scholarly journals Characteristics of roe of autumn chum salmon Oncorhynchus keta from the Amur River

2021 ◽  
Vol 201 (2) ◽  
pp. 516-526
Author(s):  
A. I. Chepkasova ◽  
T. N. Slutskaya ◽  
E. I. Barabanshchikov
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Chum Salmon ◽  
River Mouth ◽  
Oncorhynchus Keta ◽  
Color Intensity ◽  
Amur River ◽  
Biological Value ◽  
The Amur River

Chemical composition and nutritional and biological value of roe are investigated for autumn chum salmon from the Amur River sampled during their run for spawning from the estuary to the area of Khabarovsk city. Color and strength of roe were examined, content of proteins, lipids and minerals was measured, amino acid and fatty acid composition was determined. Caloric capacity and biological value of the samples were usual for this species. Physical properties of the roe (strength, color intensity) practically did not change in dependence on distance from the river mouth. Stable quality of roe in the run of spawning migration in the lower Amur is concluded.

scholarly journals МНОГОЛЕТНЯЯ ИЗМЕНЧИВОСТЬ ХИМИЧЕСКОГО СОСТАВА И КАЧЕСТВА ВОДЫ НА ВСЕМ ПРОТЯЖЕНИИ РЕКИ АМУР

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.A. Kovalenko
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
The State ◽  
Amur River ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Maximum Permissible Concentrations ◽  
Water Ecosystem ◽  
The Amur River ◽  
The Difference

В условиях антропогенного воздействия на окружающую среду и несбалансированного природопользования может происходить снижение самоочищающей способности реки Амур и ухудшение качества воды. Водопользование в бассейне реки осуществляется со стороны трёх государств: России, Монголии и Китая. Основными источниками поступления загрязняющих веществ в Амур с российской стороны являются предприятия деревообрабатывающей промышленности, машиностроение, цветная металлургия, добыча полезных ископаемых, производство электроэнергии. Снижение качества воды происходит также за счет недостаточной степени очистки сточных вод. Трансграничное положение изучаемого водного объекта, разница демографических потенциалов России и Китая и активное техногенное воздействие со стороны сопредельных территорий обусловливает актуальность настоящего исследования, целью которого является оценка многолетней изменчивости химического состава и качества воды на протяжении реки Амур. Исследование проведено на основе многолетних (20002017 гг.) гидрохимических данных Государственной системы наблюдений за состоянием и загрязнением окружающей среды Росгидромета в пунктах наблюдений на р. Амур: с. Черняево, гг. Благовещенск, Хабаровск, КомсомольскнаАмуре и НиколаевскнаАмуре. Рассмотрен химический состав воды на различных участках реки и проведена оценка качества воды по гидрохимическим показателям. Построены графики временной изменчивости значений удельного комбинаторного индекса загрязненности воды (УКИЗВ). Анализ многолетних данных показал, что на всех исследуемых участках реки концентрации хлоридов, сульфатов и нитратов не превышают предельно допустимые концентрации. Выявлены характерные загрязняющие вещества, содержание которых превышает нормативы ПДК более, чем в половине случаев. Это органические вещества, азот аммонийный, соединения железа, меди, цинка, никеля, марганца, фенолы и нефтепродукты. Наблюдается увеличение содержания некоторых загрязняющих веществ вниз по течению реки. В целом качество воды реки Амур на различных участках характеризуется 3м ( загрязненная и очень загрязненная ) и 4м классами качества ( грязная ). В динамике выражена общая положительная тенденция незначительного снижения уровня загрязненности воды.The title of the article is longterm variability of chemical composition and quality of water along the Amur river. As the title implies the article describes the chemical composition of water in different parts of the river and the water quality by hydrochemical parameters. A mention should be made that under the conditions of anthropogenic press on the environment and unbalanced use of natural resources, the ecological potential of the water ecosystem of the Amur River is depleted and the quality of water decreases. The transboundary position of the studied water object, the difference in the demographic potentials of Russia and China determines the relevance of this paper. The purpose of the work is to assess the longterm variability of the chemical composition and water quality along the Amur River. It should be noted that this research is based on longterm (20002017) Hydrochemical information. The state system of observers for the state and environmental pollution of Roshydromet at observation points along the river: c. Chernyaevo, the city of Blagoveshchensk, Khabarovsk, KomsomolskonAmur and NikolaevskonAmur. As a result, the analysis of longterm data showed that the concentrations of chlorides, sulphates and nitrates do not exceed the maximum permissible concentrations on all the studied river sections. Identified characteristic pollutants, the content of which exceeds the MPC standards in more than half of the cases. There is an increase in the content of some pollutants downstream of the river. In general, the water quality of the Amur River at different sites is characterized by the 3rd (polluted and very polluted) and 4th quality classes (dirty).

