DECOLORIZATION OF DISTILLERY EFFLUENT WASTE BY MICROBIAL CONSORTIUM

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Gauri Singh ◽  
Ashok Kumar Singh
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Sugar Industry ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Regular Time ◽  
Microbial Strains ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi ◽  
Harmful Effects ◽  
Effluent Waste ◽  
Maximum Decolorization

<p><strong>Aim</strong>: The effluent discharged from sugarcane molasses based distilleries causes environmental pollution due to its large volume and dark brown colour. The effluents also acifidys soils and causes harmful effects on agriculture crops. The objective of this work was the decolourization of molasses waste water from Doiwala sugar industry, Dehradun was done using different microbial consortiums. <strong>Methodology and Results</strong>: The microbial strains used in this study were obtained from IMTECH, Chandigarh. They were designated as A is E. coli, B is Pseudomonas aeruginosa, C is Staphylococcus aureus, D is Serritia odoriferae, E is Proteus vulgaris and F is Candida albicans. A total of six combinations were prepared using these strains i.e A+B, C+D, E+F, A+B+C, D+E+F and A+B+C+D+E+F. These consortiums were subjected to decolorization experiment of molasses waste water from Doiwala Sugar Factory, Dehradun, India at regular time interval by measuring the optical density. It was observed that at 7th day incubation in each case all consortiums showed maximum decolorization after which the percentage of decolorization was stable. It was also observed that the bacterial consortiums showed higher decolorization than the mixture of bacteria and fungi. Consortium C+D showed highest decolorization i.e. 89%. <strong>Conclusion, significance and impact study</strong>: it is recommended that industry should work with this consortium for decolorization of molasses containing wastewater to solve this environmental problem.</p><p> </p>

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Properties of Cooked African Locust Beans (Parkia biglobosa) Effluent with and without Its Chaff

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Oluwatoyin F. Olukunle ◽  
Odunayo K. Umar ◽  
Olasunkanmi B. Oriola
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Pathogenic Microorganisms ◽  
Parkia Biglobosa ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Ondo State ◽  
Effluent Waste

Aim: This study aim to determine the antimicrobial properties of the Parkia biglobosa (Jacque Benth.) effluents (waste water from the preparation of Parkia biglobosa). The effluents were tested against some typed and clinical pathogenic microorganisms for their antimicrobial properties using the conventional antibiotics as the control. Study Design: Effluent with and without chaff is to serve as agents used to determine its antimicrobial properties on the clinical and typed isolates. Place and Duration of Study: This study was carried out between November- 2015 and July- 2016 at the Department of Microbiology Laboratory, Federal University of Technology Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria. Methodology: Locust beans bought from “Oja Oba” market, Ikare-Akoko, Ondo state were cooked until the coat was soft and the effluent (waste water from the locust beans) was decanted, cooked again and the effluent with chaffs was also decanted. Both effluents (with and without chaffs) were used against the test and clinical microorganisms using agar well diffusion method. The Minimum inhibitory concentration was carried out using tube dilution method using Mueller Hinton broth. Results: The typed pathogenic microorganisms were subjected to antimicrobial tests using the P. biglobosa effluents at 100mg/mL; the effluents were able to inhibit S. pyogenes (ATCC 29212) S. aureus (ATCC 43300), S. typhi (ATCC 35240) and E. coli (ATCC 35218) while P. aeruginosa (ATCC 27853) and K. pneumonia (ATCC 48891) were resistant to the effluents. E. coli (ATCC 35218) had the lowest susceptibility at 6.33 ± 0.58bmm and S. pyogenes (ATCC 29212) had the highest susceptibility with 13.00 ± 1.73amm zones of inhibition for the locust beans effluent. For the clinical isolate, the effluent (waste water from the boiled locust beans) and effluent containing chaffs were also able to inhibit S. aureus, S. typhi, E. coli and S. pyogenes. For the effluent containing chaffs, S. aureus had the lowest susceptibility at 2.33 ± 0.58a mm while S. pyogenes had the highest susceptibility at 9.33 ± 0.58a mm. P. aeruginosa and K. pneumoniae isolates were resistant to the effluents.  Conclusion: This study has provided useful information on the antimicrobial activities of the effluents against clinical and typed microorganisms used in this study.

