scholarly journals Features of the historical memory of students of Russian megacities

2021 ◽  
pp. 170-177
Author(s):  
I. A. Yurasov ◽  
M. A. Tanina ◽  
V. A. Yudina
Keyword(s):  
Historical Memory ◽  
War Of 1812 ◽  
The Political ◽  
Russian History ◽  
Sociological Analysis ◽  
Historical Figures ◽  
Liberal Ideology ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
Sociological Studies ◽  
Linguistic Models

In the course of sociological analysis, linguistic models of students’ historical memory, events and historical figures were identified, that represent, in the opinion of young people, the “political evil” and the “political good” in Russian history. The students identified serfdom, “Stalinist repressions”, the famine of the 1920s and 1940s and the wars in Afghanistan and Chechnya as “political evil”. The “political good” – the victories in the Patriotic War of 1812, the Great Patriotic War, the flight to space, the 1980 and 2014 Olympics. The author’s sociological studies of the largest Russian megalopolises have revealed the complexity and inconsistency of the historical memory of student youth. The study established the adherence of student youth to liberal ideology, a shallow awareness of the life of their family, their kin in earlier periods of Russian history, from pre-revolutionary times to the lives of their relatives in the 20-40s of the XX century, the association of “political good” with the achievements of our country and the association of “political evil” with defeats and reforms. 

IMPACT OF ECONOMIC AND POLITICAL SITUATION IN THE REGION ON THE LEVEL OF SOCIAL TENSION

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 196-209
Author(s):  
A.A. ALEKSEYENOK ◽  
◽  
Yu.V. KAIRA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Development ◽  
The Political ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Sociological Analysis ◽  
Political Situation ◽  
Social Tension ◽  
The Social ◽  
State Of Affairs ◽  
Sociological Studies ◽  
Correlation Tables

The purpose of the article is to determine the influence of the socio-economic and socio-political situation in the Orel region on the level of social tension. The research methodology is a sociological analysis of the respondents' answers about the socio-economic and socio-political situation in the region, as well as the level of social tension using two-dimensional analysis and correlation tables. As a result, the importance of conducting monitoring sociological studies of the main indicators of the social development of the region has been substantiated. It was revealed that the population of the region believes that the state of affairs in the economic sphere in the region is much worse than in the country as a whole. Despite the fact that the majority of respondents note an improvement in the political situation in the region, the fact that every third resident of the region declares that it has deteriorated is quite alarming. The authors come to the conclusion that dissatisfaction with the socio-political and socio-economic situation directly affects the civic position of the population, affects the growth of social tension. It is summarized that social tension is a complex multifactorial phenomenon that cannot be interpreted unambiguously. Therefore, to monitor it, constant research should be carried out.

scholarly journals THE GREAT PATRIOTIC WAR: COMMEMORATIVE PRACTICES AND IMAGES IN NEWSPAPER PERIODICALS (1946–1965)

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 36-45
Author(s):  
Marina A. Klinova ◽  
◽  
Andrey V. Trofimov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Historical Memory ◽  
Soviet Society ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Situation ◽  
Local Newspapers ◽  
The Press ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Post War

The contours of the image of the Great Patriotic War and the Victory formed in the post-war 20th century laid the content of the “matrix” of Russian historical memory. The strengthening trend of national and state-oriented policy of historical memory actualizes addressing the genesis of this image and commemorative (traditions, rituals, symbols). In the USSR, the tool for creating and promoting technologies of commemorative practices, preserving and transmitting the memory of the Great Patriotic War to society was newspapers highly demanded by the Soviet population. The article analyzes the materials published in 1946–1965 in central, regional, and local newspapers (“Pravda”, “Ural’skii rabochii”, “Sovetskaya Sibir′” and “Magnitogorskii Metall”). The use of content and discourse analysis methods made it possible to identify the dynamics in the presentation of the Victory image on the pages of the press: from a chaotic festive extravaganza to a “cultural” recreation of citizens and ritualized practices (laying wreaths, holding concerts, exhibitions). The paper also captures the changes caused by a change in the political situation, a decrease in the intensity of the company, aimed at the labor mobilization of the Soviet society. The 1946–1965 newspapers of various levels reveal the specifics in the coverage of the Victory theme: the central newspapers published more theoretical materials on this topic, while the regional and factory newspapers more often covered practices dedicated to this date (labor, holiday).

