scholarly journals To the Question about the Methods Used in Combustiology Practice to Assess the Condition of Patients and Predict General and Local Complications

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 33-43
Author(s):  
О. V. Shapoval ◽  
◽  
N. А. Komaromi ◽  
M. M. Patsatsyia

The aim. The article is devoted to the methods used in combustiology practice to assess the condition of patients and predict general and local complications. Results. With severe thermal trauma, there is a risk of developing life-threatening conditions in the victims, in particular, sepsis and multiple organ failure. Informative for assessing the course of burn disease is a modified scale of physiological disorders, which takes into account the syndrome of systemic inflammatory response, endogenous intoxication during periods of toxemia and septicotoxemia, and concomitant pathology. The development of intoxication in severe burn injuries requires determining the degree of severity of the process and its assessment in dynamics. The toxicity of blood plasma is studied by the resistance of red blood cell membranes in the acid hemolysis reaction, indicators of the red blood cell intoxication index, and the content of universal markers of intoxication, in particular, medium-weight molecules. Methods for biosensor indication of cytotoxic factors have also been developed. Assessment of the severity of the condition of victims with burns and monitoring the effectiveness of therapy is carried out taking into account the level of procalcitonin and presepsin. To determine the effect of the wound process on the formation of early sepsis in patients with burns in the capillary zone of thermal damage, the content of homocysteine, endothelin and nitric oxide is studied. To assess the severity of the condition of burn patients and predict the development of complications, the values of integral hematological indices are informative. Reliable data on the depth of a burn wound are obtained using thermotopometry and pH measurement of burn wounds, the method of magnetic resonance imaging. In order to assess violations and dynamics of blood supply restoration in the area of thermal damage, the method of laser Doppler flowmetry and optical tissue oximetry is used. Determination of interstitial pressure in burns of the extremities and intra-abdominal pressure in common burns is a way to predict the development of compartment syndrome. To monitor the patient's glycemic status, it is proposed to determine the level of glycosylated hemoglobin. Microbiological research data is used to predict the risk of developing general complications of burn disease, as well as – together with cytological data and methods for determining the maturity of granulation tissue – to assess the readiness of granulating wounds for autodermoplasty. Conclusion. The development of new effective ways to predict and prevent the development of complications in burns is promising

Author(s):  
Jasmina PLUNCEVIC GLIGOROSKA ◽  
Serjoza GONTAREV ◽  
Beti DEJANOVA ◽  
Lidija TODOROVSKA ◽  
Daniela SHUKOVA STOJMANOVA ◽  
...  

Background: This study aimed to assess the basic red blood cell variables and hematological indices in children and adolescents and analyze the differences regarding age and sex. Methods: Overall, 320 young participants, age 8 to 18 yr, were enrolled at Laboratory of Sport’s Medicine, Medical Faculty, Skopje, Macedonia in 2016. Capillary blood samples were drawn and following hematologic parameters were measured: the red blood cell count (RBC), hemoglobin concentration (Hb), hematocrit level (Hct) and hematological indexes: mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean hemoglobin concentration (MCH), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) and red cell distribution width (RDW). Results: RBC variables in male group showed high statistical level of significance between age different groups (P=0.001) for all studied parameters except MCHC (P=0.423) and RDW (P=0.174). ANOVA test and multivariate tests in female group showed that there was no significant difference for all hematological parameters between age different groups. Regarding the sex differences, male participants had significantly higher red blood count (P<0.001), hemoglobin content (P<0.001) and hematocrit (P<0.001). Conclusion: Hematological parameters in adolescent as inhomogeneous population are not quantified sufficiently, especially hematological indices. RBC variables, regardless of the age, differ very much between male and female examinees, in favor of the male examinees. Hematological indices were insignificantly higher in males. Regarding the age of examinees, RBC variables showed significant inter-groups differences only within male adolescents. While with girls, ages span 8 to 18 yr, we did not find significant differences for most of the hematological variables.


