  
Transgenic Tobacco Plants ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Tobacco Plants ◽  
Transformation Vector ◽  
Nicotiana Tabacum L

In this study we cloned a chitinase gene (SmchiC), from Serratia marcescens isolated from the corpse of a Diatraea magnifactella lepidopteran, which is an important sugarcane pest. The chitinase gene SmchiC amplified from the S. marcescens genome was cloned into the transformation vector p2X35SChiC and used to transform tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L. cv Petit Havana SR1). The resistance of these transgenic plants to the necrotrophic fungus Botrytis cinerea and to the pest Spodoptera frugiperda was evaluated: both the activity of chitinase as well as the resistance against B. cinerea and S. frugiperda was significantly higher in transgenic plants compared to the wild-type.

scholarly journals The in vivo gene expression signature of oxidative stress

2008 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 112-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eun-Soo Han ◽  
Florian L. Muller ◽  
Viviana I. Pérez ◽  
Wenbo Qi ◽  
Huiyun Liang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Gene Expression ◽  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Antioxidant Genes ◽  
Genetic Ablation ◽  
Expression Response ◽  
P53 Target Genes

How higher organisms respond to elevated oxidative stress in vivo is poorly understood. Therefore, we measured oxidative stress parameters and gene expression alterations (Affymetrix arrays) in the liver caused by elevated reactive oxygen species induced in vivo by diquat or by genetic ablation of the major antioxidant enzymes CuZn-superoxide dismutase ( Sod1) and glutathione peroxidase-1 ( Gpx1). Diquat (50 mg/kg) treatment resulted in a significant increase in oxidative damage within 3–6 h in wild-type mice without any lethality. In contrast, treatment of Sod1−/− or Gpx1−/− mice with a similar concentration of diquat resulted in a significant increase in oxidative damage within an hour of treatment and was lethal, i.e., these mice are extremely sensitive to the oxidative stress generated by diquat. The expression response to elevated oxidative stress in vivo does not involve an upregulation of classic antioxidant genes, although long-term oxidative stress in Sod1−/− mice leads to a significant upregulation of thiol antioxidants (e.g., Mt1, Srxn1, Gclc, Txnrd1), which appears to be mediated by the redox-sensitive transcription factor Nrf2. The main finding of our study is that the common response to elevated oxidative stress with diquat treatment in wild-type, Gpx1−/−, and Sod1−/− mice and in untreated Sod1−/− mice is an upregulation of p53 target genes ( p21, Gdf15, Plk3, Atf3, Trp53inp1, Ddit4, Gadd45a, Btg2, Ndrg1). A retrospective comparison with previous studies shows that induction of these p53 target genes is a conserved expression response to oxidative stress, in vivo and in vitro, in different species and different cells/organs.

scholarly journals SoxRS-Regulated Expression and Genetic Analysis of the yggX Gene of Escherichia coli

2003 ◽  
Vol 185 (22) ◽  
pp. 6624-6632 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pablo J. Pomposiello ◽  
Anastasia Koutsolioutsou ◽  
Daniel Carrasco ◽  
Bruce Demple
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Type Strain ◽  
Wild Type Strain ◽  
Ectopic Expression ◽  
Deletion Strain ◽  
Northern Analysis ◽  
Multicopy Plasmid ◽  
Wild Type

ABSTRACT Genomic studies with bacteria have identified redox-responsive genes without known roles in counteracting oxidative damage. Previous transcriptional profiling showed that expression of one such gene, yggX, was activated by superoxide stress in Escherichia coli. Here we show that this activation could be mimicked by artificial expression of the regulatory protein SoxS. Northern analysis confirmed the transcriptional activation of yggX by oxidative stress or SoxS expression but not in response to the related MarA or Rob proteins. Northern analysis showed that mltC, which codes for a peptidoglycan hydrolase and is positioned immediately downstream of yggX, was also regulated by oxidative stress or ectopic expression of SoxS. Purified SoxS protein bound to the predicted yggX promoter region, between positions 223 and 163 upstream from the yggX translational start site. Within this region, a 20-bp sequence was found to be necessary for oxidative stress-mediated activation of yggX transcription. A yggX deletion strain was hypersensitive to the redox-cycling agent paraquat, and a plasmid expressing YggX complemented the sensitivity of the deletion strain. Under exposure to paraquat, the yggX deletion strain showed a deficiency in aconitase activity compared to the isogenic wild-type strain, while expression of YggX from a multicopy plasmid increased the aconitase levels above those of the wild-type strain. These results demonstrate the direct regulation of the yggX gene by the redox-sensing SoxRS system and provide further evidence for the involvement of yggX in protection of iron-sulfur proteins against oxidative damage.

scholarly journals Inhibition of Catalase by Antisense RNA Increases Susceptibility to Oxidative Stress and Chilling Injury in Transgenic Tomato Plants

1999 ◽  
Vol 124 (4) ◽  
pp. 330-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kanogwan Kerdnaimongkol ◽  
William R. Woodson
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Transgenic Plants ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Catalase Activity ◽  
Chilling Stress ◽  
Chilling Injury ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Transgenic Tomato ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Leaf Extracts

Transgenic tomatoes (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. `Ohio 8245') expressing an antisense catalase gene (ASTOMCAT1) were used to test the hypothesis that modification of the reactive oxygen species scavenging mechanism in plants can lead to changes in oxidative stress tolerance. A 2- to 8-fold reduction in total catalase activity was detected in the leaf extracts of transformants. A 2-fold increase in levels of H2O2 was observed in the transgenic plants with reduced catalase activity. Electrophoretic characterization of multiple catalase isoforms revealed the specific suppression of CAT1 in transgenic plants. Homozygous plants carrying the antisense catalase transgene were used to study the effect of alteration in the expression of catalase on stress tolerance. Transgenic plants treated with 3% H2O2 showed visible damage within 24 hours and subsequently died. In contrast, wild-type and azygous control plants recovered from the treatment. Transgenic plants did not survive 4 °C chilling stress compared to control wild-type and azygous lines. Physiological analysis of these plants indicated that suppression of catalase activity in transgenic tomato led to enhanced sensitivity to oxidative stress. Our data support a role for catalase in oxidative stress defense system in tomato.

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