Present-day evolution of coastal lakes based on the example of Jamno and Bukowo (the Southern Baltic coast)

2014 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Choiński ◽  
Mariusz Ptak ◽  
Agnieszka Strzelczak
Keyword(s):  
Water Surface ◽  
Open Water ◽  
Aerial Photographs ◽  
Direct Connection ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
Coastal Lakes ◽  
Baltic Coast ◽  
Water Surface Area ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
Lake Basins

AbstractThis study presents the directions and the rate of changes occurring in the coastal lakes Jamno and Bukowo, located in northern Poland. Based on the cartographic materials and aerial photographs of those water bodies, it was established that in 1909–2012, the area of the lakes decreased by 183.6 ha (7.7%) and 250.7 ha (13.6%) for Jamno and Bukowo, respectively. Another component of lake disappearance — shallowing of lake basins — was analyzed using bathymetric plans. It turned out that water supplies of Jamno during more than 100 years decreased by 2.4 million m3 (5.9%), while in the case of Bukowo, it was 5.9 million (17.5%). Unfavorable location (inflow of pollutants from the basin) and morphometry of both lakes should be considered as the main causes of such major changes. The lakes are polymictic with a considerable area of the shallowest zone (1 m depth). This favors the vegetation succession and, consequently, shallowing of the lake basins. Moreover, direct connection with the Baltic Sea contributes to the fact that the materials of marine origin deposited in the form of a reverse delta also contribute to a decrease in the open water surface area.

scholarly journals Ships and their timber source as indicators of connections between regions

AmS-Skrifter ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 133-143
Author(s):  
Aoife Daly
Keyword(s):  
Western Europe ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
The North ◽  
Baltic Coast ◽  
Art Objects ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
North And South ◽  
North Western

The precise dating and determination of the source of timbers in shipwrecks found around the coasts of the North Sea and the Baltic Sea, through dendrochronology allows us to see connections between north and  south, east and west throughout the region and to a high chronological precision. In this paper we take a look at results of recent analyses of timber from ships, and timber and barrel cargoes, to try to draw a chronological picture, from the twelfth to seventeenth centuries, of links between regions, through transport in oak ships and trade of timber. Archaeological finds of oak from timber cargos in shipwrecks and fine art objects (painted panels and sculpture) show the extent to which timber was shipped from Hanseatic towns along the southern Baltic coast, to western and north-western Europe.

scholarly journals On contribution of horizontal and intra-layer convection to the formation of the Baltic Sea cold intermediate layer

2008 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 581-623
Author(s):  
I. P. Chubarenko ◽  
N. Y. Demchenko
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Intermediate Layer ◽  
Heat Content ◽  
Field Measurements ◽  
Open Water ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Cold Intermediate Layer ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
Fast Increase

Abstract. Seasonal cascades down the coastal slopes and intra-layer convection are considered as the two mechanisms contributing to the Baltic Sea cold intermediate layer (CIL) formation. On the base of TS-diagrams, mean-annual and real-time temperature profiles, the CIL features are re-analyzed. The presence within the CIL of water with temperature below that of maximum density (Tmd) and that at the local surface allows tracing its formation. Field measurements are presented, showing specific features of denser water formation in marine environment. It is argued that such cascades formed during early spring heating (March–April) – before reaching the Tmd – are the source of the coldest waters of the CIL. Fast increase of the open water heat content during further spring heating indicates that horizontal exchange rather than direct solar heating is responsible for that. When the surface is covered with water, heated above the Tmd, the conditions within the CIL become favorable for intralayer convection due to the presence of waters of Tmd in intermediate layer, which can explain the observed increase of its salinity and deepening with time.

Relationships between the Baltic Sea ice extent and ice parameters in the sheltered basins of the southern Baltic coast

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 291-303
Author(s):  
Józef P. Girjatowicz ◽  
Małgorzata Świątek
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Coastal Lagoons ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Ice Thickness ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
Sea Ice Extent ◽  
Regression Methods ◽  
Baltic Coast ◽  
Southern Baltic ◽  
The Baltic

AbstractIn the study, archive data on the maximum annual ice extent in the Baltic Sea (MIB) for the period 1961–2018 were used. They were obtained from the FIMR database. Data on ice parameters for the four largest southern Baltic coastal lakes: Jamno, Bukowo, Gardno and Łebsko, and for Szczecin, Puck, and Vistula Lagoons, come from the Maritime Branch of Institute of Meteorology and Water Management – National Research Institute (in Polish: Instytut Meteorologii i Gospodarki Wodnej – Panstwowy Instytut Badawczy, IMGW-PIB) in Gdynia. The time series for the lakes cover the years from 1960 to 2018, and for the lagoons – from 1946 to 2018. Three ice parameters were selected for this study: the number of days with ice, the duration of the ice season and the maximum ice thickness for a given winter. Relationships between the selected ice parameters for the studied basins and the MIB were examined using correlation and regression methods.Correlations between the MIB and values of the ice parameters for the lakes and the southern Baltic coastal lagoons do not differ significantly. Considerable differences are observed amongst the correlation coefficients for individual ice parameters and the MIB.Larger differences are found in relationships between the values of individual ice parameters in the sheltered basins and the MIB. The strongest correlation with the MIB is observed for the maximum ice thickness and the number of days with ice.

