scholarly journals The Antecedents and Consequences of Marketing Law Transgressions: an Australian Perspective

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Aaron Gazley
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Process ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Control Mechanisms ◽  
Empirical Testing ◽  
Dynamic Nature ◽  
Extant Literature ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Law ◽  
Antecedents And Consequences ◽  
And Control

<p>Since the 1970s, a number of models have been developed that investigate the reasons why firms break the law. None of these, however, have focussed on why firms transgress laws specifically related to marketing, nor have they recognized the dynamic nature of the transgression process. Based on the extant literature, and a framework of motive, opportunity, and control, a model of transgressing the law was developed that formed the basis of empirical testing within a marketing context. Previous research has focussed on the factors that have led to a previous transgression and the factors that have impacted on intent to engage in questionable behaviour in the future. This model looks to link past and future behaviour by recognising the changes that occur in the firm as the result of a previous transgression being detected, and how these changes impact on the likelihood that future transgressions will occur. It is recognised that the commission of the transgression is not the end of the process, as experiences associated with committing the transgression, getting caught, and subsequent penalties will most likely influence decisions regarding future transgressions. This model also introduces the concept of unintentional illegality through a lack of knowledge of the law. The model is empirically tested using a combination of secondary data and a survey of marketing managers from Australia. The results find evidence that the transgression of marketing law is a dynamic process and show that control mechanisms, in particular, are effective in reducing the incidence of transgression.</p>

scholarly journals The Antecedents and Consequences of Marketing Law Transgressions: an Australian Perspective

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Aaron Gazley
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Process ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Control Mechanisms ◽  
Empirical Testing ◽  
Dynamic Nature ◽  
Extant Literature ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Law ◽  
Antecedents And Consequences ◽  
And Control

<p>Since the 1970s, a number of models have been developed that investigate the reasons why firms break the law. None of these, however, have focussed on why firms transgress laws specifically related to marketing, nor have they recognized the dynamic nature of the transgression process. Based on the extant literature, and a framework of motive, opportunity, and control, a model of transgressing the law was developed that formed the basis of empirical testing within a marketing context. Previous research has focussed on the factors that have led to a previous transgression and the factors that have impacted on intent to engage in questionable behaviour in the future. This model looks to link past and future behaviour by recognising the changes that occur in the firm as the result of a previous transgression being detected, and how these changes impact on the likelihood that future transgressions will occur. It is recognised that the commission of the transgression is not the end of the process, as experiences associated with committing the transgression, getting caught, and subsequent penalties will most likely influence decisions regarding future transgressions. This model also introduces the concept of unintentional illegality through a lack of knowledge of the law. The model is empirically tested using a combination of secondary data and a survey of marketing managers from Australia. The results find evidence that the transgression of marketing law is a dynamic process and show that control mechanisms, in particular, are effective in reducing the incidence of transgression.</p>

scholarly journals DEMOKRASI INDONESIA PASCA AMANDEMEN UUD NRI TAHUN 1945 DALAM PERSPEKTIF LEGISLASI

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 343
Author(s):  
Rachmat Trijono
Keyword(s):  
Research Method ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Democratic State ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Law ◽  
Local Representative ◽  
Law Making

Indikator mengkualifikasikan praktek demokrasi Indonesia adalah fungsi lembaga perwakilan rakyat yakni Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat dan Dewan Perwakilan Daerah. Semakin lembaga perwakilan rakyat tersebut berfungsi, maka Indonesia semakin demokratis. Persoalan yang diteliti dan dijawab adalah bagaimana demokrasi Indonesia pasca amandemen dalam perspektif pembentukan undang-undang. Penelitian ini mempergunakan metode penelitian normatif, yang bersifat deskriptif, dengan menggunakan bahan pustaka yang berupa data sekunder sebagai sumber utamanya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Indonesia pada masa pasca amandemen UUD NRI Tahun 1945 belum dapat dikatakan sebagai negara yang demokratis. Untuk itu ke depan diharapkan dengan amandemen kelima UUD NRI Tahun 1945, Indonesia akan lebih demokratis.<p>Indicator to qualify the practice of Indonesia democracy is the function of the parliament that is House of Representative (DPR) and Local Representative (DPD). The more function of parliament, so the more democratic in Indonesia. The problem which are researched and answered is how democracy in Indonesia after the amendment in the law making perspective. This research is used in normative research method, descriptive, by using library materials in the form of secondary data as the main source. The results of the research showed that Indonesia in the period after constitution (UUD NRI 1945) amendment cannot be said to be a democratic state. For the future it is expected by the fifth constitution amendment, Indonesia will be more democratic.</p>

scholarly journals Tinjauan Normatif Kewenangan Penuntutan oleh KPK Atas Tindak Pidana Pencucian Uang

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 117
Author(s):  
Sarmadan Pohan
Keyword(s):  
Money Laundering ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Legal Basis ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Law ◽  
Double Track

