scholarly journals Effect of Applying Cold Plasma on Structural, Antibacterial and Self Cleaning Properties of α-Fe2O3 (HEMATITE) Thin Film

2022 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-85
Author(s):  
Abdalhussain A. Khadayeir ◽  
Ahmed H. Wannas ◽  
Falah H. Yousif
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Cold Plasma ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Thin Layers ◽  
Chemical Spray Pyrolysis ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Plasma Injection ◽  
Self Cleaning ◽  
The Impact

Objective: In this study, α-Fe2O3 thin film was formed on a glass substrate to study the impact of adding cold plasma on the self-cleaning and antibacterial properties of the samples. Method: The samples were synthesized using the chemical spray pyrolysis (CSP) method at 450°C. X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (FESEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and atomic force microscope were used to investigate the morphological and structural characteristics of α-Fe2O3 thin layers prior to and following plasma injection. Finding: The degree of wettability and antibacterial characteristics of iron oxide (hematite) thin film were evaluated in the presence of gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria prior to and following plasma injection, given the great potential of plasma injection in the surface modification of thin films. Novelty: The findings indicate that exposing plasma to α-Fe2O3thin film produces substantial changes in morphology, self-cleaning, and antibacterial characteristics. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2022-06-01-06 Full Text: PDF

Development of Photoactive Nano TiO2 Thin Film-Geopolymer Based on Laterite Soils Deposit Gowa Regency as Self-Cleaning Material

2019 ◽  
Vol 967 ◽  
pp. 274-280
Author(s):  
Anita Dewi Permatasari ◽  
Nursalfaul Fahira ◽  
Nurul Husna Muslimin ◽  
Subaer
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Milling Process ◽  
The Self ◽  
Alkali Activation ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Spray Method ◽  
Self Cleaning ◽  
Uv Lamp

The main objectives of this study is to investigate the properties of photoactive Nano TiO2 thin film-geopolymer based on laterite soils deposit Gowa regency as self-cleaning material. The soil was clean, grounded, sieves 200 mesh and dehydroxylated at 750 for 2 hours. Nano TiO2 was prepared through ball milling process for 10 hours. The geopolymers was synthesized through alkali activation method by adjusting the molar oxide ratios of SiO2/(Al2O3+Fe2O3), Na2O/SiO2 and H2O/Na2O in accordance with the chemical compositions of the soils. Nano TiO2 was added into geopolymers paste at different concentration namely 0.5% and 1.0% (relative to the mass of laterite soils) by using spray method. The self-cleaning properties of the sample were observed by immersing the sample into clays solution then irradiated under UV lamp for 24 hours. The X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) was performed to examine the structure and phase of the sample. The surface morphology of geopolymers was studied by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The measurements results showed that photoactive Nano TiO2-geopolymers composite can be applied as self-cleaning materials.

scholarly journals Unravelling the impact of Ta doping on the electronic and structural properties of titania: A combined theoretical and experimental approach

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vignesh Kumaravel ◽  
Maria Barbara Maccioni ◽  
Snehamol Mathew ◽  
Steven Hinder ◽  
John Bartlett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Lattice ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Density Functional ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Average Crystallite Size ◽  
Defect States ◽  
X Ray ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Ta Doping

The introduction of new energy levels in the forbidden band through the doping of metal ions is an effective strategy to improve the thermal stability of TiO2. In the present study, the impact of Ta doping on the anatase to rutile transition (ART), structural characteristics, anion and cation vacancy formation were investigated in detail using Density Functional Theory (DFT) and experimental characterisation including, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The average crystallite size of TiO2 decreases with an increase in the Ta concentration. At high temperatures, more oxygen atoms entered the crystal lattice and occupy the vacancies, leading to lattice expansion. Importantly, we find that Ta doping preserved the anatase content of TiO2 up to annealing temperatures of 850 °C which allows anatase stability to be maintained at typical ceramic processing temperatures. The substitution of Ti4+ by the Ta5+ ions increased the electron concentration in the crystal lattice through formation of Ti3+ defect states. Raman studies revealed the formation of new Ta bonds via disturbing the Ti-O-Ti bonds in the crystal lattice. It is concluded that under the oxidising conditions, Ta5+ ions could be enhanced on Ta-TiO2 surface due to the slow diffusion kinetics.