Antimicrobial Screening, in Silico Studies and QSAR of Chalcone-based 1,4-disubstituted 1,2,3-triazole Hybrids

Drug Research ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pinki Yadav ◽  
Kashmiri Lal ◽  
Ashwani Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Topoisomerase Ii ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Qsar Model ◽  
Quantitative Structure Activity Relationship ◽  
Binding Modes ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Structure Activity ◽  
In Silico Studies ◽  
Microbial Strains

AbstractThe in vitro antimicrobial properties of some chalcones (1a–1c ) and chalcone tethred 1,4-disubstituted 1,2,3-triazoles (2a–2u) towards different microbial strains viz. Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Aspergillus niger and Candida albicans are reported. Compounds 2g and 2u exhibited better potency than the standard Fluconazole with MIC values of 0.0063 µmol/mL and 0.0068 µmol/mL, respectively. Furthermore, molecular docking was performed to investigate the binding modes of two potent compounds 2q and 2g with E. coli topoisomerase II DNA gyrase B and C. albicans lanosterol 14α-demethylase, respectively. Based on these results, a statistically significant quantitative structure activity relationship (QSAR) model was successfully summarized for antibacterial activity against B. subtilis.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Activity of Cationic Poly(3-hexylthiophene) Nanoparticles Coupled with Dual Fluorescent and Electrochemical Sensing: Theragnostic Prospect

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 1715
Author(s):  
Nada Elgiddawy ◽  
Shiwei Ren ◽  
Wadih Ghattas ◽  
Waleed M. A. El Rouby ◽  
Ahmed O. El-Gendy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Fluorescence Spectroscopy ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Spectroscopic Properties ◽  
Electrochemical Sensing ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Normal Human ◽  
Dual Detection ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi

Designing therapeutic and sensor materials to diagnose and eliminate bacterial infections remains a significant challenge for active theragnostic nanoprobes. In the present work, fluorescent/electroactive poly(3-hexylthiophene) P3HT nanoparticles (NPs) stabilized with quaternary ammonium salts using cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), (CTAB-P3HT NPs) were prepared using a simple mini-emulsion method. The morphology, spectroscopic properties and electronic properties of CTAB-P3HT NPs were characterized by DLS, zeta potential, SEM, TEM, UV-vis spectrophotometry, fluorescence spectroscopy and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). In an aqueous solution, CTAB-P3HT NPs were revealed to be uniformly sized, highly fluorescent and present a highly positively charged NP surface with good electroactivity. Dual detection was demonstrated as the binding of the bacteria to NPs could be observed by fluorescence quenching as well as by the changes in EIS. Binding of E. coli to CTAB-P3HT NPs was demonstrated and LODs of 5 CFU/mL and 250 CFU/mL were obtained by relying on the fluorescence spectroscopy and EIS, respectively. The antimicrobial activity of CTAB-P3HT NPs on bacteria and fungi was also studied under dark and nutritive conditions. An MIC and an MBC of 2.5 µg/mL were obtained with E. coli and with S. aureus, and of 0.312 µg/mL with C. albicans. Additionally a good biocompatibility toward normal human cells (WI38) was observed, which opens the way to their possible use as a therapeutic agent.

scholarly journals Evaluation of bacterial proliferation with a microfluidic-based device: Antibiochip

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentina Gallo ◽  
Alessia Ruiba ◽  
Massimo Zanin ◽  
Paolo Begnamino ◽  
Sabina Ledda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Medicine ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Inhibition Of Proliferation ◽  
Standard Methods ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Bacterial Proliferation ◽  
Microbial Cultures ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Microbial Strains ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractThe measurement of the proliferation (and the relevant inhibition of proliferation) of microbes is used in different settings, from industry to laboratory medicine. Thus, in this study, the capacity of the Antibiochip (ELTEK spa), a microfluidic-based device, to measure the amount of E. coli in certain culture conditions, was evaluated. An Antibiochip is composed of V-shaped microchannels, and the amount of microparticles (such as microbes) is measured by the surface of the pellet after centrifugation. In the present study, different geometries, volumes and times were analyzed. When the best conditions were identified, serial dilutions of microbial cultures were tested to validate the linearity of the results. Then, with the use of wild E. coli strains isolated from medical samples, the relationship between bacterial susceptibility to antibiotics (gentamicin, amikacin and ceftriaxone) measured by standard methods and that measured by the Antibiochip was evaluated. In this report, the good quality performances of the methods, their linearity and the capacity to identify susceptible microbial strains after 60 minutes of incubation are shown. These results represent a novel approach for ultrarapid antibiograms in clinics.

