scholarly journals MAY THE LOVE BE WITH YOU: FROM THE JOY OF LIFE TO THE TRANSCENDENCE OF EXISTENCE IN TAKAHATA ISAO’S ANIMATION WORKS

SYNERGY ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Grajdian Maria ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Phenomenological Approach ◽  
The Self ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cultural Products ◽  
Single Entity ◽  
Theoretical Structure ◽  
Studio Ghibli ◽  
Human Awareness

From Ponpoko: The Heisei Tanuki War (1994), through My Neighbours, the Yamadas (1999), and until The Tale of Princess Kaguya (2013), the animation movies directed by the reputed animation director Takahata Isao (1935-2018) and released by Studio Ghibli since mid-1990s address the phenomenon of “life” as a meaningful endeavour towards attaining higher levels of human awareness. This occurs either by living in accordance with the flow of history, or by enjoying every moment as it comes, or, respectively, by delving into cosmic rhythms of imponderability: every single entity of existence delivers significance and comprehension, as displayed on multiple layers in the three animation works analyzed in this paper. Thus, in a phenomenological approach inspired by Julia Kristeva’s monumental publication La Révolution du langage poétique (1974) which views cultural products as mirroring channels of repression (Verdrängung) and desire (Begehren), the analysis draws on an anthropological framework in which the researcher functions as a dynamic, self-reflexive interface mediating between the self-ness of the theoretical structure (here: life and the quest for its significance) and the other-ness of the representation medium (here: Japanese animated works).

scholarly journals Der Spannungsbogen von Autonomie und Verletzlichkeit. Eine phänomenologisch-anthropologische Reflexion / The Unsolved Tension between Autonomy and Vulnerability

2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 349-363
Author(s):  
Alice Pugliese
Keyword(s):  
Phenomenological Approach ◽  
The Self ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Definition Of

Summary A phenomenological approach to anthropology should not propose a static definition of man, but inquire into specific human motivations, which never occur isolated. Therefore, the autonomy-dependency connection is presented as a possible human motivational ground. The notion of autonomy, presented with reference to the Kantian idea of the self-determining reason and to the Husserlian account of self-constitution, reveals in itself elements of dependency. On the other side, the notion of vulnerability and reliance is displayed through different approaches of Gehlen, MacIntyre and Toombs in order to illustrate dependency not as a mere capitulation of the subject, but as one of its intrinsic possibilities, which does not exclude autonomous will.

scholarly journals The problem of intersubjectivity in Western philosophy: Boundaries of the communicative approach

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oksana Somova ◽  
Pavel Vladimirov
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Sequential Analysis ◽  
Communicative Action ◽  
Phenomenological Approach ◽  
Research Area ◽  
The Self ◽  
The Other ◽  
Self In Relation ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Social Phenomenology

The article defines the meaning of the phenomenological approach to the analysis of the concept of intersubjectivity in the context of social and philosophical problems of the balance of the Self and the Other. The discourse is based on the correlation of phenomenological orientation and communicative action in determining the mechanisms of identity of the Self in relation to the Other in the inseparability of social reality. A sequential analysis of prerequisites and research approaches aimed at testing the problem of intersubjectivity is carried out. The focus is placed on social phenomenological research of A. Schutz and the theory of communicative action of J. Habermas, which are aimed at understanding the correlation between the peculiarities of human existence, his life-world and the area of social relations or the inevitability of establishing overindividual patterns. Relevance of the research lies in elaborating the issue of establishing intersubjectivity under the fundamental non-identity of the subjects of communication and their predetermined attitudes. The article concludes by outlining the feasibility of expanding the rational predetermination of the subject-subjective structure of communicative action with the research area of social phenomenology.

scholarly journals ЦЕННОСТНЫЙ ПОТЕНЦИАЛ ЭКЗИСТЕНЦИАЛЬНОГО ДИАЛОГА В СИСТЕМЕ ПЕДАГОГИЧЕСКИХ ИДЕЙ Ф. М. ДОСТОЕВСКОГО (НА МАТЕРИАЛЕ «ДНЕВНИКА ПИСАТЕЛЯ» И ЭГО-ДОКУМЕНТОВ 1863–1880 ГГ.)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Pats’orka
Keyword(s):  
Phenomenological Approach ◽  
Literary Work ◽  
Literary Text ◽  
Value Orientation ◽  
The Self ◽  
The Other ◽  
Moral Foundations ◽  
Young Generation ◽  
Orientation Vector ◽  
Self Knowledge