scholarly journals INTRA-SPECIES GROUPINGS OF CHUM SALMON ONCORHYNCHUS KETA (SALMONIDAE) OF THE AMUR RIVER AND THEIR DISTRIBUTION WITHIN THE BASIN

2019 ◽  
Vol 197 ◽  
pp. 21-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. F. Zolotukhin
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Chum Salmon ◽  
Oncorhynchus Keta ◽  
Amur River Basin ◽  
Amur Basin ◽  
Amur River ◽  
Spawning Grounds ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Amur River ◽  
Major Grouping

Chum salmon in the Amur River basin are represented by two races: summer and fall ones. For the summer race, one population with specific type of spawning grounds is known, but the fall race includes three populations with different types of spawning grounds. In total, four eco-geographical groupings of the species are separated in their reproduction by geographical boundaries of geomorphological zones, as well as temporally and ecologically. Chum salmon do not spawn in the Chinese part of the Amur basin in more than 50 years. In the Russian part, the summer chum salmon spawn completely in the hyporheic waters in late July — August, the major grouping of fall chum (77.1 %) spawns in the spring waters in September-November, other two groupings spawn in the hyporheic waters of the lower Amur in September (20.4 %) and in the spring waters of the lakes near the Amur mouth in October-November (2.5 %).

Dependence of progeny abundance for summer chum salmon (Oncorhynchys keta) in the Amur River on the parents abundance

2016 ◽  
Vol 184 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-81
Author(s):  
Vladimir I. Ostrovsky ◽  
Olga V. Vershinina ◽  
Andrey P. Shmigirilov
Keyword(s):  
Chum Salmon ◽  
Amur River ◽  
The Amur River

Growth and Chemical Composition of Chum (Oncorhynchus keta) and Sockeye (O. nerka) Salmon Fry Produced in Spawning Channel and Natural Environments

1970 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 371-382 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. E. Vanstone ◽  
J. R. Markert ◽  
D. B. Lister ◽  
M. A. Giles
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Sockeye Salmon ◽  
Chum Salmon ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Total Weight ◽  
Oncorhynchus Keta ◽  
Natural Environments ◽  
Rates Of Change ◽  
Rate Of Increase

A comparison was made of the weights, lengths, weight–length relations, and chemical composition in migrating chum and sockeye fry resulting from eggs incubated and hatched in natural and artificial streams. Additionally, growth rates and rates of change in some chemical constituents were investigated in postmigrant channel- and river-hatched chum salmon confined to floating pens in sea water and in postmigrant sockeye salmon captured from their lake nursery area.There were no apparent differences in the lengths, weights, weight–length relations, or chemical composition between river- and channel-hatched chum salmon migrants. Nor was there any difference in the rates of change in length, weight, or chemical composition of these two groups of chums when confined to pens in sea water for 10 weeks after migration.There were differences in the weight–length relations, lipid content, and nitrogen content between channel- and river-hatched sockeye migrants. It is suggested, however, that these differences are due to the fact that the timing of the peaks of migration of these two groups of fish differed and that at any one time channel fry were physiologically different from river fry.Growth of the chum salmon in sea water and the sockeye in the lake was exponential and the slope of the weight–length relation, W = aLb, was approximately 3.25. During this growth period although total weight, moisture, solids, lipid, and nitrogen increased the rate of increase in moisture was less than the rates of increase in total weight or the other constituents.

Biogeochemical Features of Water, Soil Ground and Bottom Sediments in the Industrial Zone of the City of Khabarovsk

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 56-61
Author(s):  
L.A. Garetova ◽  
N.K. Fisher ◽  
E.L. Imranova ◽  
O.A. Kirienko ◽  
A.M. Koshel’kov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bottom Sediments ◽  
Environmental Pollutant ◽  
Industrial Zone ◽  
Amur River ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
State Of Water ◽  
The Amur River ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

Complex chemical-analytical and microbiological studies of the state of water, soil grounds and bottom sediment of the industrial zone of city of Khabarovsk were carried out. It was found that petroleum prodacts are the main environmental pollutant of the study area. The impact of runoff from the industrial zone on the quality of water and bottom sediments of the Amur river is manifested in an increase in their content and number of indicator groups of bacteria in the zone of impact of the small river Kurcha-Murcha draining the territory of the industrial zone. The oil content in the Kurcha-Murcha river at the exit from conduit is 20 MPC. The degree of soil contamination varies from “increased-background” to “strong”. The amount of oil products in the bottom sediments of the Kurcha-Murcha and the Amur river (below the mouth of the Kurcha-Murcha river) is defined as "dangerous" and "strong", respectively.