scholarly journals Salinity as a Key Factor on the Benthic Fauna Diversity in the Coastal Lakes

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 3039
Author(s):  
Natalia Mrozińska ◽  
Katarzyna Glińska-Lewczuk ◽  
Krystian Obolewski
Keyword(s):  
Salinity Gradient ◽  
Benthic Communities ◽  
Benthic Fauna ◽  
Open Water ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Species Number ◽  
Environmental Predictors ◽  
Coastal Lakes ◽  
Α Diversity ◽  
The Baltic

Benthic communities were studied in nine Polish coastal lakes of the Baltic Sea; representing three levels of hydrological connection with the sea (isolated, periodically connected, and permanently connected), with resultant differences in salinity (freshwater, transitional, and brackish). The lakes classified in this way allowed us to investigate biodiversity in relation to the degree of environmental pressure. Stress intensity in coastal water bodies, resulting from contrasting marine and terrestrial influences, varied from mild to severe. Spatial variation in environmental predictors affected species richness more strongly than seasonal fluctuations. The broader the spatial salinity gradient, the smaller the species number recorded. Differences in the intensity of natural instability only slightly affected species number and α-diversity. In Baltic coastal lakes, characterized by low salinity (max. 7.5 PSU), benthic faunal communities were dominated by large populations of opportunistic species. This applied primarily to closed systems and those periodically influenced by seawater intrusion. The marine component of fauna played a more important role in increasing the diversity of benthos in permanently open water bodies (brackish). The highest density of benthic fauna was recorded in them, whereas low values were associated with the strongest instability, observed in lakes periodically linked with the sea (transitional).

Patterns of phytoplankton composition in coastal lakes differed by connectivity with the Baltic Sea

2018 ◽  
Vol 631-632 ◽  
pp. 951-961 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krystian Obolewski ◽  
Katarzyna Glińska-Lewczuk ◽  
Martyna Bąkowska ◽  
Monika Szymańska ◽  
Natalia Mrozińska
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Phytoplankton Composition ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
Coastal Lakes ◽  
The Baltic

scholarly journals Characteristics of Convective Snow Bands in the Baltic Sea Area

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Jeworrek ◽  
Lichuan Wu ◽  
Christian Dieterich ◽  
Anna Rutgersson
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Regional Climate Model ◽  
Climate Model ◽  
Regional Climate ◽  
Open Water ◽  
Ocean Model ◽  
Precipitation Rate ◽  
Shallow Convection ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
The Baltic

Abstract. Convective snow bands develop in response to a cold air outbreak from the continent over the open water surface of lakes or seas. The comparatively warm water body triggers shallow convection due to increased heat and moisture fluxes. Strong winds can align with this convection into wind-parallel cloud bands, which appear stationary as the wind direction remains consistent for the time period of the snow band event, delivering enduring snow precipitation at the approaching coast. The statistical analysis of a dataset from an 11-year high resolution atmospheric regional climate model (RCA4) indicated 4 to 7 days a year of moderate to highly favorable conditions for the development of convective snow bands in the Baltic Sea region. The heaviest and most frequent lake effect snow was affecting the regions of Gävle and Västervik (along the Swedish east coast) as well as Gdansk (along the Polish coast). However, the hourly precipitation rate is often higher in Gävle than in the Västervik region. Two case studies comparing five different RCA4 model setups have shown that the Rossby Centre atmospheric regional climate model RCA4 provides a superior representation of the sea surface with more accurate SST values when coupled to the ice-ocean model NEMO as opposed to the forcing by the ERA-40 reanalysis data. The refinement of the resolution of the atmospheric model component lead especially in horizontal direction to significant improvement on the representation of the mesoscale circulation process as well as the local precipitation rate and area by the model.

scholarly journals Water Surface Overgrowing of the Tatra’s Lakes

2018 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juraj Kapusta ◽  
Juraj Hreško ◽  
František Petrovič ◽  
Dávid Tomko-Králo ◽  
Jozef Gallik
Keyword(s):  
Water Surface ◽  
Open Water ◽  
Rapid Expansion ◽  
Peat Bogs ◽  
Vegetation Zone ◽  
Fine Sediments ◽  
Significant Phenomenon ◽  
The High Tatras ◽  
Alpine Landscape ◽  
Lake Basins

