scholarly journals Changes in micro- and central hemodynamic parameters in rats under the action of acetylsalicylic acid and its coordination compounds with metals

2022 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 75-86
Author(s):  
E. N. Chuyan ◽  
I. S. Mironyuk ◽  
M. Yu. Ravaeva ◽  
T. V. Grishina ◽  
I. V. Cheretaev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acetylsalicylic Acid ◽  
Coordination Compounds ◽  
Vascular Diseases ◽  
Central Hemodynamics ◽  
Doppler Flowmetry ◽  
Current State ◽  
Central Hemodynamic ◽  
Representative Model ◽  
Effective Drugs ◽  
Zinc Nickel

Introduction. The cutaneous blood circulation is a representative model both for studying the mechanisms of vascular diseases and for assessing the current state of the central hemodynamics in preclinical researches of various chemical compounds. Aim. The changes in the parameters of cutaneous microcirculation and central hemodynamics (heart rate and blood pressure) were studied in the animals under the action of acetylsalicylic acid and its coordination compounds with cations of cobalt, zinc, nickel and manganese at a dose of 20 mg/kg. Materials and methods. The research was conducted using the laser Doppler flowmetry method on the Lazma-MC device (manufactured by RPE Lazma, Russia) and the NIBP200A system (Biopac Systems, Inc., USA). Results. The study shows that animals develop bradycardia, and microcirculation and central hemodynamics change in two ways after the introduction of acetylsalicylic acid and the tested metal salicylates. These ways are hypotension-related hyperemia (acetylsalicylic acid and cobalt salicylate) and ischemia (zinc, nickel and manganese salicylates) associated with hypertension. Conclusion. The obtained data confirm the cardiotropic activity of new coordination compounds. The data also prove that the generation of the acetylsalicylic acid derivatives allows enhancing it physiological effects, as well as obtaining completely new molecules. The molecules are different from the precursor one and are necessary for the production of effective drugs.

scholarly journals SEASICKNESS - CURRENT STATE OF PREVENTION AND TREATMENT ISSUE

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-14
Author(s):  
I. S. Drachev ◽  
V. I. Legeza ◽  
A. B. Seleznev
Keyword(s):  
Specific Activity ◽  
Conflict Theory ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cholinergic Antagonists ◽  
Scopolamine Hydrobromide ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
Sleeping Pills ◽  
Current State ◽  
Intersensory Conflict ◽  
Effective Drugs

The paper describes the current state of development of seasickness as one of movement disease variants. The given type of pathology occurs when combining different types of ship’s motion (rolling and pitching). Circular, vertical and slow movements induce more pronounced and frequent signs of seasickness than linear, horizontal and quick ones. In the view of majority of researchers, the most likely is an intersensory conflict theory i.e. violation of coherent functioning of afferent body systems performing spatial orientation, statokinetic equilibrium and keeping balance. The leading role is played by the functional dysfunction of the vestibular analyzer. The classification of means of preventing and stopping of motion sickness is given, the mechanisms of their action, specific activity and side effects are described. It has been shown that currently the most effective drugs are M-cholinergic antagonists (scopolamine hydrobromide) and H1-histamine antagonists of the 1st generation (dimenhydrinate, diphenhydramine, cyclizine, meclizine, promethazine, etc.). Of the antipsychotics and blockers of D2 receptors, prochlorperazine and metoclopramide are recommended. It is also worth to use prokinetics (domperidone, cisapride, renzapride, etc.), tranquilizers (barbiturates, benzodiazepines), sleeping pills and local anesthetics. Particular attention is paid to combination drugs, consisting of antiemetic and psychostimulating drugs, designed to maintain working capacity under the influence of seasickness factors on the body. Non-pharmacological means of preventing seasickness and alleviating its symptoms are described. The main directions of improving the system of measures aimed at maintaining efficiency in the presence of symptoms of seasickness are determined. 

scholarly journals Characteristics of Hemodynamic Disorders in Patients with Severe Traumatic Brain Injury

