scholarly journals KAJIAN METEOROLOGI TRANSMISI COVID-19 DI PROVINSI DKI JAKARTA

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Abdullah Ali ◽  
Mangapul P. Tambunan ◽  
Rudy P. Tambunan

Intisari Akhir tahun 2019 menjadi awal dari menyebarnya Coronavirus Diseases 2019 (Covid-19) ke seluruh dunia. Virus ini pertama kali ditemukan di Wuhan, Cina karena banyaknya pasien dengan gejala pneumonia, yang diduga berasal dari pasar seafood di Wuhan. Sejak tanggal 2 Maret 2020, kasus Covid-19 pertama kali terkonfirmasi di Provinsi DKI Jakarta, dan menjadi kasus pertama di Indonesia. Hingga bulan Desember 2020, kasus positif  Covid-19 terus mengalami kenaikan. Banyak penelitian dilakukan untuk mengetahui sifat virus, transmisi, dan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi transmisinya, salah satunya adalah faktor meteorologi. Hasil penelitian di Cina dan Iran yang merupakan negara sub tropis menunjukkan bahwa unsur temperatur dan kelembaban relatif memiliki kaitan dengan penambahan jumlah kasus positif. Begitu juga hasil penelitian di Brazil yang merupakan negara tropis menunjukkan bahwa terdapat korelasi negatif antara intensitas radiasi matahari dengan kasus positif. Di Indonesia, penelitian mengenai pengaruh faktor meteorologi terhadap transmisi Covid-19 belum banyak dilakukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji transmisi Covid-19 di Provinsi DKI Jakarta dari sudut pandang meteorologi. Hasil kajian dari data selama 6 bulan menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat pengaruh antara unsur-unsur meteorologi dengan transimisi Covid-19 di Provinsi DKI Jakarta. Distribusi spasial kenaikan kasus harian tidak mengikuti pola perubahan angin, dan nilai koefisien korelasi Pearson untuk unsur kelembaban, temperatur, dan intensitas radiasi matahari memiliki nilai yang sangat kecil.   Abstract The end of 2019 was the beginning of Coronavirus 2019 (Covid-19) spread throughout the world. This virus was first discovered in Wuhan, China, where many patients showed symptoms of pneumonia and are thought to have originated in a seafood market in Wuhan. Since March 2, 2020, the first positive patient was confirmed in DKI Jakarta and became the first case in Indonesia. Until December 2020, positive cases of Covid-19 continued increasing. Many studies have been carried out to find the virus behaviors, transmission, and the factors that influence the transmission, one of which is meteorological factors. Research in China and Iran, which are subtropical countries, shows that temperature and relative humidity strongly correlate with the increasing number of positive cases. Likewise, the research results in Brazil, which is a tropical country, show a negative correlation of solar radiation to positive cases. In Indonesia, research on the influence of meteorological factors on the transmission of Covid-19 has not been widely carried out. This study aims to examine the transmission of Covid-19 in DKI Jakarta from a meteorological perspective. The study results from 6 months of data show no significant influence between meteorological elements and the Covid-19 transmission in DKI Jakarta. The spatial distribution of daily rate increases does not follow the pattern of wind direction changes, and the Pearson correlation coefficient ??for temperature, temperature, and radiation has very small values.

Author(s):  
Paulo Ferreira ◽  
Éder Pereira

The numbers of COVID-19 increase daily, both confirmed cases and deaths. All over the world, shock waves are felt with impacts on economies in general and the financial sector in particular. Aiming to assess the relationship between confirmed cases and deaths and the behaviour of stock markets, the authors perform a dynamic analysis, based on the Pearson correlation coefficient, for 10 of the most affected countries in the world. As expected, they find evidence that the number of COVID-19 cases had a negative effect on stock markets, and that the current second wave is penalizing them. They also find that deaths have a more relevant impact than the number of confirmed cases.


2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 340-347
Author(s):  
Brett Snider ◽  
Bhumi Patel ◽  
Edward McBean

The numbers of novel coronavirus cases continue to grow at an unprecedented rate across the world. Attempts to control the growth of the virus using masks and social-distancing, and, recently, double-masking as well, continue to be difficult to maintain, in part due to the extent of asymptomatic cases. Analyses of large datasets consisting of 219,075 individual cases in Ontario, indicated that asymptomatic and pre-symptomatic cases are substantial in number. Large numbers of cases in children aged 0–9 were asymptomatic or had only one symptom (35.0% and 31.4% of total cases, respectively) and resulted in fever as the most common symptom (30.6% of total cases). COVID-19 cases in children were more likely to be milder symptomatic with cough not seen as frequently as in adults aged over 40, and past research has shown children to be index cases in familial clusters. These findings highlight the importance of targeting asymptomatic and mild infections in the continuing effort to control the spread of COVID-19. The Pearson correlation coefficient between test positivity rates and asymptomatic rates of −0.729 indicates that estimates of the asymptomatic rates should be obtained when the test positivity rates are lowest as the best approach.