AbstractTatra’s lakes are vulnerable ecosystems and an important element of the alpine landscape. Mainly some shallow lake basins succumb to intense detritus sedimentation, fine fractions of material from the catchment area or to the overgrowing of water level by vegetation. In this paper, changes and dynamics of the 12 Tatra’s lake shorelines that were selected based on the detailed mapping of their extent are pointed out. Changes were assessed by accurate comparisons of historical and current orthophoto maps from the years 1949, 1955 and 2015 – and therefore, based on the oldest and the latest relevant materials. Due to the overgrowing of lakes caused by vegetation, their water surface decreased from −0.9% up to −47.9%, during the examined period. Losses were caused by the overgrowing of open water surface by the communities of sedges and peat bogs. The most significant dynamics of the shorelines during the last decades were reached by those lakes, into which fine sediments were simultaneously deposited by means of mountain water coarse. These sediments made the marginal parts of the lake basins shallower and accelerated rapid expansion of vegetation to the detriment of the open water surface. The overgrowing of shallow moraine lakes lying in the vegetation zone is a significant phenomenon of the High Tatras alpine landscape. It leads to their gradual extinction, turn into peat bogs and wet alpine meadows.

scholarly journals SPATIAL-TEMPORAL DETECTION OF CHANGES ON THE SOUTHERN COAST OF THE BALTIC SEA BASED ON MULTITEMPORAL AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHS

2016 ◽  
Vol XLI-B2 ◽  
pp. 49-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Michalowska ◽  
E. Glowienka ◽  
A. Pekala
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Aerial Images ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Aerial Photographs ◽  
Annual Data ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Base Line ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
Multitemporal Data ◽  
The Baltic

Digital photogrammetry and remote sensing solutions applied under the project and combined with the geographical information system made it possible to utilize data originating from various sources and dating back to different periods. Research works made use of archival and up-to-date aerial images, satellite images, orthophotomaps. Multitemporal data served for mapping and monitoring intermediate conditions of the Baltic Sea shore zone without a need for a direct interference in the environment. The main objective of research was to determine the dynamics and volume of sea shore changes along the selected part of coast in the period of 1951-2004, and to assess the tendencies of shore development in that area. For each of the six annual data sets, the following were determined: front dune base line, water line and the beach width. The location of the dune base line, which reflects the course of the shoreline in a given year was reconstructed based on stereoscopic study of images from each annual set. Unidirectional changes in the period of 1951-2004 occurred only within 10% of the examined shore section length. The examined shore is marked by a high and considerable dynamics of changes. Almost half of the shore, in particular the middle coast shows big changes, in excess of 2 m/year. The limits of shoreline changes ranged from 120 to -90 m, and their velocity from 0 to 11 m/year, save that the middle and west parts of the examined coast section were subjected to definitely more intense shore transformations. Research based on the analysis of multitemporal aerial images made it possible to reconstruct the intermediate conditions of the Baltic Sea shoreline and determine the volume and rate of changes in the location of dune base line in the examined period of 53 years, and to find out tendencies of shore development and dynamics.

scholarly journals Bioaccumulation of Heavy Metals in Hydromacrophytes from Five Coastal Lakes (North‑Western Poland, Baltic Sea)

2017 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 1265-1277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena Senze ◽  
Monika Kowalska‑Góralska ◽  
Przemysław Pokorny ◽  
Wojciech Kruszyński
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Aquatic Plant ◽  
Bioaccumulation Factor ◽  
Metal Bioaccumulation ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
Coastal Lakes ◽  
Significant Regression ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
North Western

The study concerned Polish coastal lakes separated from the Baltic Sea by a sandbar. The study was designed to determine whether the aquatic plants in the coastal lakes in Poland accumulate Cu, Ni, Cd. The material consisted of water and aquatic plant samples collected in the years 2012 and 2013 in lakes Resko Przymorskie, Jamno, Bukowo, Kopań and Wicko. The metal with the lowest content (mg.kg−1) in the plants was Cd, and the concentrations can be arranged as follows: Cd < Ni < Cu (mean 0.46 < 1.91 < 5.56) in 2012 and (mean 1.04 < 1.86 < 4.68) in 2013. For water, the order of concentrations (mg.l−1) of metals was follows: Cd < Ni < Cu (mean 0.0010 < 0.0033 < 0.0035) in 2012 and Cd < Cu < Ni (mean 0.0036 < 0.0107 < 0.0115) in 2013. The metal bioaccumulation in hydro‑macrophytes expressed by means of a bioaccumulation factor (BCF) was as follows: Cd < Ni < Cu (mean 474 < 1447 < 1519) in 2012 and Ni < Cd < Cu (mean 201 < 369 < 542) in 2013. The metal concentrations in samples were found comparable with those in moderately polluted surface waters. Statistically significant regression was only found between Cd concentration in water and in plants (R = 0.3484). Conductivity does not affect metals content in samples. Statistically significant differences were noted between water reaction and the content of all metals in water, and Cd content in case of the plants.

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