scholarly journals Origin of TPHs and PAHs in Marine Sediment nearby Oil and Gas Extraction Sites on the West Coast of Qatar

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Abdulali Abdulla ◽  
Azenith Castillo
Keyword(s):  
Marine Sediment ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Sediment Quality ◽  
Arabian Gulf ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Quality Guidelines ◽  
Coastal Marine ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic

Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons (TPHs) and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) are priority pollutants, which are known to be associated with petroleum products. They are released into the marine environment via accidental spillage, exploration and transportation. The present study aims to investigate the type, origin and weathering of petroleum in the coastal marine sediment of the western coastline of Qatar. Sixty-six surface sediment samples were collected along the western coastal area. The concentrations of organic hydrocarbons (TPHs and PAHs) were determined using GC-FID and GC-MS, respectively. Sediment characteristics including pH, temperature, TOC and particle size were also measured. The results indicated low concentrations of TPH (<0.001-0.246 µg/g dry weight sediment) and PAHs (<0.001-0.044 µg/g dry weight sediment). The concentrations for both organic pollutants were lower compared to the previous studies done within Qatar and in the Arabian Gulf and also indicated below the available permissible limit set by the Ministry of Municipality and Environment of Qatar and other Sediment Quality Guidelines (SQGs) used worldwide (NOAA). Pollution concentration profile is site specific where concentrations are high within the proximity of the source and derived from both direct inputs of petrogenic and pyrogenic contribution.

scholarly journals Assessment of TPHs and PAHs in the Marine Sediment Relating to Oil and Gas Extraction activity on the western coastline of Qatar

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Abdulali Abdulla
Keyword(s):  
Marine Sediment ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Sediment Quality ◽  
Arabian Gulf ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Gas Extraction ◽  
Quality Guidelines ◽  
The Impact

Total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPHs) and Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are priority pollutants which are known to be associated with petroleum products. They are released into the marine environment via accidental spillage, exploration and transportation. The present study aims to assess the impact of petroleum and gas extraction activities on the pollution of coastal marine sediment of the western coastline of Qatar. Sixty-six surface sediment samples were collected along the western coastal area. The concentration of organic hydrocarbons (TPHs and PAHs) were determined using GC-FID and GC-MS, respectively. Sediment characteristics including pH, temperature, TOC and particle size were also measured. The results indicated low concentrations of TPH (<0.001-0.246 μg/g dry weight sediment) and PAHs (<0.001-0.044 μg/g dry weight sediment). The concentrations for both organic pollutants were lower compared to the previous studies done within Qatar and in the Arabian Gulf and also indicated below the available permissible limit set by the Ministry of Municipality and Environment of Qatar and other sediment quality guidelines (SQGs) used worldwide (NOAA).

A Geochemical and Biological Basis for Marine Sediment Quality Guidelines

1998 ◽  
Vol 14 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 173-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Bewers ◽  
J. M. Osborne ◽  
D. H. Loring ◽  
M. Porebski
Keyword(s):  
Marine Sediment ◽  
Sediment Quality ◽  
Sediment Quality Guidelines ◽  
Biological Basis ◽  
Quality Guidelines ◽  
Marine Sediment Quality

scholarly journals Estimation of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Pollution in Mediterranean Sea from Volturno River, Southern Italy: Distribution, Risk Assessment and Loads

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 1383
Author(s):  
Paolo Montuori ◽  
Elvira De Rosa ◽  
Fabiana Di Duca ◽  
Donatella Paola Provvisiero ◽  
Pasquale Sarnacchiaro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Sediment Quality ◽  
Sediment Samples ◽  
Quality Guidelines ◽  
Suspended Particulate ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Environmental Integrity ◽  
Volturno River ◽  
Dissolved Phase

This study reports the data on the contamination caused by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) drained from the Volturno River. The seasonal and spatial distribution of PAHs in water and sediment samples was assessed. The 16 PAHs were determined in the water dissolved phase (DP), suspended particulate matter (SPM), and sediments. A multidimensional statistical approach was used to identify three pollution composite indicators. Contaminant discharges of PAHs into the sea were calculated in about 3158.2 kg/year. Total concentrations of PAHs varied in ranges 434.8 to 872.1 ng g−1 and 256.7 to 1686.3 ng L−1 in sediment samples and in water (DP + SPM), respectively. The statistical results indicated that the PAHs mainly had a pyrolytic source. Considering the sediment quality guidelines (SQGs), the water environmental quality standards (USEPA EQS), and risk quotient (RQ), the Volturno River would be considered as an area in which the environmental integrity is possibly at risk.

