Differential radiological semiotics of coronavirus infection and other etiology pneumonias

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (Ahead of Print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aliya Kadyrova ◽  
Irina Antipina ◽  
Indira Kyrbasheva ◽  
Iliar Baudinov ◽  
Cholponbek Zhunushaliev ◽  
...  

In this review article we summarized the differential diagnosis of radiological signs of pneumonia associated with COVID-19 infection and emphasized learning points.  

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1972 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 637-637
Author(s):  
Richard A. Meyer ◽  
Samuel Kaplan

In the November 1971 issue of Pediatrics, the review article on the use of radionuclide examinations in children refers to pericardial scanning to diagnose pericardial effusion and to differentiate pericardial disease from cardiac enlargement. This technique has been supplanted by the simple noninvasive method of echocardiography which is highly accurate and without risk. Therefore, radionuclide need not be used in the differential diagnosis of pericardial disease. The review also omits the significant applications of the use of radionuclides in the differential diagnosis of congenital heart disease.


2019 ◽  
Vol 80 (02) ◽  
pp. 111-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelsey Dumanch ◽  
Gayla Poling

Objectives To provide an introduction to the role of audiological evaluations with special reference to patients with skull base disease. Design Review article with case-based overview of the current state of the practice of diagnostic audiology through highlighting the multifaceted clinical toolbox and the value of mechanism-based audiological evaluations that contribute to otologic differential diagnosis. Setting Current state of the practice of diagnostic audiology. Main Outcome Measures Understanding of audiological evaluation results in clinical practice and value of contributions to interdisciplinary teams to identify and quantify dysfunction along the auditory pathway and its subsequent effects. Results Accurate auditory information is best captured with a test battery that consists of various assessment crosschecks and mechanism-driven assessments. Conclusion Audiologists utilize a comprehensive clinical toolbox to gather information for assessment, diagnosis, and management of numerous pathologies. This information, in conjunction with thorough medical review, provides mechanism-specific contributions to the otologic and lateral skull base differential diagnosis.


CJEM ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 435-437
Author(s):  
Chelsea R. Beaton ◽  
Clinton Meyer

Learning Points:•Know and identify clinical presentations of toxic alcohols.•Understand the differential diagnosis of high anion gap metabolic acidosis.•Appreciate the importance of history and clinical findings in establishing methanol toxicity diagnoses, especially in centres where laboratory testing is unavailable.•Recognize the value of provincial poison centres in supporting emergency physicians in the diagnosis and management of poisonings and overdoses.


Author(s):  
Aline de Oliveira Ramalho ◽  
Talita dos Santos Rosa ◽  
Vera Lúcia Conceição de Gouveia Santos ◽  
Paula Cristina Nogueira

Objective:report the case of a critical patient with COVID-19 and show the main findings related to the injury considered acute skin failure (ASF), as well as perform his differential diagnosis with preventable pressure injury (PI). Method: observational, longitudinal, case report type study, developed in a hospital in São Paulo, in the intensive care unit (ICU) exclusively for people diagnosed with COVID-19. Data were collected from a single patient between March and September 2020. Results: A patient with complications from COVID-19 developed a skin lesion, initially defined as PI and later reclassified as ASF. The following findings corroborated the diagnosis: prolonged invasive mechanical ventilation, respiratory, renal and cardiac insufficiency and sepsis of respiratory focus. In addition, other aggravating factors, such as the use of vasoactive drugs, hemodynamic instability with intolerance to minimal repositioning, prolonged fasting and disseminated intravascular coagulopathy associated with coronavirus infection. Conclusion: the report shows that there are difficulties for the differential diagnosis between ASF and PI in clinical practice. This is a new concept, and it is essential that health professionals recognize the main factors associated with the appearance of ASF, many of which are also related to the development of PI, highlighting the need for individualized analysis of these injuries, and ensuring the implementation of interventions for prevention and treatment.


2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 78-95
Author(s):  
A. S. Vinokurov ◽  
O. I. Belenkaya ◽  
E. A. Zolotova ◽  
S. V. Michurina ◽  
O. O. Vinokurova ◽  
...  

Due to the current epidemiological situation caused by the spread of the new SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus, in March 2020 several Moscow hospitals were completely or partially redesigned to receive patients with community- acquired pneumonia.Purpose. The aim of the survey is to analyze clinical, laboratory and radiological data in patients with coronavirus infection at the early stages of its spread in Russia, and to clarify diseases for differential diagnosis mainly based on CT evidence.Materials and methods. We studied data from 21 patients with verified coronavirus infection admitted to the hospital for community-acquired pneumonia. Clinical symptoms, laboratory and physical indicators, as well as typical lung changes on the CT were evaluated.Results. Major clinical symptoms in coronavirus patients are fever (100%), cough (90.5%), shortness of breath (76.1%). Laboratory indicators showed increases in CRP (85.7%), leukocytosis (66.6%), and LDG (84.6%). According to CT, 95.2% of lung changes involved both sides, and 66.7% occurred in all lung fields. The sign of “ground glass” was observed in a 100% of the cases, its combination with the “paving stone” – in 61,9%, “ground glass” coupled with small areas of consolidations were detected in 33,3% of the cases. Changes such as nodules, cavities and massive areas of consolidation were not identified.Conclusion. On the basis of our own data we confirmed the main trends of diagnostics and clinical features, which were identified by authors from Asia and Europe, who faced this infection earlier, and also considered important CT characteristics useful for differential diagnosis of coronavirus lung damage and other lung diseases.


