scholarly journals A review on the potential of empty fruit bunch (EFB) compost as growing medium for oil palm seedling production

Food Research ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (S4) ◽  
pp. 15-20
Author(s):  
N.A. Zakri ◽  
S. Adam
Keyword(s):  
Oil Palm ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunch ◽  
Seedling Production ◽  
Research Information ◽  
High Demand ◽  
Growing Medium ◽  
Oil Palm Industry ◽  
By Products

The oil palm industry is among the important sectors in Malaysia. The productions of palm oil keep increasing year by year due to high demand from other countries, generating an abundance of wastes from the field and the mill. These wastes may significantly affect the environment. Composting is one of the methods to reduce the volume of waste. The compost material is widely used especially in agriculture activities due to its properties which have been enhanced during the composting process. Empty fruit bunch (EFB) compost mostly returns to the soil as mulch to conserve soil moisture and acts as organic fertilizer since it contains high nutrients needed by the plant. Currently, the depletion of fertile soil leads to less availability of growing medium, especially in the nursery. The properties of the growing medium are important to ensure better root development of seedlings and subsequently affect the overall plant growth. Therefore, numerous studies have been conducted to identify the suitable growing medium as a substitute for topsoil which is currently limited to raising seedlings in the nursery. This review examines the current methods of composting EFB and provides summarized research information on the effect of EFB compost on oil palm seedling growth. The oil palm wastes that are properly managed could produce value-added by-products and promotes sustainable agriculture practices.

scholarly journals Techno-Economic Analysis for Bioethanol Plant with Multi Lignocellulosic Feedstocks

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 319-328
Author(s):  
Penjit Srinophakun ◽  
Anusith Thanapimmetha ◽  
Thongchai Rohitatisha Srinophakun ◽  
Pramuk Parakulsuksatid ◽  
Chularat Sakdaronnarong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oil Palm ◽  
Cost Estimation ◽  
Production Cost ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Ethanol Yield ◽  
Continuous Production ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Production Plant ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunch

Oil palm empty fruit bunch and trunk are classified as primary lignocellulosic residues from the palm oil industry. They are considered to be promising feedstocks for bioconversion into value-added products such as bioethanol. However,using these lignocellulosic materials to produce bioethanol remains a significant challenge for small and medium enterprises. Hence, techno-economic and sensitivity analyses of bioethanol plant simultaneously treating these materials were performed in this study. The information based on preliminary experimental data in batch operations wasemployed to develop a simulation of an industrial-scale semi-continuous production process. Calculations of mass balance, equipment sizes, and production cost estimation of the production plant of various capacities ranging from 10,000 L/day to 35,000 L/day were summarized. The result based on 20 years of operation indicated that the net present value of theplant of lower capacities was negative. However,thisvalue became positive when the plant operated with a higher capacity, 35,000 L/day.The highest ethanol yield, 294.84 LEtOH/tonfeedstock, was produced when the planttreated only an empty fruit bunch generating 8.94% internal rate of return and US$0.54 production cost per unit.Moreover, the higher oil palm trunk ratio in the feedstock, the lower ethanol yield contributing to the higher production cost per unit.©2020. CBIORE-IJRED. All rights reserved

scholarly journals Pemanfaatan Limbah Cair Pabrik Kelapa Sawit Sebagai Bioaktivator Untuk Pengomposan Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Zainudin Zainudin ◽  
Abdul Rofik
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Liquid Waste ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunch ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunches ◽  
A Value

Palm oil is an export commodity of the plantation sector which began to develop rapidly in East Kalimantan with an area until 2017 reaching 1,192,342 Ha consisting of 284,523 Ha as plasma / smallholder plants, 14,402 Ha owned by SOEs as the core and 893,417 Ha owned by Large Private Plantation.Empty bunches (Tankos) are solid waste that is produced by palm oil mills in the process of managing palm fruit bunches into crude palm oil (CPO). In each processing 1 ton of fruit bunches will produce Tankos as much as 21-23%. Oil palm empty fruit bunches that are not managed properly will become waste that does not provide benefits. Compost technology using a local microorganism starter (MOL) can be used to produce quality organic fertilizer considering the process involves decomposing bacteria of organic ingredients. Compost technology from tankos waste is very possible to be developed, both at the level of farmers and private oil palm companies. This study aim to determine the potential of palm oil mill effluent (POME) as an bioactivator for composting oil palm empty fruit bunches, and to determine the chemical quality of oil palm empty fruit bunch compost with MOL bioactivator liquid waste as organic fertilizer. Through this research, it is expected that the palm oil mill's liquid waste can be utilized as a bioactivator for compost production and can be applied to the production of oil palm empty fruit bunch compost.This research was conducted for one year. The stages of the research are as follows: 1. Chemical analysis of POME waste, 2. Making LM POME, 3. Chemical analysis of LM POME, and 4. Making EFB Compost, and Chemical Analysis of oil palm empty fruit bunch compost. Compost making using randomized block design (RBD) with 5 treatments and 4 replications include: P0 = 0 ml / liter of water, P1 = 100 ml / liter of water, P2 = 300 ml / liter of water, P3 = 600 ml / liter of water, P4 = 900 ml / liter of water.The analysis showed that there was an increase in the chemical properties of POME after becoming an LM POME activator. Increased chemical properties such as phosphorus from 0.01 to 0.02, potassium from 0.19 to 0.27, and organic carbon from 0.90 to 1.30, but some chemical properties such as pH decreased from 7.20 to 3, 37 and nitrogen decreased from 0.37 to 0.05. The EFB compost analysis results showed that the highest pH was p2 with a value of 8.23, the highest organic C at p4 treatment with a value of 57.65, the highest total N at p3 with a value of 1.80, P2O5 the highest total at p3 with a value of 0.64, and the highest total K2O at p4 with a value of 2.68. 

