scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF ROTOR ROTATION SPEED ON DECREASED LABORATORY LIQUID WASTE POLLUTING PARAMETERS

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 40
Author(s):  
Muhammad Al Kholif ◽  
Joko Sutrinno ◽  
Indah Nurhayati ◽  
Retno Setianingrum
Keyword(s):  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Flow Reactor ◽  
Rotation Speed ◽  
Liquid Waste ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Sampling Time ◽  
Rotor Rotation ◽  
Suspended Growth ◽  
Laboratory Waste ◽  
Growth Technology

<span id="docs-internal-guid-ee22e381-7fff-07aa-8160-5bce2ec61810"><span>aboratory wastewater is produced through laboratory activities. Laboratory wastewater can have a large impact on the environment if it is not processed before being discharged into the water body. Laboratory waste treatment can be carried out using suspended growth technology to reduce pollutant loads, especially Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD</span><span><span>5</span></span><span>) and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD). </span><span>Aims:</span><span> This study aims to treat wastewater produced by the activity of laboratory using suspended growth technology. </span><span>Methodology and Results:</span><span> This research was conducted by finding the most efficient rotor rotation in degrading the load of BOD5 and COD pollutants. The reactor used is a Mixed Flow Reactor type reactor made of acrylic material with a thickness of 5.5 mm. The reactor is arranged into three series with the same sampling time and different rotor turns that expressed in rotors per minute (rpm). The reactor series consists of Reactor I with 50 rpm rotor rotation speed, 100 rpm Reactor II and 150 rpm Reactor III. Processing is carried out using 8 hours of detention time and variation of sampling time every 8 hours. </span><span>Conclusion, significant and impact study:</span><span> From the results of the study obtained the highest level of effectiveness of reducing pollutant load on processing using 150 rpm rotor rotation and 40 hours sampling time which is 94.6% for BOD</span><span><span>5 </span></span><span>parameters and 94.4% for COD parameters.</span></span>

scholarly journals Treatment of high-strength liquid wastes by auto-thermal aerobic digestion

2019 ◽  
pp. 339-348
Author(s):  
Peter F. Randerson ◽  
Timothy P. Higgins ◽  
Brian N. Dancer
Keyword(s):  
Food Processing ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Liquid Waste ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Chemical Plants ◽  
Aerobic Digestion ◽  
Wood Processing ◽  
Wide Range

Auto-thermal aerobic digesters comprise a simple, robust, inexpensive technologyappropriate for on-site liquid waste treatment by small- and medium-sized enterprises.They have been shown to be effective at treating a wide range of effluents and liquorsarising from food processing and chemical plants, especially those with high levels ofbiological oxygen demand (BOD), or for small-scale sewage treatment.Liquid circulates around the reactor vessel by pumping through a venturi nozzle, whichdraws air into the flow. As the microbial community develops, the system self-heats andorganic matter is removed as CO2, NH3 and water. The temperature of the insulatedvessel may rise to 55e°C or more as the thermophilic community becomes established.BOD levels typically reduce by 90% over a 3-5 day residence time. Auto-thermal aerobicdigestion (ATAD) acts faster than mesophilic or anerobic degradation and is veryresistant to organic toxins (pentachlorophenol) or metal pollutants (Cu2+, Zn2+, Ni2J inthe waste.Examples are shown of wastes and liquors successfully treated by pilot-scale ATADsystems up to I 000 litres in size. These include effluents from food processing (icecream, chocolate, egg pasteurisation, brewing), chemical plants (wood processing,phenolic liquor) and silage pit effluent.Auto-thermal aerobic digestion offers a versatile, cost-effective solution for liquid wastetreatment in a climate of increasing demands from Regulatory Authorities and increasingcosts of conventional off-site waste disposal such as sewerage or landfill charges.

scholarly journals Utilization of Activated Corn Cob (Zea Mays) as an Improved Adsorbent for Reducing Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) Value from Waste of the Sasirangan Industry

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 36
Author(s):  
Erfan Roebiakto ◽  
Noor Hikmah Damayanti ◽  
Neni Oktiyani ◽  
Nurlailah Nurlailah
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Activated Charcoal ◽  
Industrial Waste ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Liquid Waste ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Corn Cob ◽  
Corn Cobs ◽  
Research Material

