Background
: Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in women. Prior studies have demonstrated gender disparities in the management and outcomes of women with acute coronary syndromes (ACS).
Objectives
: We sought to explore if gender differences exist in a patient population who present with ACS and have a percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) during hospitalization in a large, contemporary national PCI registry, the American College of Cardiology National Cardiovascular Data Registry (ACC-NCDR).
Methods
: We analyzed ACS patients who had a PCI in the ACC-NCDR PCI registry from January 1, 2004 to March 30, 2006. Clinical characteristics, procedural and clinical outcomes, and concomitant medical therapies were compared between men and women according to ACS status: unstable angina (UA)/non-ST elevation MI (NSTEMI) and ST elevation MI (STEMI).
Results
: Of 199,690 patients with ACS who underwent PCI, women more often presented with unstable angina (57.7% vs. 53.9%), equally with NSTEMI (24.2% vs. 23.6%), and less often with STEMI (18.1% vs. 22.6%) compared with men. In both ACS categories, women were older and had a higher incidence of diabetes (insulin or non-insulin dependent), HTN, PVD, CVA, past and current CHF and renal failure. There was also a higher incidence of cardiogenic shock in women among the STEMI population. The use of drug eluting stents was similar among women and men, but women were less likely to receive aspirin, GP IIb-IIIa inhibitors, and discharge aspirin and statins compared with men. While the adjusted rate of in-hospital mortality was similar among women and men, women had higher rates of peri-procedural complications, including more cardiogenic shock, CHF, bleeding and vascular complications. Rates of subacute stent thrombosis were similar between genders.
Conclusions
: Women with ACS who underwent PCI were older and more likely to have comorbidities compared with men, and were more likely to have procedural complications. Whether these differences were related to the observed differences in a number of evidence-based medications or clinical characteristics among women vs. men will require further study. Adjusted rate of in-hospital mortality was similar among women and men.
Clinical characteristics and outcomes of percutaneous coronary intervention in acute St-Elevation MI: A study in AFC Fortis Escort Heart Institute, Khulna, Bangladesh