scholarly journals Heroic memoratives in the Russian toponymicon

Neophilology ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 596-604
Author(s):  
Sergey A. Popov
Keyword(s):  
Hot Spots ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Historical Memory ◽  
Initial Period ◽  
The State ◽  
War Of 1812 ◽  
Russian Civil War ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
Effective Role

We consider the place of heroic memoratives in the toponymic space of Russian Federation (at the level of oikonymy, urbanonymy, oronymy). The purpose of research is to show the effective role of commemorative practices, which are part of the state toponymic policy and aimed at preserving the historical memory of the heroic past of our country for posterity, using the example of Russian toponymy. We conclude that the state ideology is one of the main reasons for the ap-pearance of toponyms-memoratives, gives the main categories of heroic personalities after whom geographical objects were named (heroes of military battles of the initial period of Russia before the 18th century, Patriotic War of 1812, October Revolution of 1917 and Russian Civil War, Great Patriotic War of 1941–1945, fighting in “hot spots” in peacetime, heroes of labor). In conclusion, we note that in the names of geographical objects considered, different historical epochs were intertwined, in which our ancestors showed courage and heroism in defending the Fatherland from external and internal enemies, and also performed labor feats for the benefit of their native country.

scholarly journals Historical memory: schoolchildren and students about the history of Russia

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 55-82
Author(s):  
Maria A. Podlesnaya ◽  
Gallina V. Soloviova ◽  
Ilona V. Il`ina
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Historical Memory ◽  
University Education ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Russian History ◽  
Historical Knowledge ◽  
The Past ◽  
Historical Figure ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
History Of

The article raises the problem of preserving national identity in the context of hybridisation / universalisation of the values ​​of the Russian youth. In this regard, the concept of "historical memory" is applied to the data of two studies carried out in schools and five universities (both at the capital and regional level). The purpose of the article is to assess the content and vector of historical knowledge of students about their country, the attitude to this knowledge among young people and adolescents at different educational levels. The process of continuity of school and university education in the national history is considered, the points of breaks are revealed. A general assessment is given on which periods of Russian history retain the connection with the young generations of Russians, and on which ones go into the past, revealing the main narratives of historical memory. The main conclusions are as follows: 1. the continuity and general assessment among schoolchildren and university students is maintained in relation to at least two events in the Russian history - the Great Patriotic War of 1941–45 and the historical figure of Peter I as the first emperor of Russia, who turned the country to the West and made a breakthrough in its modernization; 2. there is a gap in historical memory in relation to events associated with the period of Ancient Rus, a connection with the Soviet past is revealed; schoolchildren even single out the Soviet period as the most interesting and memorable; 3. there are gaps in the continuity of historical knowledge at the level of school and university education, this concerns, for example, such an event as “the annexation of Crimea to Russia in 2014”; 4. among schoolchildren dominates (58%) a group of students who are proud of the country history, whilst there is a group of those who are indifferent to their history or express negative assessments (8%) and have a neutral attitude to the history of Russia (34%), there is a high percentage (76%) of those who believe that there are different events in the history of Russia and it is important to remember the “dark” pages of one´s own history; 5. as a result, we see young people behaving differently depending on the age, who, for some reason, began to doubt their country and are ashamed of its past, but at the same time are ready to participate in the country's transformations.

Essays of a “comparatively progressive” economist (On the 150th birth anniversary of Vladimir Geleznoff)

2019 ◽  
pp. 135-145
Author(s):  
Viktor A. Popov
Keyword(s):  
Economic Theory ◽  
Political Economy ◽  
Economic Thought ◽  
History Of Economic Thought ◽  
The Political ◽  
Russian History ◽  
Working Ability ◽  
Intellectual Inquiry ◽  
History Of

Deep comprehension of the advanced economic theory, the talent of lecturer enforced by the outstanding working ability forwarded Vladimir Geleznoff scarcely at the end of his thirties to prepare the publication of “The essays of the political economy” (1898). The subsequent publishing success (8 editions in Russia, the 1918­-year edition in Germany) sufficiently demonstrates that Geleznoff well succeded in meeting the intellectual inquiry of the cross­road epoch of the Russian history and by that taking the worthful place in the history of economic thought in Russia. Being an acknowledged historian of science V. Geleznoff was the first and up to now one of the few to demonstrate the worldwide community of economists the theoretically saturated view of Russian economic thought in its most fruitful period (end of XIX — first quarter of XX century).