Введение. Феноменологический дискурс в литературоведении связан с методологической установкой на восприятие литературного произведения как феномена авторской действительности и события в восприятии читателя. За счет такой диалогической двуориентированности литературный текст перестает осмысляться как замкнутый объект, выходя на уровень экзистенциальной коммуникации автора и читателя с основой на ценностную событийность. Что позволяет говорить о возможности раскрытия воспринимающего сознания через диалогический поиск своего и чужого слова. Материал и методы. В исследовании используются аналитико-описательный, аксиологический методы и феноменологический подход. В качестве материала для исследования выступают глава «Дневника писателя» Ф. М. Достоевского «Одна из современных фальшей» (1873), эго-документы: записные книжки 1863–1864 гг., письма к А. Г. Ковнеру (1877), Н. П. Петерсону (1878) и Е. Ф. Юнге (1880). Результаты и обсуждение. В рамках аксиологического анализа текста в качестве ресурса была выделена категория «позиция автора» как «эстетический коэффициент» вектора ценностной ориентации литературного произведения. «Позиция автора» осмысляется через диалогическое начало, выведенное М. М. Бахтиным как первоопределяющее в полифоническом строе произведений Ф. М. Достоевского. Диалог у писателя понятие всеохватное, не имеющее ни временных, ни пространственных границ. Это нашло непосредственное отражение в идее, жанре и композиции «Дневника писателя». Другодоменантность, основанная на сопряжении сознаний Я и Другого, характеризуется позиционно-ценностной вариативностью. Экзистенциальное сознание писателя проявляется в слове, имеющем диалогическую ориентацию. Диалог является атрибутивной характеристикой экзистенциального сознания. Личностное Я проявляет себя как объект и субъект через ситуацию анализа процесса самопознания. Заключение. Процесс открытия читателем не просто духовно-нравственных основ личности автора, но самой ситуации их формирования является важным в ситуации ценностной ориентации молодого поколения. Через диалог с сознанием воспринимающего субъекта Достоевский открывает для читателя путь к обретению своего Я (как Я-автора, так и Я-читателя).Introduction. Phenomenological discourse in literature is connected with methodological orientation on perception of literary work as a phenomenon of author’s reality and event in reader perception. Due to such dialogue biorientation, the literary text ceases to be understood as a closed object, reaching the level of existential communication between the author and the reader with the basis for value event. Which makes it possible to talk about the possibility of revealing the perceiving consciousness through a dialog search for one’s word and another’s word. Materials and methods. The study uses analytical, descriptive, axiological methods and a phenomenological approach. The material for the study is the chapter of “A Writer’s Dairy” by F. M. Dostoevsky “One of the Modern Fales” (1873), ego-documents: notebooks 1863–1864, letters to A. G. Kovner (1877), N. P. Peterson (1878) and E. F. Yunge (1880). Results and discussion. As part of the axiological analysis of the text, the category “author’s position” was identified as an “aesthetic coefficient” of the value orientation vector of the literary work. The “position of the author” is understood through the dialogical principle, drawn by M. M. Bakhtin as the first definition in the polyphonic structure of the works of F. M. Dostoevsky. The dialogue of the writer is an all-encompassing concept, with neither temporary nor simple borders. This was directly reflected in the idea, genre and composition of “A Writer’s Diary”. Other modality, based on the conjugation of the Self and the Other consciousness, is characterized by position-value variability. The existential consciousness of the writer manifests itself in a word having a dialogue orientation. Dialogue is an attributive characteristic of existential consciousness. Personal Self shows itself as an object and subject through the situation of analysis of the process of self-knowledge. Conclusion. The process of the reader discovering not just the spiritual and moral foundations of the author’s personality, but the very situation of their formation is important in the situation of the value orientation of the young generation. Through the dialogue with the consciousness of the perceiving subject, Dostoevsky opens the way for the reader to acquire his Self (both I-author and I-reader).

Kimura Bin

2019 ◽  
pp. 147-156
Author(s):  
James Phillips
Keyword(s):  
Phenomenological Approach ◽  
The Self ◽  
The Other ◽  
Average Person

Kimura Bin (1931–) is a Japanese psychiatrist who has combined a Western, phenomenological approach to psychiatry with traditional Japanese concepts. His studies of schizophrenia are the topic of this chapter. Kimura begins by distinguishing the self in action and the self as object of reflection, expressed in Husserlian language as the subjective, noetic self and the objective, noematic self. He then postulates a reflective moment within the noetic sphere itself—momentary reflection in the course of acting. While the average person balances the active and reflective moments, the person with schizophrenia thinks that one is himself and the other an alien presence. He then traces the origin of schizophrenia to a failure of aïda, a Japanese concept that conveys a sense of openness and an originary bond with others. He argues that the ultimate deficit in schizophrenia is an inability to maintain an active/reflective balance in the interpersonal sphere.