scholarly journals The Value Chain Analysis to Support Industrial Cluster Development of Oil Palm-Cattle Integration in Pelalawan Regency

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristiana Kristiana ◽  
Zulfika Satria Kusharsanto ◽  
Ramos Hutapea
Keyword(s):  
Value Chain ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Industrial Cluster ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Value Chain Analysis ◽  
A Value ◽  
Chain Analysis ◽  
Integrated Program

<p>As a region with the largest oil palm plantations in Indonesia, Pelalawan Regency is highly potential to develop a program of oil palm-cattle integration. Pelalawan has implemented the program legitimated by Regent Decree Number KPTS./524/Disnak/2012/472 regarding Zoning Regulation on the development of Oil Palm-Cattle Integration. The program of oil palm-cattle integration itself has been the basis for the Decree of the Minister of Agriculture Number 105 Year 2014 regarding the Integration of Oil Palm Plantation and Beef Cattle Farming. Moreover, the integration system of oil palm-cattle gives a lot of benefit to farmers, for example the utilization of manure as organic fertilizers could reduce farmer’s expenses for chemical fertilizers and the cattle can be an asset for them. Products made from the integrated program are solid manure, liquid organic fertilizer, fodder, biogas, and beef. To improve the competitiveness of those activities, we can analyze the value chain which includes product design, inbound logistics, operations, outbound logistics, marketing, sales, services and supporting activities. By using a value chain analysis, this study aims to provide recommendations for strengthening programs which could be implemented to improve the value-added of the products.</p><p> </p><p>Keywords: oil palm-cattle integration, value chain, value-added, industrial cluster</p>

scholarly journals Effects of carboxymethyl cellulose extracted from oil palm empty fruit bunch stalk fibres on the physical properties of low-fat ice cream

Food Research ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (S1) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
D.M. Parid ◽  
A.S. Baharuddin ◽  
R. Kadir Basha ◽  
M.A. P. Mohammed ◽  
A. Mat Johari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oil Palm ◽  
Carboxymethyl Cellulose ◽  
Complete Solution ◽  
Control Sample ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Ice Cream ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunch ◽  
Low Fat ◽  
A Value ◽  
The One

Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) is a food additive that plays an important role in the structure-forming of most food. The current extraction of CMC from wood has created competition with the wood industries. To ensure the sustainability of CMC, the search for alternatives to wood is critical. A study on the extraction of CMC from oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB) stalk fibres (SCMC) was successfully carried out previously by the authors. In this study, the potential application of SCMC on low-fat ice cream properties was investigated. Liquid ice cream mix with SCMC had a higher viscosity (129.4 cP) when compared to the control sample (25.5 cP). However, the viscosity of liquid ice cream mix produced using SCMC was slightly lower than the one produced using the commercial CMC (360 cP). The overrun of the SCMC low-fat ice cream was slightly lower (35.2%) than the one produced using commercial CMC (41.5%). The resistance of SCMC and commercial CMC low-fat ice creams towards melting were about the same (60.28% and 58.75% respectively). The commercial CMC produced slightly harder (38.19 N) ice cream than the one with SCMC (28.88 N). Thus, the low-fat ice cream produced using SCMC is comparable with the low-fat ice cream produced using commercial CMC. This indicates the reliability of the extracted CMC from OPEFB stalk fibres to be applied in food, and thus creates a complete solution for the utilization of palm oil mill by-product to produce a value-added product.

scholarly journals Patates İşleme Endüstrisi Yan Ürünleri ve Hayvan Beslemede Değerlendirilmesi

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 93
Author(s):  
Pınar Özdemir ◽  
Hatice Basmacıoğlu Malayoğlu
Keyword(s):  
Fast Food ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Cell Protein ◽  
Animal Nutrition ◽  
Potato Peel ◽  
Potato Processing ◽  
Processing Industry ◽  
By Products

All around the world, particularly in developed countries, fresh potato consumption decreased while the consumption as fast food, snack and convenience food was increased. Potato processing industry has by-products such as cull potato, peel, pulp, and waste water. These by-products can be utilized for production of ethyl alcohol, single cell protein, microbial enzymes, lactic acid, organic fertilizer and bioethanol. The pulp obtained from the processing of potato for starch production can be considered as an energy source with starch content in animal nutrition. Recently, potato peel with the contents of bioactive compounds (chlorogenic, caffeic, gallic, protocatechuic acids) and their antioxidant and antimicrobial effects have been intensely focused on. Conversion of by-products of potato processing industry into value-added products is economically important. It was reviewed here by-products of potato processing industry and their evaluation in animal nutrition.