scholarly journals Synthesis, Molecular Docking and Antimicrobial Evaluation of Some Benzothiazoles

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Smita J. Pawar ◽  
Amol Kale ◽  
Priya Zori ◽  
Rahul Dorugade
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antimicrobial Property ◽  
Docking Study ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Good Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Comparable Activity ◽  
Antimicrobial Evaluation ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi

Abstract Abstract The new series of 2-(substituted amino)-N-(6- substituted-1,3-benzothiazol-2yl) acetamide BTC(a-t) has been synthesized by appropriate synthetic route from substituted 2-amino benzothiazole. The synthesized compounds were screened experimentally for its antimicrobial property against gram positive, gram negative bacteria and fungi. Zone of inhibition and minimum inhibitory concentration of compounds was determined against selected bacterial and fungal strains. Compound BTC-j N-(6-methoxy-1,3-benzothiazol-2-yl)-2-(pyridine-3-yl amino) acetamide and compound BTC-r N-(6-nitro-1,3-benzothiazol-2-yl)-2-(pyridine-3-yl amino) acetamide found to have good antimicrobial potential. The compound BTC-j has shown good antibacterial activity against S. aureus at MIC of 12.5 µg/ml, B. subtilis at MIC of 6.25µg/ml, E. coli at MIC of 3.125µg/ml and P. aeruginosa at MIC of 6.25µg/ml. No statistical difference in antimicrobial activity of standard and test compounds was found indicating test compounds have comparable activity. Further docking study was carried out to check the probable interactions with the selected protein using V-life MDS 3.5 software. (DNA gyrase, PDB: 3G75). The dock score of compounds and antimicrobial activity found to be consistent.

scholarly journals The research of disinfective properties of kontravir for disinfection of veterinary objects

2019 ◽  
pp. 29-34
Author(s):  
O. Shkromada ◽  
Yu. Dudchenko ◽  
T. Necherya ◽  
I. Abubakari Kavla
Keyword(s):  
Water Flow Rate ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Metal Structures ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Metal Plates ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Corrosive Effect ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi ◽  
Micro Organisms ◽  
Emergence Of Resistance

In this field, complex disinfectants were contrasted using effective concentrations against bacteria and spore-forming microorganisms. A significant problem for the owners is the emergence of resistance of strains of microorganisms in the existing production and the same disinfectants. Investigation of trusted working concentrations of disinfectants that do not have a corrosive effect on metal structures. According to the results of research and production, contrast is an effective disinfectant for reducing E. coli and S aureus at 0,3 – 0,5% concentration at exposure for 30 min. and consumption of 100 - 400 cm3 / m2. Laboratory researches were carried out in laboratories of microbiological faculties of veterinary medicine of Sumy National Agrarian University. Disappearance gaps and disinfection on the market in Kyiv. Samples were drawn in the refrigerators from the walls, ceilings and floors. Refrigerated chambers made of stainless steel are made up of rubber and plastic elements. Metals are very vulnerable to corrosion with more concentrated acids and alkali. This was taken into account when choosing a disinfectant and its effective organizations. As a disinfectant used the drug contrast (manufacturer PE "Kronos Agro", Ukraine). The disinfectant was taken at a dose of 100 ml per 1 m2. To produce the culture was prepared basic products containing 1000 mg of the drug in 1 ml of distilled water. The experimental solutions were prepared for study with the main formulations developed. Representatives had extraordinary effects. The  disks were leaked through the disinfectant to obtain a zone of retention of high bacteria and fungi. The reliability of disinfectant destroying the micro-organisms of E. coli and S. aureus test cultures was also known. For the trusted production preparations, the contrast at the trusted enterprises was carried out by the rehabilitation of the premises of the educational laboratory of the Sumy National Agrarian University (premises for animals, dairies, refrigeration chambers). Renovation and test activities were performed at 0,1, 0,25 and 0,5 % of exposed contrast with exposure for 60, 30 and 10 min. the disinfectant was consumed 250 cm3 / m2. Upon completion of the studies, the investigated tests were investigated with distilled water (flow rate - 1000 cm3 / m2). Water that has been washed away test products, presented in specially prepared capabilities. Test results for this after disinfection were also investigated with distilled water, which was found on the disinfectant. To study the corrosion activity of the disinfectant used metal plates 1h1sm2. The metal samples were welded to the fifth mark after the commission before and after the study. 0,5; 1,0; 1,5; 2,5 % contrast solutions were used in the study. For comparison, in the experiments used 2% of productive. M. bovis mycobacterial cultures were grown on Pavlovsky's glycerol medium. The bacterial culture was transferred into sterile vials and sterile isotonic material containing 0,05 cm3 / mg was added. A large amount of delay zone in Petri dishes containing 0,5 % of S. aureus disinfectant, 3,5 times S. cholerase 1,8 S. Enteritidis 2 more than 0,5% formal form . Higher indicators of bacterial properties of the disinfectant contrast at a concentration of 0,5%.