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryta E. Rzheutskaya
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Death ◽  
Severe Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Transpulmonary Thermodilution ◽  
Hemodynamic Parameters ◽  
Central Hemodynamics ◽  
Close Study ◽  
Central Hemodynamic ◽  
Death Group

Purpose. To define specific features of central hemodynamic parameter changes in patients with isolated severe traumatic brain injury (STBI) and in patients with clinically established brain death and to determine the required course of treatment for their correction.Data and Research Methods. A close study of central hemodynamic parameters was undertaken. The study involved 13 patients with isolated STBI (group STBI) and 15 patients with isolated STBI and clinically established brain death (group STBI-BD). The parameters of central hemodynamics were researched applying transpulmonary thermodilution.Results. In the present study, various types of hemodynamic reaction (normodynamic, hyperdynamic, and hypodynamic) were identified in patients with isolated STBI in an acute period of traumatic disease. Hyperdynamic type of blood circulation was not observed in patients with isolated STBI and clinically established brain death. Detected hemodynamic disorders led to the correction of the ongoing therapy under the control of central hemodynamic parameters.Conclusions. Monitoring of parameters of central hemodynamics allows to detect the cause of disorders, to timely carry out the required correction, and to coordinate infusion, inotropic, and vasopressor therapy.

Vascular Nanomedicine: Current Status, Opportunities, and Challenges

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (05) ◽  
pp. 524-544 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Sun ◽  
Anirban Sen Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Vascular Diseases ◽  
The Body ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Current State ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Disease Site ◽  
Drug Pharmacokinetics

AbstractThe term “nanotechnology” was coined by Norio Taniguchi in the 1970s to describe the manipulation of materials at the nano (10−9) scale, and the term “nanomedicine” was put forward by Eric Drexler and Robert Freitas Jr. in the 1990s to signify the application of nanotechnology in medicine. Nanomedicine encompasses a variety of systems including nanoparticles, nanofibers, surface nano-patterning, nanoporous matrices, and nanoscale coatings. Of these, nanoparticle-based applications in drug formulations and delivery have emerged as the most utilized nanomedicine system. This review aims to present a comprehensive assessment of nanomedicine approaches in vascular diseases, emphasizing particle designs, therapeutic effects, and current state-of-the-art. The expected advantages of utilizing nanoparticles for drug delivery stem from the particle's ability to (1) protect the drug from plasma-induced deactivation; (2) optimize drug pharmacokinetics and biodistribution; (3) enhance drug delivery to the disease site via passive and active mechanisms; (4) modulate drug release mechanisms via diffusion, degradation, and other unique stimuli-triggered processes; and (5) biodegrade or get eliminated safely from the body. Several nanoparticle systems encapsulating a variety of payloads have shown these advantages in vascular drug delivery applications in preclinical evaluation. At the same time, new challenges have emerged regarding discrepancy between expected and actual fate of nanoparticles in vivo, manufacturing barriers of complex nanoparticle designs, and issues of toxicity and immune response, which have limited successful clinical translation of vascular nanomedicine systems. In this context, this review will discuss challenges and opportunities to advance the field of vascular nanomedicine.

THE INDICATORS OF THE CARDIORESPIRATORY SYSTEM OF RATS UNDER THE ACTION OF ACETYLSALICYLIC ACID IN DIFFERENT CONCENTRATIONS

2020 ◽  
Vol 6(72) (1) ◽  
pp. 150-161
Author(s):  
M. Yu. Ravaeva ◽  
E. N. Chuyan ◽  
I. S. Mironyuk ◽  
I. V. Cheretaev ◽  
A. V. Pivovarchuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Acetylsalicylic Acid ◽  
Peripheral Resistance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cardiorespiratory System ◽  
Doppler Flowmetry ◽  
Scientific Equipment ◽  
Maximum Decrease ◽  
Reported Study ◽  
Almost All