2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 4109
Author(s):  
Robert Krzysztofik ◽  
Iwona Kantor-Pietraga ◽  
Tomasz Spórna

The successive phases of the global COVID-19 pandemic show some differences from the first wave in 2020. The most important of these is some experience in responding to its spread and in applying vaccines. However, new, more aggressive variants of COVID-19 mean that the pandemic is often taking on the nature of the one experienced by societies a year ago. So, the knowledge about the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic is still up-to-date—significantly where the essential determinants of its spread have not changed. The article presents the Silesian Voivodeship case in Southern Poland, distinguished by different geographical conditions compared to the entire country. The authors showed the relationship between the spread of the COVID-19 epidemic and the characteristic attributes of the analysed area (post-)mining functions or urban shrinkage. The article conducted a dependence study using the Pearson correlation coefficient and the signs table method. In turn, the authors used thematic cartography to present the results of the analysis. It turned out that two attributes, namely (post-)mining and urban shrinkage, are essential in spreading the epidemic with the region analysed. This conclusion may be essential in implementing national and regional policies related to reducing the COVID-19 pandemic. However, a limitation in the scope of the presented applications is the fact that mining regions, such as the Silesian (Śląskie) Voivodeship, are currently less numerous in the world than, for example, those that develop based on services.


2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 209-215
Author(s):  
Adele Isanazar ◽  
◽  
Mahnaz Fallahi-Khesht Masjedi ◽  
Robabeh Soleimani ◽  
Fatemeh Eslamdoust-Siahestalkhi ◽  
...  

Background: The Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory-Child Version (OCI-CV) is an approved self-report assessment tool that includes various domains of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD). Objectives: This study was done to evaluate the psychometric properties of the OCI-CV in a sample of youth with OCD. Materials & Methods: This was a descriptive-analytic study. The subjects were 107 children and adolescents, 7 to 17 years old admitted to the Shafa hospital and Gill psychiatric center in the north of Iran in 2017-2018. The subjects with the diagnosis of OCD based on a diagnostic interview by a youth psychiatrist based on the DSM-5 were included in the study. They were assessed by the OCI-CV, Revised Children’s Manifest Anxiety Scale (RCMAS), and children depression inventory (CDI). Data were analyzed by SPSS v. 22, using Cronbach alpha, Pearson correlation coefficient, and exploratory factor analysis. Results: Youth with the Mean±SD age 11.18±3.1 years participated in the study. Results showed that 51% of the samples were girls. The internal consistency assessed by the Cronbach alpha for the total scale was 0.75, indicating good reliability. The Pearson correlation coefficient between OCI-CV and RCMAS was 0.584 (P=0.01), and between OCI-CV and CDI was 0.232 (P=0.05), showing an excellent concurrent validity. Construct validity showed that all subscales had a high correlation with the total score of the questionnaire and the correlation coefficient was significant (P<0.05). Conclusion: The Persian version of the OCI-CV has good psychometric characteristics in the clinical sample of youth with OCD.


2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 3228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Binxu Zhai ◽  
Jianguo Chen ◽  
Wenwen Yin ◽  
Zhongliang Huang

Air pollution has become one of the most serious environmental problems in the world. Considering Beijing and six surrounding cities as main research areas, this study takes the daily average pollutant concentrations and meteorological factors from 2 December 2013 to 13 October 2017 into account and studies the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics and the relevant relationship of particulate matter smaller than 2.5 μm (PM2.5) concentrations in Beijing. Based on correlation analysis and geo-statistics techniques, the inter-annual, seasonal, and diurnal variation trends and temporal spatial distribution characteristics of PM2.5 concentration in Beijing are studied. The study results demonstrate that the pollutant concentrations in Beijing exhibit obvious seasonal and cyclical fluctuation patterns. Air pollution is more serious in winter and spring and slightly better in summer and autumn, with the spatial distribution of pollutants fluctuating dramatically in different seasons. The pollution in southern Beijing areas is more serious and the air quality in northern areas is better in general. The diurnal variation of air quality shows a typical seasonal difference and the daily variation of PM2.5 concentrations present a “W” type of mode with twin peaks. Besides emission and accumulation of local pollutants, air quality is easily affected by the transport effect from the southwest. The PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations measured from the city of Langfang are taken as the most important factors of surrounding pollution factors to PM2.5 in Beijing. The concentrations of PM10 and carbon monoxide (CO) concentrations in Beijing are the most significant local influencing factors to PM2.5 in Beijing. Extreme wind speeds and maximal wind speeds are considered to be the most significant meteorological factors affecting the transport of pollutants across the region. When the wind direction is weak southwest wind, the probability of air pollution is greater and when the wind direction is north, the air quality is generally better.