Correlation of Thin Film Measurement Techniques for Device Packaging Processes

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Walter ◽  
W. Mack ◽  
C.Y. Lee ◽  
C. Gspan
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Semiconductor Industry ◽  
Measurement Techniques ◽  
Fluorescence Analysis ◽  
Thin Layers ◽  
Layer System ◽  
Tem Analysis ◽  
X Ray ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Non Destructive

Abstract The analysis of thin layers in semiconductor components represents a central point in the quality control of semiconductor companies. Not only to control production processes, but to successfully operate also reverse engineering, reliable thin-film measurement methods are essential. In this work, non-destructive thin film EDX (energy dispersive X-ray micro analysis) software and μXRF (micro x-ray fluorescence analysis) were compared with TEM analysis. These methods ensure a high lateral resolution which is essential in the analysis of semiconductor structures. As an example, four different, for the semiconductor industry interesting, very thin coating systems in the nanometer range have been tested. In the individual cases best TEM detector contrast settings could be found, as well as optimum fluorescence lines settings on the EDX to minimize the errors. The TEM measurements, in thickness and composition, were compared to the thin film EDX software and the μXRF method results to determine their accuracy. It turns out that depending on the layer system recalibration with multilayer standards or at least with elemental standards is recommended. It could be shown that with μXRF and thin film EDX a reliable, rapid and non-destructive layer analysis is possible.

Synthesis and Characterization of Nanocrystalline Ba-doped Mn3O4 Hausmannite Thin Films for Optoelectronic Applications

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aus A. Najim ◽  
Kadhim R. Gbashi ◽  
Ammar T. Salih
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Optical Properties ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Optical Transmittance ◽  
Degree Of Crystallinity ◽  
Chemical Spray Pyrolysis ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Glass Substrates ◽  
The Impact

In the present work, nanocrystalline hausmannite Mn3O4:Ba thin films have been deposited on glass substrates by chemical spray pyrolysis (CSP). Then, we investigated the impact of Ba doping concentrations on the structural, morphological and optical properties. The structural characteristics were investigated by X-ray diffraction technique and clearly show the films have a spinel Mn3O4 polycrystalline structure, the degree of crystallinity was improved by increasing Ba concentrations in Mn3O4 matrix with crystallite size range of 15–33[Formula: see text]nm. The lattice parameters, the unit cell volume and the (Mn-O) bond length of tetrahedral and octahedral sites, were varied by increasing Ba concentrations. SEM micrographs show that the films are homogeneous with nanoparticles dispersed on the surface with sizes range 30–132[Formula: see text]nm. The optical properties were estimated by UV-Vis-NIR spectrophotometer and exhibited that the optical transmittance and band gap were improved by increasing Ba doping concentration. Empirical equations were suggested to estimate some correlated variables with excellent agreement with the experimental data. The optimum condition was recorded in films doped with 3% of Ba where a better crystallinity, a preferable surface morphology and outstanding optical properties have been achieved.

scholarly journals Growth and instability of the liquid rim in the crown splash regime

2014 ◽  
Vol 752 ◽  
pp. 485-496 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Agbaglah ◽  
R. D. Deegan
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Unstable Mode ◽  
Linear Stability Theory ◽  
Scaling Relations ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Imaging ◽  
Secondary Droplets ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Good Agreement