Polyaniline/ZnO nanocomposites for the removal of methyl orange dye from waste water

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (19) ◽  
pp. 1840085 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neha V. Nerkar ◽  
Subhash B. Kondawar ◽  
Snehal Kargirwar Brahme ◽  
Yun Hae Kim
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Methyl Orange ◽  
Adsorption Mechanism ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Pure Pani ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Order Model ◽  
Vis Spectroscopy ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Second Order Model

In this paper, we report the safe removal of methyl orange (MO) dye from aqueous solution using chemical interaction of dye molecule with polyaniline/zinc oxide (PANI/ZnO) nanocomposite. PANI/ZnO nanocomposite has been prepared by in situ polymerization. PANI/ZnO nanocomposite was found to be the best promising candidate for adsorption of dyes due to more porosities compared to that of pure PANI. In the present investigation, PANI/ZnO nanocomposite was mixed in a solution of MO dye and used for adsorption process. Color removal was studied using UV-Vis spectroscopy and the spectra were recorded for specific time interval and validation of kinetic model has been applied. Absorbance of PANI/ZnO nanocomposite was found to be increased as compared to that of pure ZnO nanoparticles and pure PANI due to synergistic effect. Comparatively, the removal of dye was also found to be more by using PANI/ZnO nanocomposites. In order to evaluate kinetic mechanism the pseudo-first-order model, pseudo-second-order model and intraparticle diffusion models were verified by the linear equation analysis. Adsorption mechanism of pseudo-second-order model was systematically explained for removal of dye using PANI/ZnO nanocomposite. The results clearly demonstrated that the adsorption mechanism gives very novel and green method of removal of hazardous dyes from waste water.

scholarly journals Culture of Urine Specimens by Use of chromID CPS Elite Medium Can Expedite Escherichia coli Identification and Reduce Hands-On Time in the Clinical Laboratory

2016 ◽  
Vol 54 (11) ◽  
pp. 2767-2773 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melanie L. Yarbrough ◽  
Meghan A. Wallace ◽  
Cynthia Marshall ◽  
Erin Mathias ◽  
Carey-Ann D. Burnham
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Clinical Microbiology Laboratory ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Content Type ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Hands On ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
Urine Specimens