2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Huang Zheng ◽  
Shaofei Kong ◽  
Nan Chen ◽  
Zewei Fan ◽  
Ying Zhang ◽  
...  

AbstractThe result of Aethalometer model to black carbon (BC) source apportionment is highly determined by the absorption Ångström exponent (α) of aerosols from fossil fuel combustion (αff) and wood burning (αwb). A method using hourly measured potassium to calculate the αff and αwb values was developed in this study. Results showed that the optimal αff and αwb were 1.09 and 1.79 for the whole dataset. The optimal α values in the diurnal resolution were also calculated with αff and αwb varied in 1.02 –1.19 and 1.71–1.90, respectively. Using the dynamic α values, the Pearson correlation coefficient between BC and potassium from wood burning substantially improved compared to the results derived from the fixed α values. The method developed in this study is expected to provide more reasonable BC source identification results, which are helpful for air quality, climate, and human health modeling studies.


2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (Special) ◽  

Dubai Health Authority (DHA) is the entity regulating the healthcare sector in the Emirate of Dubai, ensuring high quality and safe healthcare services delivery to the population. The World Health Organization (WHO) declared COVID-19 a pandemic on the 11th of March 2020, indicating to the world that further infection spread is very likely, and alerting countries that they should be ready for possible widespread community transmission. The first case of COVID-19 in the United Arab Emirates was confirmed on 29th of January 2020; since then, the number of cases has continued to grow exponentially. As of 8th of July 2020 (end of the day), 53,045 cases of coronavirus have been confirmed with a death toll of 327 cases. The UAE has conducted over 3,720,000 COVID-19 tests among UAE citizens and residents over the past four months, in line with the government’s plans to strengthen virus screening to contain the spread of COVID-19. There were vital UAE policies, laws, regulations, and decrees that have been announced for immediate implementation to limit the spread of COVID- 19, to prevent panic and to ensure the overall food, nutrition, and well-being are provided. The UAE is amongst the World’s Top 10 for COVID-19 Treatment Efficiency and in the World’s Top 20 for the implementation of COVID-19 Safety measures. The UAE’s mission is to work towards resuming life after COVID-19 and enter into the recovery phases. This policy research paper will discuss the Dubai Health Authority’s rapid response initiatives towards combating the control and spread of COVID-19 and future policy implications and recommendations. The underlying factors and policy options will be discussed in terms of governance, finance, and delivery.


2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Frederich Oscar Lontoh

This research is titled " The influence of sermon, church music and church facilities on the level of attendance”. The purpose of research is to identify and analyze whether sermon, church music and church facilities have influence on the the level of attendance. The target population in this study is a Christian church members who live in the city of Surabaya.. Sample required is equal to 47 respondents. Through sampling stratified Random techniques.These influence was measured using Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression analysis, t-test and analysis of variance. Descriptive  analysis  were taken to analyze the level of attendance according to demographic groups.The hypothesis in this study are the sermon, church music and church facilities have positive and significant on the level of attendance. The results showed that collectively, there are positive and significant correlation among the sermon, church music and church facilities on the level of attendance  96,2%. It means that 96,2 % of level of attendance influenced by sermon, church music and church facilities and the other 28,9% by others. All of the variable partially have significant correlation to level of attendance.


Author(s):  
Isao Okayasu ◽  
Chi-Ok Oh ◽  
Duarte B Morais

Running is one of the most popular activities in the world. Runners’ attitudes and behaviors vary depending on their running style. This study aims to construct different measures of running specialization based on the theory of specialization. This study also tests a runner’s stage of specialization segmentation based on recreation specialization and examines the predictive relationship between a runner’s specialization and event attachment. Three groups of sampling data assess the performance of diverse specialization measures for running in three marathon events. First, two surveys were conducted with marathon participants to assess the performance of diverse specialization measures for runners. Second, the third dataset was used to examine the relationship between a runner’s recreation specialization and event attachment.The study results showed that the 15 measures of specialization showed a good fit to the data. Our research showed how runners’ recreation specialization is connected to their event attachment. In addition, this study suggested event management for subdivisions of runners. Its practical implication is that recreation specialization for running can help us understand event attachment.


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