AbstractWe study the formation, growth and disintegration of jets following the impact of a drop on a thin film of the same liquid for $\def \xmlpi #1{}\def \mathsfbi #1{\boldsymbol {\mathsf {#1}}}\let \le =\leqslant \let \leq =\leqslant \let \ge =\geqslant \let \geq =\geqslant \def \Pr {\mathit {Pr}}\def \Fr {\mathit {Fr}}\def \Rey {\mathit {Re}}\mathit{We}<1000$ and $\mathit{Re}<2000$ using a combination of numerical simulations and linear stability theory (Agbaglah, Josserand & Zaleski, Phys. Fluids, vol. 25, 2013, 022103). Our simulations faithfully capture this phenomena and are in good agreement with experimental profiles obtained from high-speed X-ray imaging. We obtain scaling relations from our simulations and use these as inputs to our stability analysis. The resulting predictions for the most unstable wavelength are in excellent agreement with experimental data. Our calculations show that the dominant destabilizing mechanism is a competition between capillarity and inertia but that deceleration of the rim provides an additional boost to growth. We also predict over the entire parameter range of our study the number and timescale for formation of secondary droplets formed during a splash, based on the assumption that the most unstable mode sets the droplet number.

scholarly journals Comparison between the UV and X-ray Photosensitivities of Hybrid TiO2-SiO2 Thin Layers

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (17) ◽  
pp. 3730
Author(s):  
Maxime Royon ◽  
Francis Vocanson ◽  
Damien Jamon ◽  
Emmanuel Marin ◽  
Adriana Morana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Optical Sensors ◽  
Light Emitting Diode ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Dip Coating ◽  
Thin Layers ◽  
Light Sources ◽  
X Rays ◽  
X Ray ◽  
The Impact

The photo-induced effects on sol–gel-based organo TiO2-SiO2 thin layers deposited by the dip-coating technique have been investigated using two very different light sources: A light-emitting diode (LED) emitting in the UV (at 365 nm, 3.4 eV) and an X-ray tube producing 40 keV mean-energy photons. The impact of adding a photo-initiator (2,2-dimethoxy-2-phenylacetophenone-DMPA) on the sol–gel photosensitivity is characterized namely in terms of the photo-induced refractive index measured through M-line spectroscopy. Results show that both silica-titania sol–gel films with or without the photo-initiator are photosensitive to both photon sources. The induced refractive index values reveal several features where slightly higher refractive indexes are obtained for the sol–gel containing the photo-initiator. UV and X-ray-induced polymerization degrees are discussed using Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy where the densification of hybrid TiO2-SiO2 layers is related to the consumption of the CH=C groups and to the decomposition of Si-OH and Si-O-CH3 bonds. X-rays are more efficient at densifying the TiO2-SiO2 inorganic and organic network with respect to the UV photons. Hard X-ray photolithography, where no cracks or damages are observed after intense exposition, can be a promising technique to design submicronic-structure patterns on TiO2-SiO2 thin layers for the building of optical sensors.

The Structural Characteristics of CIS Thin Films Prepared by Electro-Deposited Method

2013 ◽  
Vol 818 ◽  
pp. 88-91
Author(s):  
Kun Liu ◽  
Ji Sheng Yang ◽  
Rui Li ◽  
Wei Peng ◽  
Shi Pan
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Thin Films ◽  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Raman Spectrum ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Electro Deposition ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Micro Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Deposition Technology

The properties of the absorber layer of solar cell CuInSe2(CIS) thin film made by electro-depostied method were researched in this article. Different concentration of reactant and voltage was applied to prepare the CIS film. The micro-Raman spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD) of CIS film was carried out. A correlation between the linewidth A1 mode of Raman spectrum and the XRD line and the voltage of electro-deposition technology was found.

scholarly journals Synthesis, Characterisation and Antibacterial Properties of Silicone–Silver Thin Film for the Potential of Medical Device Applications