2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 262-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. V. Blazhko ◽  
S. Kh. Vyshegurov ◽  
A. S. Donchenko ◽  
K. S. Shatokhin ◽  
T. I. Krytsyna ◽  
...  

Molecular typing of BLV samples isolated from Holsteinized Russian Black Pied cattle was carried out, and various cytofluorometric and morphological blood indices were examined. We performed the total count of white blood cells (WBC), lymphocyte (lymf), granulocyte (gran), monocyte (mon), red blood cell (RBC), hemoglobin (HGB), hematocrit (HTC), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), red blood cell distribution width (RDW), platelet count (PLT), mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet distribution width (PDW), and platelet crit count (PCT). The LTR-region of BLV was haplotyped. Only viruses of haplotypes I (0.33±0.03) and III (0.67±0.03) of the eight possible were detected. The ratio of hematologically sick, healthy, and suspected carriers of BLV of haplotypes I and II was comparable with the results of other researchers. The numbers of leukocytes, erythrocytes and platelets in the blood of carriers of haplotype III exceeded the corresponding parameters of cattle affected by the virus of haplotype I. It is interesting to note that the difference in the hemolytic status of animals was manifested not only by the concentration of leukocytes as direct immune agents but also by the count of erythrocytes and platelets, which are not directly involved in the immune response. The number of particles of haplotype III of the BLV circulating in the blood of infected individuals exceeded that of the carriers of haplotype I. In this connection, an assumption was made about the evolutionary advantage of the more virulent haplotype III. However, the results of our own research in conjunction with the data of other scientists indicate that the high virulence of individual virus strains is a consequence of the tendency to implement the maximum possible intensity of the synthesis of virus particles but not of the high damaging effect alone. It is shown that high lethality is evolutionarily disadvantageous for viruses, since the extinction of the carrier as a biological species is fraught with the disappearance of the virus itself.


2004 ◽  
Vol 97 (6) ◽  
pp. 2071-2076 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brad W. Wilkins ◽  
Christopher T. Minson ◽  
John R. Halliwill

After an acute bout of exercise, there is an unexplained elevation in systemic vascular conductance that is not completely offset by an increase in cardiac output, resulting in a postexercise hypotension. The contributions of the splanchnic and renal circulations are examined in a companion paper (Pricher MP, Holowatz LA, Williams JT, Lockwood JM, and Halliwill JR. J Appl Physiol 97: 2065–2070, 2004). The purpose of this study was to determine the contribution of the cutaneous circulation in postexercise hypotension under thermoneutral conditions (∼23°C). Arterial blood pressure was measured via an automated sphygmomanometer, internal temperature was measured via an ingestible pill, and skin temperature was measured with eight thermocouples. Red blood cell flux (laser-Doppler flowmetry) was monitored at four skin sites (chest, forearm, thigh, and leg), and cutaneous vascular conductance (CVC) was calculated (red blood cell flux/mean arterial pressure) and scaled as percent maximal CVC (local heating to 43°C). Ten subjects [6 men and 4 women; age 23 ± 1 yr; peak O2 uptake (V̇o2 peak) 45.8 ± 2.0 ml·kg−1·min−1] volunteered for this study. After supine rest (30 min), subjects exercised on a bicycle ergometer for 1 h at 60% of their V̇o2 peak and were then positioned supine for 90 min. Exercise elicited a postexercise hypotension reaching a nadir at 46.0 ± 4.5 min postexercise (77 ± 1 vs. 82 ± 2 mmHg preexercise; P < 0.05). Internal temperature increased (38.0 ± 0.1 vs. 36.7 ± 0.1°C preexercise; P < 0.05), remaining elevated at 90 min postexercise (36.9 ± 0.1°C vs. preexercise; P < 0.05). CVC at all four skin sites was elevated by the exercise bout ( P < 0.05), returning to preexercise values within 50 min postexercise ( P > 0.05). Therefore, although transient changes in CVC occur postexercise, they do not appear to play an obligatory role in mediating postexercise hypotension under thermoneutral conditions.


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