The present study is devoted to revealing the peculiarities of the reaction of tissue microhemodynamics and cardiorespiratory system of animals the action acetylsalicylic acid in different concentrations on in rats. The study was carried out on the basis of the Center for collective use of scientific equipment «Experimental Physiology and Biophysics» of the Department of Human and Animal Physiology and Biophysics of the V. I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University. The animals were divided into six groups of 10 animals. The first group was biological control; in the animals of this group, the microcirculation parameters were recorded by the laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF) method. The second-sixth group of animals was registered parameters of microcirculation and cardiorespiratory system. The LDF-metry was performed with the help of the laser analyzer of the blood flow «LAZMA-MC». It was researched the action of 5, 10, 40, 80, and 120 mg/kg doses acetylsalicylic acid on cardiorespiratory parameters in rats. It was found that the effect of acetylsalicylic acid in all doses significantly decreased only heart rate. The maximum decrease in this indicator was registered in animals when acetylsalicylic acid was administered at a dose of 120 mg/kg by 24.4 % (p≤0.05) relative to the values in the control group of animals. When acetylsalicylic acid was administered in isolated doses, there was a significant change in the activity of almost all components of microvascular tone regulation. These changes were most pronounced when animals were administered acetylsalicylic acid at a dose of 80 mg/kg. Thus, the action of acetylsalicylic acid it was increased the endothelium-dependent vasodilation, blood flow to the nutritive microvasculars, improvement in venular outflow and decreased in peripheral resistance. The reported study was funded by RFBR, project number 20-33-70142.

DEVELOPMENT OF A DEVICE FOR NON-INVASIVE ASSESSMENT OF CENTRAL HEMODYNAMIC PARAMETERS

2021 ◽  
pp. 96-102
Author(s):  
Александра Алексеевна Троценко ◽  
Александр Викторович Кобелев ◽  
Александр Петрович Николаев ◽  
Аза Валерьевна Писарева
Keyword(s):  
Heart Disease ◽  
Cardiovascular System ◽  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Central Hemodynamics ◽  
Total Blood ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Biotechnical System ◽  
Central Hemodynamic ◽  
Theoretical Stage

В статье представлена разработка технического проекта по созданию прибора для неинвазивной оценки параметров центральной гемодинамики. Сердечно-сосудистые заболевания являются основной причиной смерти во всем мире: ни по какой другой причине ежегодно не умирает столько людей, сколько от патологий сердца. По оценкам, за последние годы от сердечных заболеваний умерло 17,9 миллиона человек, что составило 31% всех случаев смерти в мире. Другой известной причиной смертей являются различные аритмии. Таким образом, из-за растущего количества людей, страдающих патологий сердца, необходимо во время лечения как можно подробнее изучать состояние сердечно-сосудистой системы во избежание негативных последствий. Чтобы обеспечить более высокую результативность лечения, используется метод электроимпедансной реокардиографии, который позволяет оценить суммарное кровенаполнение органов и тканей. Целью данной статьи являлась разработка технического проекта по созданию прибора для неинвазивной оценки параметров центральной гемодинамики. Представлен теоретический этап разработки технического устройства. Описаны существующие методы измерений - трансторакальные или прекордиальные для нахождения необходимых параметров сердечно-сосудистой системы с помощью реокардиографии. Предложены технические характеристики разрабатываемой биотехнической системы, а также схема и описание прибора The article presents the development of a technical project for the creation of a device for non-invasive assessment of the parameters of central hemodynamics. Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death worldwide: for no other reason as many people die every year as from heart disease. An estimated 17.9 million people have died from heart disease in recent years, accounting for 31% of all deaths worldwide. Various arrhythmias are another known cause of death. Thus, due to the growing number of people suffering from heart pathologies, it is necessary during treatment to study the state of the cardiovascular system in as much detail as possible in order to avoid negative consequences. To ensure a higher efficiency of treatment, the method of electrical impedance rheocardiography is used, which allows to assess the total blood volume of organs and tissues. The purpose of this article was to develop a technical project to create a device for non-invasive assessment of the parameters of central hemodynamics. The theoretical stage of the development of a technical device is presented. The existing measurement methods are described - transthoracic or precordial to find the necessary parameters of the cardiovascular system using rheocardiography. The technical characteristics of the developed biotechnical system, as well as the scheme and description of the device are proposed

scholarly journals Six-Week Exercise Training With Dietary Restriction Improves Central Hemodynamics Associated With Altered Gut Microbiota in Adolescents With Obesity