2020 ◽  
Vol 101 (3) ◽  
pp. 371-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
R F Akhmetshin ◽  
A A Rizvanov ◽  
S N Bulgar ◽  
Z G Kamalov ◽  
R F Gainutdinova ◽  
...  

This article presents a review of the ocular manifestations of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) by using materials of Russian and international researchers. After the outbreak of COVID-19 began in China in December 2019, isolated works on ocular manifestations of coronavirus infection began to appear in the literature. The review article summarizes data on the origin and species of viruses that infect humans, the structure of coronaviruses, and intermediate hosts of the virus. A separate chapter is devoted to the mode of transmission for infectious. Itis shown that the main route of COVID-19 transmission from person to person is airborne. Of great interest to the ophthalmologists is the review of works devoted to the virus detection in the conjunctival sac. In particular, some studies have shown that in patients with COVID-19, the virus is present in the lacrimal fluid. According to the authors, it indicates that coronavirus might be transmitted through the conjunctiva. These statements are confirmed by clinical and experimental researches. The presence of coronavirus in tears indicates the possibility to cause disease by the ocular route. That is a potential infection source for different types of physicians during routine examinations of patients, and especially by ophthalmologists. Therefore healthcare workers should wear eye protection when dealing with patients who may have COVID-19. Ophthalmologists must take necessary safety precautions, even in conducting a routine physical examination. It is also worth noting that conjunctivitis can be the first symptom of COVID-19. It is proved that the virus in the conjunctiva was detected even in patients without symptoms of eye inflammation. Also interesting for researchers is the manifestations of coronavirus infection in animals, which, according to the authors, is essential for understanding the possible mechanisms of disease development and manifestations in humans.


2021 ◽  
pp. 5-8
Author(s):  
V. V. Lesnoy ◽  
A. S. Lesna ◽  
V. A. Filonenko

Summary. Aim. To analyze the features of differential diagnosis of urgent surgical pathology during a coronavirus infection pandemic. Materials and methods. The work is based on the analysis of the results of additional examination of 28 patients at the admission department, who sought medical help in an urgent manner. Results. The advantages and disadvantages of using instrumental methods for detecting atypical forms of coronavirus infection and acute abdominal pathology are analyzed. Based on this, a diagnostic algorithm was developed using express tests for the determination of COVID-19 and urgent ultrasound protocols, which made it possible to identify lung lesions without clinical symptoms in 8 (28.6 %) patients, and to confirm acute surgical pathology in 5 (17.9 %) patients. Conclusion. Еxamining patients with suspected acute abdominal pathology for the purpose of differential diagnosis with the gastrointestinal form of COVID-19, it is necessary to use rapid tests for detecting antibodies to coronavirus infection and sonographic examination of the abdominal organs (FAST protocol), chest organs (BLUE protocol).


2020 ◽  
pp. bjophthalmol-2020-316992 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saurabh Verma ◽  
Vinod Kumar ◽  
Shorya Azad ◽  
Amber Amar Bhayana ◽  
Abhidnya Surve ◽  
...  

Focal choroidal excavation (FCE) is defined as an area of concavity in choroid detected on optical coherence tomography. These are mostly present in macular region without evidence of accompanying scleral ectasia or posterior staphyloma. Though initially considered to be congenital, increasing number of cases have been identified in association with other choroidal pathologies such as central serous choroidopathy, choroidal neovascularisation, polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy, choroiditis, choroidal tumours. In this review article, we aim to elaborate on the morphology, pathogenesis and differential diagnosis of FCE and specifically discuss the spectrum of diseases with known association along with the impact of their treatment on FCE


Author(s):  
D.P. Volodin ◽  
◽  
A.V. Kotelnikova ◽  
E.S. Kotova ◽  
A.A. Yarovoy ◽  
...  

The review article provides literature data related to the history of differential diagnosis of retinoblastoma and lesions simulating retinoblastoma (pseudoretinoblastomas), provides a modern classification of pseudoretinoblastomas, describes clinical and diagnostic features that allow to differentiate these conditions. The analysis of Russian and foreign publications on main pseudoretinoblastomas requiring differential diagnosis with retinoblastoma in pediatric ophthalmological practice was carried out. Key words: ophthalmology, retinoblastoma, lesions simulating retinoblastoma, pseudoretinoblastomas, differential diagnosis.


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