Upgrading of Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch to Value-Added Products

2014 ◽  
pp. 63-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustakimah Mohamed ◽  
Suzana Yusup ◽  
Wahyudiono ◽  
Siti Machmudah ◽  
Motonobu Goto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oil Palm ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunch ◽  
Value Added Products

Effects of several organic fertilizers on growth of greenhouse tomato transplants

1994 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 167-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernard Gagnon ◽  
Sylvain Berrouard
Keyword(s):  
Lycopersicon Esculentum ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Organic Wastes ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Greenhouse Tomato ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Growing Medium ◽  
By Products

An experiment was conducted to evaluate the potential of different organic wastes from the agri-food industry for growing greenhouse tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. 'Vision') transplants. The organic materials were thoroughly mixed with a peat–compost growing medium prior to transplanting. Meal from blood, feathers, meat, crab shells, fish, cottonseed and whey by-products produced the best growth, significantly increasing the shoot dry weight by 57–83 % compared with non-fertilized plants. Key words:Lycopersicon esculentum, organic fertilizer, peat, tomato, mineralization, nitrogen

scholarly journals Analisis Kualitas Formula Pupuk Organik Pelet dari Eceng Gondok dan Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit (Quality Analysis of Organic Fertilizer Pellets Formula from Water Hyacinth and Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch)

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-28
Author(s):  
I Dewa Gede Putra Prabawa ◽  
Nurmilatina Nurmilatina
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Water Hyacinth ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Quality Analysis ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunch ◽  
Macro Nutrients

The objective of this research was to analyse organic fertilizer pellets from water hyacinth and oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB) that have not been widely used in South Kalimantan. The variable of the research was the ratio of water hyacinth and OPEFB: 25%:75%, 50%:50%, and 75%:25%. The fertilizer was produced by heating the materials at 350oC, and then composting the materials using effective microorgnism 4 (EM4), and then mold into pellet shape. The results showed that the drying, heating, and composting process could increase nitrogen and phosphor content. Nitrogen in water hyacinth increased from 0.06% to 2.18%, while its increased from 0.18% to 2.49% in OPEFB. Phosphor in water hyacinth increased from 3.42% to 6.89%, while its increased from 1.95% to 4.70% in OPEFB. The quality of organic fertilizer pellet was evaluated according to Permentan No.70-2011. The result showed that the content of C-organic, macro nutrients, micro nutrients, heavy metals, Escherichia coli, Salmonella sp., moisture content, pH, and residue met the requirements. The organic fertilizer contained the highest nutrient made from 50 % water hyacinth and 50% OPEFB.Keywords: organic fertilizer pellets, oil palm empty fruit bunch, water hyacinth

scholarly journals Effect of Oil-Palm-Empty-Fruit-Bunch Granular Organic Fertilizer on The Yield 0f Oil Palm Fruit

Akta Agrosia ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 61-65
Author(s):  
Susi Puspita Indah ◽  
Hermansyah Hermansyah ◽  
Hasanudin Hasanudin ◽  
Marwanto Marwanto
Keyword(s):  
Oil Palm ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunch ◽  
Palm Fruit

scholarly journals Effect of Mushroom Spent Empty Fruit Bunch (FEB) Supplement on physicochemical Properties of a Biofertilizer named Organonitrofos

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 120
Author(s):  
Sugeng Triyono ◽  
Agus Haryanto ◽  
Dermiyati Dermiyati ◽  
Jamalam Lumbanraja
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Property ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunch ◽  
Spent Mushroom Substrate ◽  
Mushroom Production ◽  
Straw Mushroom ◽  
Two Stages

This research aims to elaborate characteristics of an organic fertilizer, named as “Organonitrofos”, produced from agricultural wastes supplemented with spent mushroom substrate (SMS) made from oil palm empty fruit bunch (EFB). The EFB was formerly used as straw mushroom medium.  Research was carried out in two stages of experiment. In the first experiment, The SMS was taken from an experiment of mushroom production, where effect of size reduction and composting duration of EFB on the mushroom production was investigated. The SMS was mixed with other materials (1:1), which is normally used as the raw materials of Organonitrofos, and was composted.  In the second experiment, the SMS was taken from other experiment of mushroom production where effect of inorganic and organic fertilizer supplements on the straw mushroom production was investigated.  The second experiment was carried out using the same procedure as in the first experiment. Physicochemical property of resulted Organonitrofos was evaluated and compared to other predecessors of Organonitrofos.  Results showed some noticeable changes of physicochemical properties.

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