Kajian Sosiologis Terhadap Tema Lakon ‘Domba-domba Revolusi’ Karya Bambang Soelarto

Panggung ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nur Sahid
Keyword(s):  
Sociological Theory ◽  
Essential Element ◽  
Literary Work ◽  
The Political ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Historical Figures ◽  
Sociology Of Art ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

ABSTRACTRevolutionary struggle in order to compete for the independence of Indonesia has been a source of inspiration Indonesian artists, including Bambang Soelarto who wrote drama Domba-domba Re- volusi (DDR). DDR studied drama is quite interesting because it tries to criticize the freedom fight- ers. This study aims to: first to know the theme and the problem plays DDR; second to determine the relationship of the socio - historical struggle in 1948 with the sociological elements of drama DDR themes and issues. This study uses sociological theory of art. The basic principles of the sociology of art is the fact that the creation of works of art influenced by the historical social conditions where the work was created. Research using content analysis of Krippendorf, the methods used to examine the symbolic phenomena with the aim to explore and express the observed phenomenon which is the content, meaning, and an essential element of the literary work. Based results of this research is that Bambang Soelarto as the author tries to capture di?erence between fighters during the struggle for the political aspirations for 1948 are expressed in a work of drama. Historical events inspired the creation of drama DDR. Soelarto want to respond to the political aspirations of the di?erence between historical figures and wanted to provide an assessment and outlook through DDR.Keywords: themes, drama, sociology of art, social historical ABSTRAKRevolusi perjuangan dalam rangka memperebutkan kemerdekaan Indonesia telah men- jadi sumber inspirasi para seniman Indonesia, termasuk Bambang Soelarto yang menulis drama Domba-domba Revolusi (DDR). Drama DDR cukup menarik diteliti karena mencoba mengkritisi para pejuang kemerdekaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: pertama, mengeta- hui tema dan permasalah drama DDR; kedua, mengetahui hubungan kondisi sosio-histo- ris perjuangan pada tahun 1948 dengan unsur-unsur sosiologis terimplisir pada unsur tema dan masalah drama DDR. Penelitian ini menggunakan teori sosiologi seni. Prinsip dasar dari sosiologi seni adalah adanya fakta bahwa penciptaan karya seni dipengaruhi oleh kon- disi sosial historis tempat karya itu diciptakan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode con- tent analysis dari Krippendorf, yakni metode yang dipergunakan untuk meneliti fenome- na-fenomena simbolik dengan tujuan untuk menggali dan mengungkapkan fenomena yang teramati yang merupakan isi, makna, dan unsur esensial karya sastra. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat diketahui bahwa Bambang Soelarto sebagai penulis mencoba un- tuk menangkap perbedaan antara pejuang aspirasi politik selama perjuangan tahun 1948 untuk diekspresikan dalam sebuah karya drama. Peristiwa sejarah mengilhami penciptaan drama DDR. Soelarto ingin menanggapi aspirasi politik perbedaan antara tokoh-tokoh se- jarah dan ingin memberikan penilaian dan pandangan pandangannnya melalui DDR.Kata kunci: tema, drama, sosiologi seni, sosial historis

THE CORE AND PERIPHERY OF THE CURRENT CULTURE OF ARTISTIC CREATION ABOUT THE GREAT PATRIOTIC WAR IN THE STUDENTS’ VIEWS

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 130-149
Author(s):  
Elena N. NARKHOVA ◽  
Dmitry Yu. NARKHOV
Keyword(s):  
Historical Memory ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Student Culture ◽  
The Core ◽  
Musical Works ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
History Of ◽  
Current Student ◽  
Historical Periods

This article analyzes the degree of demand for works of art (films and television films and series, literary and musical works, works of monumental art) associated with the history of the Great Patriotic War among contemporary students. This research is based on the combination of two theories, which study the dynamics and statics of culture in the society — the theory of the nucleus and periphery by Yu. M. Lotman and the theory of actual culture by L. N. Kogan. The four waves of research (2005, 2010, 2015, 2020) by the Russian Society of Socio¬logists (ROS) have revealed a series of works in various genres on this topic in the core structure and on the periphery of the current student culture; this has also allowed tracing the dynamics of demand and the “movement” of these works in the sociocultural space. The authors introduce the concept of the archetype of the echo of war. The high student recognition of works of all historical periods (from wartime to the present day) is shown. A significant complex of works has been identified, forming two contours of the periphery. Attention is drawn to the artistic work of contemporary students as a way to preserve the historical memory of the Great Patriotic War. This article explains the necessity of preserving the layer of national culture in order to reproduce the national identity in the conditions of informational and ideological pluralism of the post-Soviet period. The authors note the differentiation of youth due to the conditions and specifics of socialization in the polysemantic sociocultural space.