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (21) ◽  
pp. 3822
Author(s):  
Muhammad Faiz Aizamddin ◽  
Mohd Muzamir Mahat ◽  
Zaidah Zainal Zainal Ariffin ◽  
Irwan Samsudin ◽  
Muhammad Syafiek Mohd Razali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Medical Device ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Ag Particles ◽  
Device Applications ◽  
Ag Particle ◽  
Si Thin Film

Silver (Ag) particles have sparked considerable interest in industry and academia, particularly for health and medical applications. Here, we present the “green” and simple synthesis of an Ag particle-based silicone (Si) thin film for medical device applications. Drop-casting and peel-off techniques were used to create an Si thin film containing 10–50% (v/v) of Ag particles. Electro impedance spectroscopy (EIS), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), and tensile tests were used to demonstrate the electrical conductivity, crystallinity, morphology-elemental, and mechanical properties, respectively. The oriented crystalline structure and excellent electronic migration explained the highest conductivity value (1.40 × 10−5 S cm−1) of the 50% Ag–Si thin film. The findings regarding the evolution of the conductive network were supported by the diameter and distribution of Ag particles in the Si film. However, the larger size of the Ag particles in the Si film resulted in a lower tensile stress of 68.23% and an elongation rate of 68.25% compared to the pristine Si film. The antibacterial activity of the Ag–Si film against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Bacillus cereus (B. cereus), Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) was investigated. These findings support Si–Ag thin films’ ability to avoid infection in any medical device application.

scholarly journals Modified statistical dynamical diffraction theory: analysis of model SiGe heterostructures

2013 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 912-918
Author(s):  
P. K. Shreeman ◽  
K. A. Dunn ◽  
S. W. Novak ◽  
R. J. Matyi
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Structural Information ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Diffraction Theory ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Theory Analysis ◽  
Dynamical Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Kinematic Limit

A modified version of the statistical dynamical diffraction theory (mSDDT) permits full-pattern fitting of high-resolution X-ray diffraction scans from thin-film systems across the entire range from fully dynamic to fully kinematic scattering. The mSDDT analysis has been applied to a set of model SiGe/Si thin-film samples in order to define the capabilities of this approach. For defect-free materials that diffract at the dynamic limit, mSDDT analyses return structural information that is consistent with commercial dynamical diffraction simulation software. As defect levels increase and the diffraction characteristics shift towards the kinematic limit, the mSDDT provides new insights into the structural characteristics of these materials.

scholarly journals Cold Plasma Synthesis and Testing of NiOX-Based Thin-Film Catalysts for CO2 Methanation

Catalysts ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 905
Author(s):  
Martyna Smolarek ◽  
Hanna Kierzkowska-Pawlak ◽  
Ryszard Kapica ◽  
Maciej Fronczak ◽  
Maciej Sitarz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Cold Plasma ◽  
Tubular Reactor ◽  
Plasma Synthesis ◽  
Co2 Methanation ◽  
Important Conclusion ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Thin Film Catalysts

An essential problem in managing CO2 and transforming it into methane as a useful fuel is the quest for adequately efficient and cheap catalysts. Another condition is imposed by the new designs of structured reactors, which require catalysts in the form of the thinnest possible films. The aim of this work was to produce Ni-based thin-film catalysts by the cold plasma deposition method (PECVD) from a volatile metal complex (Ni(CO)4) and to study their structure and catalytic properties in the CO2 methanation process. We tested three basic types of films: as-deposited, calcined in Ar, and calcined in air. The nanostructure and molecular structure of the films were investigated by electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The catalytic activity was evaluated in the methanation process (CO2 + H2), which was performed in a tubular reactor operating in the temperature range of 300–400 °C. The films calcined in air showed the highest activity in this process but behaved unstably. However, their regeneration by recalcination in air restored the initial catalytic activity. An important conclusion emerged from the obtained results, namely that the active phase in the tested films is Ni3+ (most likely in the form of Ni2O3), contrary to the common opinion that this phase is metallic Ni0. In our case, Ni0 quenches the catalytic activity.

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