Liquid waste from sasirangan industrial activities has a high enough Chemical Oxygen Demand pollutant power; if it is directly discharged into water bodies, it can damage the environment and harm health. One of the first processes needs to be done by using activated corn cobs (Zea mays). This study aims to analyze the ability of corn cobs charcoal to reduce levels of Chemical Oxygen Demand and increase the pH of sasirangan waste so that the results of this study can be an alternative to natural-based sasirangan waste treatment. This type of research is a pure experiment with a research design in One Group Pretest Postest Design. The research material used was sasirangan industrial waste in Manarap Village, Kertak Hanyar District, Banjar Regency, South Kalimantan, Indonesia. Chemical Oxygen Demand levels were determined by the closed reflux titrimetry method. The results showed that the addition of the highest dose of activated corncob charcoal (50 g) reduced the largest turbidity by 35 percent, increased the pH by 72 percent, and reduced the color intensity by 33 percent. The conclusion is that the addition of corncob-activated charcoal at a dose of 30gr, 40gr, 50gr can reduce levels of Chemical Oxygen Demand, respectively, namely 24 percent, 35 percent, and 33 percent. An increase in pH was found at the same dose of 46 percent, 62 percent, and 72 percent, respectively. There is an effect of increasing the mass of activated charcoal from corn cobs on the Chemical Oxygen Demand levels in the sasirangan industrial waste with a significance value of 0.007. It is suggested to use corn cobs-activated charcoal for the pretreatment stage of sasirangan industrial waste treatment.

scholarly journals PENGARUH TUMBUHAN KABOMBA (Cabomba aquatica Aubl.) TERHADAP KADAR TSS, DO dan COD LIMBAH CAIR LABORATORIUM KIMIA FMIPA UNTAN

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanafi Afriza ◽  
Mukarlina Mukarlina ◽  
Diah Wulandari Rousdy
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Waste ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Total Suspended Solid ◽  
Hazardous Materials ◽  
Suspended Solid ◽  
Chemistry Laboratory ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Laboratory Waste

Laboratory is one of the producers of waste water with a high content of hazardous materials before being discharged into water bodies. One effort to process laboratory waste with phytoremediation is to use Kabomba plants (Cabomba aquatica Aubl). This study aims to determine the ability of Kabomba (Cabomba aquatica Aubl.) To see the influence of plants on the levels of Total Suspended Solid (TSS), Dissolved Oksigen (DO) and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) from the Untreated Chemistry Laboratory Liquid Waste of FMIPA. This study used a Completely Randomized Design consisting of five treatments of waste concentration: control, 25, 50, 75, 100%. Based on the results of the study, Cabomba plants (Cabomba aquatica, Aubl.) able to reduce TSS values by 37.67% and increase DO values by a percentage of 77.5% on day 5 of treatment but not yet able to reduce COD values and increase pH values.

scholarly journals Mengolah COD Pada Limbah Laboratorium

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 22-31
Author(s):  
Yenita Sandra Sari
Keyword(s):  
Advanced Oxidation Processes ◽  
Liquid Waste ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Optimum Dose ◽  
Fenton Reagent ◽  
Industrial Activities ◽  
Oxidation Processes ◽  
Laboratory Waste ◽  
Very High ◽  
High Diversity

Laboratory liquid waste is water produced from the rest of the testing activities in a laboratory that is categorized as dangerous. This waste has a distinctive characteristic that is different from the waste originating from industrial activities because it usually has a very high diversity of types of waste even though the amount of material disposed of is relatively small. Advance Oxidation Processes (AOPs) or advanced oxidation processes are an alternative method that is suitable to be used to treat laboratory waste. This study aims to obtain the optimum dose in decreasing the concentration of Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) with the AOPs method using Fenton reagent (H2O2 and FeSO4). The study used variations in COD concentrations of 10,090.09 mg/L, 5,009.01 mg/L and 511.71 mg/L. The results showed that the optimum dose of Fenton reagent was 1: 300 with the efficiency of decreasing COD levels for COD concentrations of 10,090.09 mg/L by 21.43%, for COD concentrations of 5,009.01 mg/L of 46.76% and for COD concentrations of 511 , 71 mg/L of 83.10%.

Management of Dairy Waste in the Sonoran Desert Using Constructed Wetland Technology

1999 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 57-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin M. Karpiscak ◽  
Robert J. Freitas ◽  
Charles P. Gerba ◽  
Luis R. Sanchez ◽  
Eylon Shamir
Keyword(s):  
Sonoran Desert ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Dairy Wastewater ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Treatment Facility ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Scirpus Validus ◽  
Surface Wetland

An integrated wastewater treatment facility, consisting of upper (solids separators, anaerobic lagoons, and aerobic ponds) and lower (wetland cells) subsystems, has been built to replace the lagoon at a dairy in Arizona, USA. The collection sump of the new waste treatment facility collects all dairy wastewater outflow. Wastewater is then pumped to solids separators, and flows by gravity to anaerobic ponds and aerobic ponds. The upper subsystem is expected to treat the water sufficiently so that the wetland cells may achieve further pollutant reductions. The lower subsystem, comprised of 8 surface wetland cells with an approximate surface area of 5,000 m2, receives outflow from the ponds. The cells are planted with cattail (Typha domingensis), soft-stem bulrush (Scirpus validus), and reed (Phragmites australis). After treatment is completed via the lagoons and ponds followed by the wetland cells, the wastewater can be reused to flush barns or to irrigate crops. Performance of the overall system is evaluated by measuring physical, chemical and biological parameters in water samples taken from selected locations along the treatment system. Chemical parameters studied include biochemical oxygen demand, pH, total suspended solids, nitrogen species. Biological monitoring included coliforms (total and fecal) and Listeria monocytogenes.