scholarly journals Spatial variability in iron nutritional status of large diatoms in the Sea of Okhotsk with special reference to the Amur River discharge

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 2503-2517 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Suzuki ◽  
A. Hattori-Saito ◽  
Y. Sekiguchi ◽  
J. Nishioka ◽  
M. Shigemitsu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Spatial Variability ◽  
River Discharge ◽  
Sea Of Okhotsk ◽  
River Mouth ◽  
Kuril Islands ◽  
Amur River ◽  
The Sea Of Okhotsk ◽  
The Amur River ◽  
The Kuril Islands

Abstract. The Sea of Okhotsk is known as one of the most biologically productive regions among the world's oceans, and its productivity is supported in part by the discharge of iron (Fe)-rich water from the Amur River. However, little is known about the effect of riverine-derived Fe input on the physiology of the large diatoms which often flourish in surface waters of the productive continental shelf region. We conducted diatom-specific immunochemical ferredoxin (Fd) and flavodoxin (Fld) assays in order to investigate the spatial variability of Fe nutritional status in the microplankton-sized (20–200 μm; hereafter micro-sized) diatoms. The Fd index, defined as the proportion of Fd to the sum of Fd plus Fld accumulations in the cells, was used to assess their Fe nutritional status. Additionally, active chlorophyll fluorescence measurements using pulse–amplitude-modulated (PAM) fluorometry were carried out to obtain the maximum photochemical quantum efficiency (Fv/Fm) of photosystem II for the total micro-sized phytoplankton assemblages including diatoms. During our observations in the summer of 2006, the micro-sized diatoms were relatively abundant (> 10 μg C L−1) in the neritic region, and formed a massive bloom in Sakhalin Bay near the mouth of the Amur River. Values of the Fd index and Fv/Fm were high (>0.9 and >0.65, respectively) near the river mouth, indicating that Fe was sufficient for growth of the diatoms. However, in oceanic waters of the Sea of Okhotsk, the diatom Fd index declined as cellular Fld accumulation increased. These results suggest that there was a distinct gradient in Fe nutritional status in the micro-sized diatoms from near the Amur River mouth to open waters in the Sea of Okhotsk. A significant correlation between dissolved Fe (D-Fe) concentration and the Fd index was found in waters off Sakhalin Island, indicating that D-Fe was a key factor for the photophysiology of this diatom size class. In the vicinity of the Kuril Islands between the Sea of Okhotsk and the Pacific Ocean, micro-sized diatoms only accumulated Fld (i.e., Fd index = 0), despite strong vertical mixing consistent with elevated surface D-Fe levels (>0.4 nM). Since higher Fe quotas are generally required for diatoms growing under low-light conditions, the micro-sized diatoms off the Kuril Islands possibly encountered Fe and light co-limitations. The differential expressions of Fd and Fld in micro-sized diatoms helped us to understand how these organisms respond to Fe availability in the Sea of Okhotsk in connection with the Amur River discharge.

scholarly journals Spatial and Seasonal Variability of the Middle Amur Water Chemical Composition

2012 ◽  
pp. 18-28
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
River Water ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Seasonal Variability ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Amur River ◽  
Water Chemical Composition ◽  
Dissolved Matter ◽  
The Amur River

Spatial and seasonal variability of the middle Amur River water chemical composition has been discussed. The economic activity influence on the dissolved matter content has been shown. The Sungari River priority role in removal of nitrogen and phosphorous mineral forms to the Amur River has been stated.

Prospects for the use of carrot powder in the production of bread from triticale flour

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (11) ◽  
pp. 46-49
Author(s):  
T.N. Tertychnaya ◽  
◽  
A.V. Drannikov ◽  
A.A. Shevtsov ◽  
N.V. Zasypkin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Calcium Content ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Plant Origin ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Biological Value ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Bakery Industry

The analysis of modern achievements in the technology of producing bread from triticalе flour using additives of vegetable origin has shown that the finished product is not always characterized by a balanced chemical composition caused by a low content of micronutrients, organoleptic indicators, uneven porosity of the crumb. Obtaining bread of increased nutritional and biological value is achieved due to the use of carrot powder and triticalе flour of the T-70 variety. The bread prepared accordingto the proposed method has improved physico-chemical parameters, which ensures the production of products of sufficient volume with a more elastic crumb and well developed porosity. To evaluate the quality of bread, generally accepted methods were used in the bakery industry. Protein content was determined by Kjeldahl titrimetric metod (GOST 13496.4–93), phosphorus was determined by vanado molybdate metod (GOST 26657–97), calcium content was determined by trilonometry metode with fluorexone (GOST 26570–95). Bread obtained using additives of plant origin is of interest from the point of view of chemical composition and can be considered as a product of therapeutic and prophylactic purpose.

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