History, Politics, and the Constitution: Ethnic Conflict and Constitutional Adjudication in Postcommunist Bulgaria

Slavic Review ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Venelin I. Ganev
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Transitional Justice ◽  
Political Party ◽  
Historical Memory ◽  
Political Order ◽  
Democratic Politics ◽  
Socialist Party ◽  
The Political ◽  
Constitutional Court ◽  
Constitutional Adjudication

Infamously, the 1991 Bulgarian Constitution contains a provision banning political parties “formed on an ethnic basis.” In the early 1990s, the neo-communist Bulgarian Socialist Party invoked this provision when it asked the country's Constitutional Court to declare unconstitutional the political party of the beleaguered Turkish minority. In this article, Venelin I. Ganev analyzes the conflicting arguments presented in the course of the constitutional trial that ensued and shows how the justices’ anxieties about the possible effects of politicized ethnicity were interwoven into broader debates about the scope of the constitutional normative shift that marked the end of the communist era, about the relevance of historical memory to constitutional reasoning, and about the nature of democratic politics in a multiethnic society. Ganev also argues that the constitutional interpretation articulated by the Court has become an essential component of Bulgaria's emerging political order. More broadly, he illuminates the complexity of some of the major issues that frame the study of ethnopolitics in postcommunist eastern Europe: the varied dimensions of the “politics of remembrance“; the ambiguities of transitional justice; the dilemmas inherent in the construction of a rights-centered legality; and the challenges involved in establishing a forward-looking, pluralist system of governance.

The Free Republican Party in the political cartoons of the 1930s

2015 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 93-136
Author(s):  
Gökçen Başaran İnce
Keyword(s):  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Republican Party ◽  
Party System ◽  
Historical Memory ◽  
Political Cartoons ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Messages ◽  
People's Party ◽  
The Social ◽  
Kemal Ataturk

AbstractThe Free Republican Party (FRP; Serbest Cumhuriyet Fırkası), founded and dissolved in 1930, represented the second attempt to transition to a multi-party system in Turkey, following the formation of the Progressive Republican Party (Terakkiperver Cumhuriyet Fırkası) in 1924. In contrast to the oppositional establishment of the latter, the FRP seemed to be a state-originated project whose establishment was decided upon by the elites of the day, led by Mustafa Kemal Atatürk. Its representation in contemporary cartoons is deemed important today given the political cartoon’s ability to simplify complex political messages into understandable symbols and metaphors and to address or reach those who may not be literate. Taking into account the social structure of society during this period, this aspect of the reach of cartoons becomes particularly important. Political cartoons’ ability to both support the text in a newspaper and penetrate historical memory through stereotypes is also significant in terms of the representation of personalities and events. This article will attempt to analyze the formation of the FRP and the depiction of its elites through newspaper cartoons. Three prominent and pro-Republican People’s Party (Cumhuriyet Halk Partisi) newspapers of this period—namely Cumhuriyet, Milliyet, and Vakit—will provide the material for the content and thematic analysis of the study.

HISTORICAL MEMORY OF THE GREAT PATRIOTIC WAR IN THE COMMENTS OF «VKONTAKTE» SOCIAL NETWORKUSERS

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-24
Author(s):  
V.O. BEKLIAMISHEV ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Research Methodology ◽  
Historical Memory ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approach ◽  
Political Risks ◽  
Network Communities ◽  
Military Conflicts ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
Rfbr Grant ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Opinion Polls

The purpose of the article is to identify the degree of presence of the Great Patriotic War theme in the network discourse and to analyze the attitude of users to the main events, personalities and forms of commemoration of this conflict. The research methodology is based on the interdisciplinary approach «Predictor Mining», which involves the analysis of Internet content for the sake of users’ behavior markers identification. The 10 largest news communities «VKontakte» (29 286 352 com-ments), as well as 7 political ones, representing the entire ideological spectrum (2 684 135 com-ments) are considered. The interim conclusions are supported by the representative opinion polls data, but its discussion is characterized by a high degree of involvement and emotional saturation. Commentators' historical perceptions are generally poor and stereotyped. The research is imple-mented at the expense of the RFBR grant «Constructing historical memory of military conflicts in network communities: basic narratives, the types of identity, political risks», project № 19-011-00833 A.

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