Attached versus Suspended Growth Anaerobic Reactors: Response to Toxic Substances

1983 ◽  
Vol 15 (8-9) ◽  
pp. 261-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
G F Parkin ◽  
R E Speece
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Toxicity ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Plug Flow ◽  
Toxic Substances ◽  
Attached Growth ◽  
Industrial Wastewaters ◽  
Anaerobic Reactors ◽  
Suspended Growth ◽  
Solids Retention ◽  
Growth System

Anaerobic methane fermentation has significant potential for treatment of industrial wastewaters. Application of the process has been limited, due in part to the belief that the process cannot tolerate chronic and transient toxicity inherent in many industrial wastewaters. Experiments with cyanide, chloroform, formaldehyde, ammonium, nickel and sulfide have shown that the methanogens have the ability to recover from and acclimate to relatively high concentrations of toxicants. The key is proper attention to solids retention time. Of the two general reactor types used in biological waste treatment, attached growth systems offer two major potential advantages over suspended growth systems for treating wastewaters containing toxicants: (1) higher inherent solids retention times at relatively low hydraulic retention times and (2) the potential for a quasi plug-flow hydraulic regime that allows rapid elution of toxicants. For transient toxicity, the ability of a plug-flow, attached growth system to rapidly elute toxicants resulted in dramatically reduced down times when compared to a complete-mix, suspended growth system. For chronic toxicity, the solids retention capability of attached growth systems allows for acclimation to occur prior to washout of active biomass. Effluent recycle to plug-flow, attached growth systems should allow for more gradual exposure to chronic toxicity, thus maximizing acclimation potential.

scholarly journals Studi Kemampuan Adsorpsi Ion Logam Cr6+ oleh Tanah Vulkanik “Studi Kasus Wilayah Industri Penyamakan Kulit, Garut”

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-130
Author(s):  
Nyoman Sumawijaya ◽  
Asep Mulyono ◽  
Anna Fadliah Rusydi
Keyword(s):  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Liquid Waste ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Organic Content ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Soil Media ◽  
Pass Through ◽  
Soil Organic Content ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACTThe leather tanning industry in Sukaregang, Garut Regency, produces liquid waste containing Chromium and is discharged directly into the Ciwalen River without a waste treatment process. The content of Cr6+ as metal ions in the waste can also contaminating groundwater. The movement of Cr6+ will pass through the soil media before entering to the groundwater wells. The capability of the soil to adsorb the contaminant will reduce the impact on groundwater. The purpose of this study was to determine the ability of the soil in adsorbing and inhibiting the movement of Cr6+ into groundwater. The study was carried out at Sukaregang, Garut Regency and conducting adsorption experiments with a batch system. The analysis was carried out using the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm model. The experimental results showed that Cr6+ adsorbed ranged from 38% to 57% of the initial concentration. The results from Langmuir Isotherm were: the distribution coefficient (Kads) was 0.45 L/mg and the maximum adsorption capacity (qm) was 2.44 mg/100g sorbent with R2 = 0.959 and Freundlich Isotherm was: qm was 2,86 mg/100g sorbent and Kads was 0,35 L/mg with R2 = 0,860. This large adsorption capacity is caused by soil texture and soil organic content. The soil in Sukaregang tanning industries has a high adsorption capacity towards Cr6+ contaminants.Keywords: adsorption, chromium, Cr6+, contaminant, volcanic soil, GarutABSTRAKIndustri penyamakan kulit di wilayah Sukaregang, Kabupaten Garut, menghasilkan limbah cair yang mengandung Kromium dan dibuang ke Sungai Ciwalen tanpa proses pengolahan limbah. Kandungan ion logam Cr6+ pada limbah dapat mencemari air tanah. Pergerakan ion logam Cr6+ akan melalui media tanah sebelum memasuki sumur-sumur penduduk. Beberapa jenis tanah mempunyai kemampuan untuk mengadsorpsi ion pencemar sehingga tidak semua limbah yang meresap ke dalam tanah mencemari air tanah. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui peranan tanah dalam menghambat pergerakan ion logam Cr6+ ke dalam air tanah. Penelitian dilaksanakan dengan pengambilan sampel tanah di daerah Sukaregang, Garut, dan melakukan percobaan adsorpsi dengan sistem batch. Sementara analisis dilakukan dengan menggunakan model isotherm Langmuir dan Freundlich. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan konsentrasi Cr6+ yang teradsorpsi berkisar 38 – 57 % dari konsentrasi awal. Kads sebesar 0,45 L/mg dan qm sebesar 2,44 mg/100g tanah dengan nilai R2 = 0,959 menggunakan isoterm Langmuir dan isoterm Freundlich memberikan nilai qm sebesar 2,86 mg/100 g sorbent dan Kads sebesar 0,35 L/mg dengan R2 = 0,860. Tingginya daya adsorpsi ini disebabkan oleh tekstur tanah dan kandungan bahan organik. Tanah di wilayah penelitian memiliki daya adsorpsi yang besar terhadap kontaminan Cr6+.Kata kunci: adsorpsi, kromium, Cr6+, kontaminan, tanah vulkanik, Garut