Distribution and chemical fractionation of arsenic in surficial sediments of the Lami coastal environment in Fiji

2010 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vimlesh Chand ◽  
Surendra Prasad ◽  
Rajendra Prasad
Keyword(s):  
Graphite Furnace ◽  
Sediment Quality ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Strong Acid ◽  
Coastal Environment ◽  
Chemical Fractionation ◽  
Quality Guidelines ◽  
Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption ◽  
Metal Monitoring

A case of arsenic contamination has recently been detected in the Lami coastal environment during the course of a heavy metal monitoring in Fiji's coastal environment. Twenty two surficial sediment samples were sampled during the 2008–2009 period, extracted for arsenic and analysed using graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry. Two sites within the Lami estuary recorded the highest As levels of 334 and 282 mg kg–1 as dry weight in sediments samples, which has greatly exceeded the local and global average background concentrations. Chemical fractionation studies using a standard sequential protocol showed that As is mostly associated with residual (strong acid extractable) phase of the sediments, however significant amounts of As were also detected in bioavailable (exchangeable, water and acid soluble), reducible and oxidisable fractions. Comparison with standard sediment quality guidelines (SQGs) indicate that As levels are likely to be highly toxic to biota, hence further ecotoxicological studies are warranted to evaluate possible environmental effects on the aquatic environment.

Monitoring marine effects of produced formation water discharge in Bass Strait

2019 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Lachlan Barnes ◽  
Katrina Hall ◽  
Craig Blount ◽  
Madelaine Hooper ◽  
David van Senden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Joint Venture ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Water Discharge ◽  
Sediment Quality ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Formation Water ◽  
Diverse Range ◽  
Quality Guidelines ◽  
Benthic Infauna

Esso Australia Pty Ltd (Esso), in a joint venture with BHP Petroleum Pty Ltd, operates 23 oil and gas production platforms and subsea facilities off the Victorian coast near Gippsland, Australia. The underlying reservoirs have multi-darcy sands and a strong aquifer water drive, so in addition to oil and gas, the extraction activities result in substantial amounts of produced formation water (PFW). Following on-platform treatment, PFW containing a variety of hydrocarbons, ions and inorganics, such as calcium, ammonia, sulfate and trace metals, is discharged into the receiving environment. This paper reports on a study undertaken to investigate the potential effects of PFW discharges from two platforms (Tuna (TNA) and West Kingfish (WKF)) on the receiving environment. Four complementary sampling approaches were used to address the objectives of the study: (1) measure and estimate the dilution of Rhodamine FWT dye solution in the receiving environment following injection into the PFW discharge line, (2) collect and analyse undiluted PFW samples before discharge, (3) collect and analyse marine water samples from within the discharge plume and (4) collect and analyse sediment and benthic infauna samples at various distances away from platforms and at reference locations. Results indicate the rate of PFW dilution within the receiving environment is more rapid than predicted by existing numerical models and that the concentration of all analytes present in PFW were below Australian and New Zealand Environment Conservation Council (ANZECC) 2000 guideline trigger values for 80% protection; moreover, with one exception, analytes were not detected above background levels more than 59 m from the platform. With the exception of a few samples containing metals, specifically arsenic, copper, lead, zinc and nickel, concentrations of analytes in the majority of sediment samples collected were below the ANZECC 2000 and revised 2013 sediment quality guidelines. A diverse range of benthic infauna were sampled, with the abundance of a limited number of taxa influenced by distance from individual platforms. No substantial differences in abundances of benthic infauna were detected at distances greater than 1.3 km from TNA and 1.0 km from WKF, compared with reference locations. These results indicate that PFW discharges from TNA and WKF likely represent a low risk to the receiving environment.

scholarly journals Remediation of a Petroleum Hydrocarbon-Contaminated Site by Soil Vapor Extraction: A Full-Scale Case Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 4261
Author(s):  
Claudia Labianca ◽  
Sabino De Gisi ◽  
Francesco Picardi ◽  
Francesco Todaro ◽  
Michele Notarnicola
Keyword(s):  
Petroleum Hydrocarbon ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Soil Vapor Extraction ◽  
Contaminated Site ◽  
Vapor Extraction ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic

Spills, leaks, and other environmental aspects associated with petroleum products cause hazards to human health and ecosystems. Chemicals involved are total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), solvents, pesticides, and other heavy metals. Soil vapor extraction (SVE) is one of the main in-situ technologies currently employed for the remediation of groundwater and vadose zone contaminated with volatile organic compounds (VOCs). The performance of an SVE remediation system was examined for a petroleum hydrocarbon-contaminated site with attention to remediation targets and final performance. The study assessed: (1) the efficiency of a full-scale remediation system and (2) the influence of parameters affecting the treatment system effectiveness. Results showed how VOC concentration in soil was highly reduced after four year treatment with a global effectiveness of 73%. Some soil samples did not reach the environmental threshold limits and, therefore, an extension of the remediation period was required. The soil texture, humidity, permeability, and the category of considered pollutants were found to influence the amount of total extracted VOCs.

Chemical Contaminants in Fish and Sediment Core Samples from the Dnipro River, Ukraine, 1994

1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 489-510 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. L. Lockhart ◽  
C. G. Muir ◽  
P. Wilkinson ◽  
A. Yarechewski ◽  
B.N. Billeck
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Sediment Cores ◽  
Sediment Quality ◽  
Sediment Quality Guidelines ◽  
The Other ◽  
Organochlorine Compounds ◽  
Quality Guidelines ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Cesium 137

Abstract Some aspects of the quality of fish and sediment samples with respect to contamination with organochlorine compounds, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and several metals are addressed. Fish were obtained from three reservoirs: Kyiv, Kremenchuk and Kakhovka. Sediment cores were obtained from Kremenchuk, Zaporizhzhia and Kakhovka. Levels of contaminants in fish showed differences among species within a reservoir and among reservoirs within a species. The major organochlorine compounds found in the fish were DDT and PCBs with levels in the low ng/g range. Fish PCB levels generally tended to be higher in the Upper Kakhovka reservoir than in the other reservoirs and the congener profile suggested a local source of PCBs to that reservoir. Bream from the Kyiv reservoir had higher levels of mercury than bream from the other reservoirs even though they were of relatively small size. Lead-210 profiles in sediment cores suggested that all three cores sampled only recent time; two of the cores extended deeply enough to capture the large increase in cesium-137 from Chernobyl in 1986, and the third consisted only of material deposited after that event. Inputs of cesium-137 were high and there was no indication of decreases since 1986. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in sediments were also high, especially in the Zaporizhzhia reservoir where concentrations consistently exceeded Canadian sediment quality guidelines by sever-alfold. Concentrations were lower in the Kakhovka reservoir but still in excess of guidelines, and they were lower yet at the most upstream core from Kremenchuk reservoir. A similar pattern was evident with several metals in sediments. Concentrations in the core from Zaporizhzhia exceeded those from Kakhovka which in turn exceeded those from Kremenchuk. Concentrations in both Zaporizhzhia and Kakhovka generally exceeded Canadian sediment quality guidelines. The general picture that emerges is one of a system of widespread chemical contamination not only with Chernobyl byproducts but also with hydrocarbons, metals and organochlorines, with significant sources downstream from the Kremenchuk site.

Assessment of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Contaminations in Sediments of Love River Mouth, Taiwan

2013 ◽  
Vol 328 ◽  
pp. 323-327
Author(s):  
Cheng Di Dong ◽  
Chih Feng Chen ◽  
Yi Kuo Chang ◽  
Chiu Wen Chen
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Sediment Quality ◽  
River Mouth ◽  
Diagnostic Ratios ◽  
Mouth Region ◽  
Quality Guidelines ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Pahs Concentration

The surface samples were collected from the Love River mouth, Taiwan and analyzed for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Total PAHs concentrations varied from 785 to 1,893 ng/g dw. The spatial distribution of PAHs reveals that the PAHs concentration is relatively high in the river mouth region, and gradually diminishes toward the harbor region. Diagnostic ratios showed that the possible source of PAHs in the Love River mouth could be petroleum combustion. The toxic equivalent concentrations (TEQcarc) of PAHs varied from 117 to 272 ng TEQ/g dw. Higher total TEQcarc values were found in the river mouth region. As compared with the US Sediment Quality Guidelines (SQGs), the observed levels of PAHs at Love River mouth were lower than the effects range low (ERL), and would probably not exert adverse biological effects.

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