Providing Freshmen with a Good “Starting-Block”

2019 ◽  
Vol 78 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 69-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikaël De Clercq ◽  
Charlotte Michel ◽  
Sophie Remy ◽  
Benoît Galand
Keyword(s):  
The Self ◽  
The Other ◽  
Student Adjustment ◽  
Social Psychological ◽  
Pivotal Phase ◽  
Study Program ◽  
Study Task ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Belonging ◽  
Intention To Persist

Abstract. Grounded in social-psychological literature, this experimental study assessed the effects of two so-called “wise” interventions implemented in a student study program. The interventions took place during the very first week at university, a presumed pivotal phase of transition. A group of 375 freshmen in psychology were randomly assigned to three conditions: control, social belonging, and self-affirmation. Following the intervention, students in the social-belonging condition expressed less social apprehension, a higher social integration, and a stronger intention to persist one month later than the other participants. They also relied more on peers as a source of support when confronted with a study task. Students in the self-affirmation condition felt more self-affirmed at the end of the intervention but didn’t benefit from other lasting effects. The results suggest that some well-timed and well-targeted “wise” interventions could provide lasting positive consequences for student adjustment. The respective merits of social-belonging and self-affirmation interventions are also discussed.

Stories and the Self

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Krause ◽  
Markus Appel
Keyword(s):  
Meta Analysis ◽  
The Self ◽  
The Other ◽  
Lower Degree ◽  
Contrast Effects ◽  
Self Perception ◽  
Self Perceptions ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The One ◽  
Implicit And Explicit

Abstract. Two experiments examined the influence of stories on recipients’ self-perceptions. Extending prior theory and research, our focus was on assimilation effects (i.e., changes in self-perception in line with a protagonist’s traits) as well as on contrast effects (i.e., changes in self-perception in contrast to a protagonist’s traits). In Experiment 1 ( N = 113), implicit and explicit conscientiousness were assessed after participants read a story about either a diligent or a negligent student. Moderation analyses showed that highly transported participants and participants with lower counterarguing scores assimilate the depicted traits of a story protagonist, as indicated by explicit, self-reported conscientiousness ratings. Participants, who were more critical toward a story (i.e., higher counterarguing) and with a lower degree of transportation, showed contrast effects. In Experiment 2 ( N = 103), we manipulated transportation and counterarguing, but we could not identify an effect on participants’ self-ascribed level of conscientiousness. A mini meta-analysis across both experiments revealed significant positive overall associations between transportation and counterarguing on the one hand and story-consistent self-reported conscientiousness on the other hand.

Don’t Put Me in This Group

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 80-93
Author(s):  
Jort de Vreeze ◽  
Christina Matschke
Keyword(s):  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Negative Emotions ◽  
Negative Information ◽  
The Self ◽  
The Other ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Group Memberships

Abstract. Not all group memberships are self-chosen. The current research examines whether assignments to non-preferred groups influence our relationship with the group and our preference for information about the ingroup. It was expected and found that, when people are assigned to non-preferred groups, they perceive the group as different to the self, experience negative emotions about the assignment and in turn disidentify with the group. On the other hand, when people are assigned to preferred groups, they perceive the group as similar to the self, experience positive emotions about the assignment and in turn identify with the group. Finally, disidentification increases a preference for negative information about the ingroup.

From Container to Claustrum: Projective Identification in Couples

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamara Feldman
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Health ◽  
Projective Identification ◽  
The Self ◽  
The Other ◽  
Intimate Partners ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
As If

This paper is a contribution to the growing literature on the role of projective identification in understanding couples' dynamics. Projective identification as a defence is well suited to couples, as intimate partners provide an ideal location to deposit unwanted parts of the self. This paper illustrates how projective identification functions differently depending on the psychological health of the couple. It elucidates how healthier couples use projective identification more as a form of communication, whereas disturbed couples are inclined to employ it to invade and control the other, as captured by Meltzer's concept of "intrusive identification". These different uses of projective identification affect couples' capacities to provide what Bion called "containment". In disturbed couples, partners serve as what Meltzer termed "claustrums" whereby projections are not contained, but imprisoned or entombed in the other. Applying the concept of claustrum helps illuminate common feelings these couples express, such as feeling suffocated, stifled, trapped, held hostage, or feeling as if the relationship is killing them. Finally, this paper presents treatment challenges in working with more disturbed couples.

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