scholarly journals Characterization of odours emitted by liquid waste treatment plants (LWTPs)

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 721-727 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Liquid Waste ◽  
Management Tool ◽  
Complex Nature ◽  
Atmospheric Conditions ◽  
Exposed Population ◽  
Waste Treatment Plants ◽  
Odour Emissions ◽  
Definition Of

<p>Odour emissions from liquid waste treatment plants (LWTPs) generally cause significant effects on the environment in terms of nuisance to exposed population. The particular and complex nature of the mixture of the volatile substances, its variability in time and the strong influence of the atmospheric conditions, are the elements that delayed their regulation and relative management.</p> <p>Limited data are available in the technical and scientific literature, regarding the odour emissions characterization from liquid waste treatment plants. Moreover there isn’t a common strategy from the different European Countries in the regulation of their emissions.</p> <p>Different methods can be used to measure odour emissions from environmental engineering plants, and currently, in Europe, the most used techniques for odour emissions characterization and quantification is the dynamic olfactometry, according to EN 13725:2003.</p> <p>The aim of this study is the characterization of the odour emissions from different liquid waste treatment plants (LWTPs), trough a case study of two large real LWTPs, in order to identify the principal odour sources and to define their related odour emissions.</p> <p>Odour Concentration Index (OCI) is proposed as a useful and simply odour management tool for the identification of the priority actions necessary to identify and control the main odorous sources. Relationship between the measured odour emissions and the types of treated liquid waste (identified in terms of EWC code, COD and NH4<sup>+</sup>) is also discussed.</p> <p>Results show that the influent collection tank is the source with the highest detected odour emissions. OCI results are useful for the definition of a clear priority action for odour control, similar for both investigated plants. Between the characterized types of liquid waste treated by LWTPs the leachate (EWC 190703) show the maximum odour emissions.</p>

scholarly journals Land use and its impacts on the water quality of the Cachoeirinha Invernada Watershed, Guarulhos (SP)

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dhisney Gonçalves de Oliveira ◽  
Reinaldo Romero Vargas ◽  
Antonio Roberto Saad ◽  
Regina De Oliveira Moraes Arruda ◽  
Fabrício Bau Dalmas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Trophic State Index ◽  
Microbiological Analysis ◽  
Urban Centers ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Quality Of Water

The urbanization process through which large urban centers have been passing has drastically affected the availability and especially the quality of water. The Cachoeirinha Invernada Watershed (CIW), located in the municipality of Guarulhos (State of São Paulo, Brazil), includes areas with different land use classes. This paper aims to correlate the spatial and temporal effects of land use and land cover on the water quality of the Cachoeirinha Invernada Watershed. In a period of 12 months and at six sampling points along the watershed, the physicochemical parameters temperature (T), pH, turbidity (TU), total solids (TS), electrical conductivity (EC), total phosphorus (TP), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), as well as microbiological analysis (E. coli) were measured. Water quality was assessed using a modified version (WQIM) of the Water Quality Index (WQI) and the Trophic State Index (TSI). The areas surrounded by urban development presented a marked worsening in water quality, with the downstream point most affected and ranked as ‘POOR’. From the evaluated parameters, what contributed most to water quality degradation of the Cachoeirinha Invernada Watershed (CIW) was E. coli, followed by BOD, and TP, all parameters related to the presence of sewage in the water. The need for the construction of sewerage and waste treatment, protection and recovery of riparian forests, and environmental education regarding waste disposal are necessary to significantly improve the environmental quality of the Cachoeirinha Invernada Watershed.

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