Urine is one of the most common specimen types submitted to the clinical microbiology laboratory; the use of chromogenic agar is one method by which the laboratory might expedite culture results and reduce hands-on time and materials required for urine culture analysis. The objective of our study was to compare chromID CPS Elite (bioMérieux), a chromogenic medium, to conventional primary culture medium for evaluation of urine specimens. Remnant urine specimens (n= 200) were inoculated into conventional media and into chromID CPS Elite agar (chromID). The time to identification and consumables used were documented for both methods. Clinically significant pathogen(s) were recovered from 51 cultures using conventional media, withEscherichia colibeing the most frequently recovered organism (n= 22). The rate of exact uropathogen agreement between conventional and chromogenic media was 82%, while overall categorical agreement was 83.5% The time interval between plating and final organism identification was decreased with chromID agar versus conventional media forE. coli(mean of 24.4 h versus 27.1 h,P< 0.001). Using chromID, clinically significant cultures required less hands-on time per culture (mean of 1 min and 2 s [1:02 min]) compared to conventional media (mean of 1:31 min). In addition, fewer consumables (2.4 versus 3.3 sticks and swabs) and rapid biochemical tests (1.0 versus 1.9) were necessary using chromID versus conventional media. Notably, antimicrobial susceptibility testing demonstrated good overall agreement (97.4%) between the chromID and conventional media for all antibiotics tested. chromID CPS Elite is accurate for uropathogen identification, reduces consumable usage, and may expedite the identification ofE. coliin clinical specimens.

scholarly journals Biosurfactants Induce Antimicrobial Peptide Production through the Activation of TmSpatzles in Tenebrio molitor

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (17) ◽  
pp. 6090
Author(s):  
Tariku Tesfaye Edosa ◽  
Yong Hun Jo ◽  
Maryam Keshavarz ◽  
In Seon Kim ◽  
Yeon Soo Han
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Peptide ◽  
Immune Activation ◽  
Tenebrio Molitor ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Iturin A ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Fat Bodies ◽  
Escherichia Coli Bacteria ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi

Biosurfactant immunomodulatory activities in mammals, nematodes, and plants have been investigated. However, the immune activation property of biosurfactants in insects has not been reported. Therefore, here, we studied the defense response triggered by lipopeptides (fengycin and iturin A), glycolipids (rhamnolipid), and cyclic polypeptides (bacitracin) in the coleopteran insect, mealworm Tenebrio molitor. The in vitro antimicrobial activities against Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram-negative (Escherichia coli) bacteria and fungi (Candida albicans) were assessed by mixing these pathogens with the hemolymph of biosurfactant-immune-activated larvae. E. coli growth was remarkably inhibited by this hemolymph. The antimicrobial peptide (AMP) induction results also revealed that all biosurfactants tested induced several AMPs, exclusively in hemocytes. The survivability analysis of T. molitor larvae challenged by E. coli (106 CFU/µL) at 24 h post biosurfactant-immune activation showed that fengycin, iturin A, and rhamnopid significantly increased survivability against E. coli. Biosurfactant-induced TmSpatzles activation was also monitored, and the results showed that TmSpz3 and TmSpz-like were upregulated in the hemocytes of iturin A-injected larvae, while TmSpz4 and TmSpz6 were upregulated in the fat bodies of the fengycin-, iturin A-, and rhamnolipid-injected larvae. Overall, these results suggest that lipopeptide and glycolipid biosurfactants induce the expression of AMPs in T. molitor via the activation of spätzle genes, thereby increasing the survivability of T. molitor against E. coli.

Anaerobic Waste Water Treatment in a Carrier Assisted Sludge Bed Reactor

1983 ◽  
Vol 15 (8-9) ◽  
pp. 233-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
L Martensson ◽  
B Frostell
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Sugar Industry ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Organic Load ◽  
Industry Waste ◽  
Solids Concentration ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Mechanical Mixer

A 40 1 tank reactor, filled to 3 % (v·v−1) with a small size (5-25µm) carrier material and equipped with a mechanical mixer, was used to create a sludge bed system for anaerobic waste water treatment. Solids leaving the tank with the effluent were recycled to the tank from an external settler. Two different substrates were used, fodder molasses diluted with tap water and beet sugar factory waste water. Influent concentrations were 9.3 g COD·1−1 and 4-7 g COD·1−1 respectively, and treatment was performed at 35-37 °C. With the synthetic molasses waste water, an organic load of 5-6 kg COD·m−3·d−1 could be tolerated, with the sugar industry waste water 25 kg COD·m−3·d−1. The difference in loading capacity was ascribed to different types of sludges formed, the molasses waste water resulting in a much more bulky sludge and a lower attainable volatile suspended solids concentration. It was concluded that much care must be exercised before designing sludge bed systems for high loads with unhydrolyzed waste waters.

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