<p><em>Debate over the issue of the authority of the corruption eradication commission in conducting investigations, investigations and investigators. The purpose of this study is to examine the legal basis for the authority to prosecute KPK for money laundering and the position of the authority to prosecute corruption eradication commissions for money laundering crimes in the future. This research method is normative, in which research of document studies using a variety of secondary data. The results obtained from this study are that the Article 6 of Law Number 30 of 2002 that the KPK only has authority in conducting investigations, investigations and prosecutions of money laundering crimes. In IusConstitutim or what applies in a regulation or better known as the law, the Corruption Eradication Commission does not have the authority to prosecute money laundering, different empirically different from seeing what happens in society that the KPK is deemed necessary to prosecute a laundering crime in TPPU is a double-track criminality in which there is an original and advanced crime, if the money laundering is a further criminal act of corruption as an original criminal act empirically then the Eradication Commission Corruption continues to prosecute because it still have a rights.</em><em></em></p>

Managing Revenue

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr Cathy Burgess
Keyword(s):  
Revenue Management ◽  
Management Approach ◽  
Control Mechanisms ◽  
Stakeholder Approach ◽  
Sales And Marketing ◽  
The Future ◽  
Package Holiday ◽  
And Control ◽  
Insight Into

Maximising revenues is as important as minimising costs to achieve profits. The usual (sales and marketing or revenue management) approach is to try and gain additional business – and we will cover some of this here. However, since this is a book about control we’ll be looking more at ways of ensuring that you get all your revenue from existing customers. If you work in a section where only costs occur, much of this chapter may seem irrelevant, but you may have ‘revenue’ from a subsidy or allowance and you certainly still have customers. I hope you will gain an insight into practices in other sectors that may help you in the future, if not just now. You have to ensure that everything a customer consumes is actually paid for and that you aren’t giving it away, wasting it or losing it to fraud. This applies to a take-away, a drink, a package holiday or a five-star meal – all can lose revenues by inadequate control. In some sectors this may be more obvious as they have much stronger control mechanisms – in others it may be difficult to see easily where problems might occur. We look at pricing in Chapter 5 but it’s important to recognise now that there shouldn’t be a conflict between marketing and control – the stakeholder approach means that everybody is interested in the business doing well. The controller wants good revenues as well as the marketing or revenue manager because this should result in good profits, which means good employment for them (in all its aspects). By the end of this chapter you should be able to: - Identify the features which may impact on revenue maximisation - Understand the differences between revenue management and revenue control - Identify where shortfalls can occur, using ratios - Calculate ratios for a range of revenue areas - Utilise methods of improving revenues.

scholarly journals Ideological Control in Public and Business Organizations

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 17-30
Author(s):  
Roman Andrzej Lewandowski
Keyword(s):  
Large Body ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Control Mechanisms ◽  
Business Organizations ◽  
Management Research ◽  
Fundamental Function ◽  
Body Of Knowledge ◽  
Effective Form ◽  
The Future ◽  
And Control

Control is the fundamental function of management, but companies due to the increasingly turbulent environment and public organizations because of purposes ambiguity have to seek mare flexible forms of control aimed at self-control. Thus, both sanctions and rewards associated with the control system must be less associated with factors that are external to the organizational mem ber and mare with interna! stimuli associated with the inner satisfaction and a sense of fulńllment. Such an option seems to offer ideological control. The paper is an analysis of ideology as an effective form of control in organizations. Therefore, the fundamental issues of the regarded ideology and control mechanisms related to it have been discussed. The direct appeal to ideology, as a fundamental element of normative control, offers the opportunity to exploit a large body of knowledge from sociology and political science in the service of organizations and management research. ldeological control as an organizational process consists of several stages. In the first stage, employees' individual ideologies relating to the organization are modińed or replaced by the ideology preferred by the organization. Replacement or modińcation of the ideology usually is rendered by showing the way of transformation from the current criticized reality to the desired vision of the future determined by the new ideology. lf members of the organization accept the criticism of the present reality and are attracted by the vision of the future determined by the ideology, they will act in accordance to this ideology. ldeology determines which actions are beneńcial to the organization, and which are harmful. Therefore, an organisational actor, whose actions are consistent with the ideology, would obtain rewards, and those whose actions are illegitimate would suffer from sanctions.

MANAJEMEN PENGAWASAN PERATURAN DAERAH DILAHAT DARI PERUNDANGAN-UNDANGAN

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr. Hotma Napitupulu, MM.
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Data ◽  
Empirical Method ◽  
Conceptual Approach ◽  
Regulatory Oversight ◽  
Secondary Data Source ◽  
Approach Method ◽  
Data Source ◽  
The Law ◽  
Harmonization Of Law ◽  
Legal Consequences

Management of regulatory oversight under the law, analyze the legal consequences with its use as a system of legal oversight mechanisms in order to create harmonization of law in the region. As for the method used in research by using empirical method that is by conceptual approach method with primary and secondary data source. As for the method used in research by using empirical method that is by conceptual approach method with primary and secondary data source.