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junhao Huang ◽  
Jingwen Liao ◽  
Yang Fang ◽  
Hailin Deng ◽  
Honggang Yin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Dietary Restriction ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Hemodynamic Parameters ◽  
Resting Heart Rate ◽  
Central Hemodynamics ◽  
Central Hemodynamic ◽  
Subendocardial Viability Ratio

PurposeObesity in children and in adolescents can lead to adult cardiovascular diseases, and the gut microbiota plays a crucial role in obesity pathophysiology. Exercise and diet interventions are typical approaches to improve physical condition and to alter the gut microbiota in individuals with obesity. However, whether central hemodynamic parameters including subendocardial viability ratio, the augmentation index standardized to a heart rate of 75/min (AIx75), resting heart rate, and blood pressure, correlate with gut microbiota changes associated with exercise and diet is unclear.MethodsAdolescents (n = 24, 12.88 ± 0.41 years) with obesity completed our 6-week program of endurance and strength exercises along with dietary restriction. Blood and fecal samples were collected, and physical parameters were measured before and 24 h after the last session of the intervention program. Pulse wave analysis using applanation tonometry provided the subendocardial viability ratio, a surrogate measure of microvascular myocardial perfusion, and AIx75, a measure of arterial stiffness and peripheral arteriolar resistance. Correlation analysis detected any associations of anthropometric or central hemodynamic parameters with gut microbiome composition.ResultsExercise and diet interventions significantly reduced body weight, body mass index, body fat, and waist-to-hip ratio, and lowered levels of fasting blood glucose, serum triglycerides, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. AIx75 and resting heart rate were also significantly reduced after the intervention without changes to systolic or diastolic blood pressure. The ratio of intestinal microbiota Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes displayed a marked increase after intervention. Interventional changes in gut microbiota members were significantly associated with anthropometric and metabolic parameters. Microbial changes were also significantly correlated with central hemodynamic parameters, including subendocardial viability ratio, AIx75, and resting heart rate.ConclusionExercise and diet interventions significantly improved measures of central hemodynamics, including subendocardial viability ratio, AIx75, and resting heart rate, which were correlated with altered gut microbiota in adolescents with obesity. Our findings shed light on the effects and mechanisms underlying exercise and diet interventions on obesity and suggest this approach for treating patients with both cardiovascular disease and obesity.

Comparison of Skeletal Muscle Laser Doppler Flowmetry to Changes in Central Hemodynamics in Detecting the Physiological Response to Moderate Hemorrhage

1995 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agustin A. Rodriguez ◽  
Glenn P. Gardner ◽  
Wayne W. Lamorte ◽  
Eliot T. Obi-Tabot ◽  
C.Robert Valeri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Laser Doppler Flowmetry ◽  
Physiological Response ◽  
Laser Doppler ◽  
Central Hemodynamics ◽  
Doppler Flowmetry

scholarly journals Cultural and historical foundations of the development of domestic education and pedagogy in the second half of the XX – early XXI centuries

2020 ◽  
pp. 93-105
Author(s):  
Mikhail V. Boguslavskiy ◽  
Tatiana N. Boguslavskaya ◽  
Konstantin Yu. Milovanov ◽  
Anatoly V. Ovchinnikov
Keyword(s):  
Historical Development ◽  
Pedagogical Knowledge ◽  
The State ◽  
Educational Legislation ◽  
National Education ◽  
Current State ◽  
Representative Model ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
State Educational ◽  
Pedagogical Science

The article deals with the issues of studying the cultural and historical foundations of the development of national Education and Pedagogy in the second half of the XX – early XXI centuries. The article reveals the current state of development of historical and pedagogical knowledge, which has formed a favorable methodological basis for presenting a representative model of the process of cultural and historical development of the national pedagogical science of this period. The article provides a meaningful description of educational reforms of the Soviet and postSoviet periods. The article describes the state of the system of educational legislation and identifies the leading trends in implementing the state educational policy in the USSR and the Russian Federation.

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