Identificación de polaridad de los devanados en un motor trifásico de 6 terminales

2019 ◽  
pp. 13-19
Author(s):  
José Luis Viramontes-Reyna ◽  
Josafat Moreno-Silva ◽  
José Guadalupe Montelongo-Sierra ◽  
Erasmo Velazquez-Leyva
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Voltage Reference ◽  
Three Phase ◽  
Voltage Phase ◽  
The Law ◽  
And Control

This document presents the results obtained from the application of the law of Lens to correctly identify the polarity of the windings in a three-phase motor with 6 exposed terminals, when the corresponding labeling is not in any situation; Prior to identifying the polarity, it should be considered to have the pairs of the three windings located. For the polarity, it is proposed to feed with a voltage of 12 Vrms to one of the windings, which are identified randomly as W1 and W2, where W1 is connected to the voltage phase of 12 Vrms of the signal and W2 to the voltage reference to 0V; by means of voltage induction and considering the law of Lens, the remaining 4 terminals can be identified and labeled as V1, V2, U1 and U2. For this process a microcontroller and control elements with low cost are used.

ANALISIS HUKUM PIDANA DENDA PELANGGARAN LALU LINTAS DI KOTA BENGKULU (DITINJAU DARI UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 22 TAHUN 2009 TENTANG LALU LINTAS DAN ANGKUTAN JALAN)

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-33
Author(s):  
Apen Diansyah
Keyword(s):  
Death Penalty ◽  
Criminal Law ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Criminal Code ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Inhibiting Factors ◽  
Library Research ◽  
The Law ◽  
The City

ABSTRAKPenelitian ini ditujukan untuk mengetahui penerapan denda terhadap pelanggar berlalu lintas di kota Bengkulu ditinjau dari Undang-undang Nomor 22 Tahun 2009, serta untuk mengetahui faktor penghambat dalam penerapan pidana denda terhadap pelanggar barlalu lintas di Kota Bengkulu. Penelitian dilaksanakan disatuan lalu lintas Polres dan Polda Kota Bengkulu. Adapun data yang didapatkan adalah data primer dan data sekunder melalui penelitian lapangan dan penelitian kepustakaan, kemudian data dianalisis dengan cara deskriptif. Peraturan yang tertera pada undang-undang yang tertera sepenuhnya untuk meningkatkan kesadaran untuk setiap pelanggar yang melakukan pelanggaran, tetapi pada kota Bengkulu undang-undang tersebut tidak sepenuhnya berjalan efektif. Menurut pandangan Undang-undang 22 Tahun 2009, penerapan pidana denda masuk dalam kategori pidana pokok (sesuai Pasal 10 KUHP) sebagai urutan terakhir atau keempat, sesudah pidana mati, pidana penjara dan pidana kurungan. Selain dari itu, faktor penghambat keefektifan Undang-undang seperti faktor ekonomi, faktor kedekatan emosional dan faktor kekebalan institusional.Kata kunci: tindak pidana; hukum pidana; dendaABSTRACTThis study aims to determine the application of violators from cities in Bengkulu in terms of Law Number 22 of 2009, and to find out the inhibiting factors in the application of fines to traffic violators in the city of Bengkulu. The research was carried out in the traffic city of the City Police of the City of Bengkulu. The data obtained are primary data and secondary data used for library research and research, then the data are analyzed descriptively. The regulations stated in the law that are fully stated to increase awareness for every offender who commits an offense, but in the city of Bengkulu the law is not fully effective. According to the view of Law 22 of 2009, the application of criminal fines falls into the main criminal category (according to Article 10 of the Criminal Code) as the last or fourth order, after the death penalty, imprisonment and imprisonment. Apart from that, factors inhibiting the effectiveness of the law such as economic factors, emotional proximity factors and institutional immune factors.Keywords: crime; criminal law; fines

TICAD: The Context of Japan’s Development Aids to Africa

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayokunle Olumuyiwa Omobowale
Keyword(s):  
Cold War ◽  
International Development ◽  
Development Assistance ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Development Aid ◽  
Development Projects ◽  
Usual Practice ◽  
Self Help ◽  
The Cold War ◽  
And Control

Most of the discourse on development aid in Africa has been limited to assistance from Western countries and those provided by competing capitalist and socialist blocs during the Cold war era. Japan, a nation with great economic and military capabilities; its development assistance for Africa is encapsulated in the Tokyo International Conference on African Development (TICAD) initiative. The TICAD started in 1993 and Japan has so far held 5 TICAD meetings between 1993 and 2013 during which Africa’s development challenges and Japan’s development assistance to the continent were discussed. The emphasis on “ownership”, “self-help” and “partnership” are major peculiar characteristics of Japan’s development aid that puts the design, implementation and control of development projects under the control of recipient countries. This is a major departure from the usual practice in international development assistance where recipient countries are bound by clauses that somewhat puts the control of development aid in the hands of the granting countries. Such binding clauses have often been described as inimical to the successful administration of the aids and development in recipient countries. Though Japan’s development aid to Africa started only in 1993, by the 2000s, Japan was the topmost donor to Africa. This paper examines the context of Japan’s development aid to Africa by analyzing secondary data sourced from literature and secondary statistics.

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