scholarly journals Kajian Timbulan Limbah Infeksius Rumah Sakit Kota Bandung dan Cimahi

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 138-146
Author(s):  
Venny Ulya Bunga ◽  
Enri Damanhuri
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Stepwise Regression ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Medical Personnel ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Lower Percentage ◽  
Processing Unit ◽  
Waste Generation ◽  
Hospital Data ◽  
Infectious Waste

ABSTRACT The increased activities in hospitals will increase the infectious waste generation. The infectious waste contains pathogenic organisms that can spread disease to humans and the environment. The harmful impact of infectious waste can be minimized through proper waste management, starting from waste generation. This study aims to examine the problem of infectious waste generation: the overall percentage of infectious waste generation in hospitals, the amount of infectious waste generation from each source (processing unit), and analyze factors that significantly affected its generation. This study is expected to be the basis of recommendations for hospitals in handling infectious waste. The study was conducted in four public hospitals in Bandung and Cimahi City. The data consists of infectious waste generation, non-infectious waste (general waste) generation, and hospital data as data factors analyzed for its influence on waste generation. The stepwise regression method was used for factor analysis with 95% CI. The result showed that infectious waste generation had a lower percentage than non-infectious waste, ranging from 38–47%. The treatment rooms that produce the most considerable infectious waste are haemodialysis, operating rooms and inpatients with an average infectious waste generation of 0,08–2,18 kg/patient/day. Thus, the three rooms can become a priority for infectious waste management. Factors that significantly affect the generation of infectious waste are dominated by patients and medical personnel. The importance of this factor is related to waste sorting activities. Therefore, special control by hospital management is needed for these two factors. Keywords: hospital, generation, infectious waste, treatment room, factors   ABSTRAK Peningkatan aktivitas rumah sakit akan diikuti dengan peningkatan timbulan limbah infeksius. Limbah infeksius mengandung organisme patogen yang dapat menyebarkan penyakit bagi manusia dan lingkungan. Dampak limbah infeksius dapat diminimalisir melalui kegiatan pengelolaan limbah yang tepat, dimulai dari timbulan limbah. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji secara mendalam hal seputar timbulan limbah infeksius, dimulai dari persentase timbulan limbah infeksius rumah sakit secara keseluruhan, besaran timbulan limbah infeksius dari setiap sumber (unit perawatan) serta analisa terhadap faktor yang memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap timbulan limbah. Kajian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi dasar rekomendasi untuk pengelolaan limbah infeksius rumah sakit. Penelitian dilakukan di empat rumah sakit umum area Kota Bandung dan Cimahi. Data penelitian terdiri atas timbulan limbah infeksius dan non-infeksius (limbah umum) serta data atribut rumah sakit sebagai data faktor yang dianalisis pengaruhnya terhadap timbulan limbah. Analisis faktor menggunakan metode stepwise regression dengan signifikansi 0,05 (95% CI). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan limbah infeksius memiliki persentase timbulan yang lebih kecil dibandingkan limbah non-infeksius (limbah umum) yaitu kisaran 38–47%. Unit perawatan yang menjadi penghasil limbah infeksius terbesar berasal dari unit haemodialisa, kamar operasi serta rawat inap dengan kisaran rata-rata besaran timbulan limbah infeksius sebesar 0,08–2,18 kg/pasien/hari. Dengan demikian, ketiga unit perawatan tersebut dapat menjadi prioritas pengelolaan limbah infeksius. Adapun faktor yang berpengaruh signifikan terhadap timbulan limbah infeksius didominasi oleh faktor jumlah pasien dan jumlah staf medis. Signifikan faktor ini berkaitan dengan kegiatan pemilahan limbah sehingga perlu pengendalian khusus poleh pihak rumah sakit terhadap kedua faktor tersebut. Kata kunci: rumah sakit, timbulan, limbah infeksius, unit perawatan, faktor

scholarly journals Effect of COVID-19 pandemic on medical waste management: a case study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roshanak Rezaei Kalantary ◽  
Arsalan Jamshidi ◽  
Mohammad Mehdi Golbini Mofrad ◽  
Ahmad Jonidi Jafari ◽  
Neda Heidari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Medical Waste ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Waste Generation ◽  
Waste Composition ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
Solid Waste Generation ◽  
Medical Waste Management ◽  
Infectious Waste

AbstractCovid-19 Pandemic leads to medical services for the society all over the world. The Covid-19 pandemic influence the waste management and specially medical waste management. In this study, the effect of the Covid-19 outbreak on medical waste was evaluated via assessing the solid waste generation, composition, and management status in five hospitals in Iran. The results indicated that the epidemic Covid-19 leads to increased waste generation on average 102.2 % in both private and public hospitals. In addition, the ratio of infectious waste in the studied hospitals increased by an average of 9 % in medical waste composition and 121 % compared with before COVID-19 pandemic. Changes in plans and management measurement such as increasing the frequency of waste collection per week leads to lower the risk of infection transmission from medical waste in the studied hospitals. The results obtained from the present research clearly show the changes in medical waste generation and waste composition within pandemic Covid-19. In addition, established new ward, Covid-19 ward with high-infected waste led to new challenges which should be managed properly by change in routine activities.

scholarly journals Assessment of Waste Generation Rate in Teaching Hospitals of Metropolitan City of Pakistan

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. 1809-1821
Author(s):  
Samita Arub ◽  
Sajid Rashid Ahmad ◽  
Sana Ashraf ◽  
Zahra Majid ◽  
Sadia Rahat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Hospital Staff ◽  
Generation Rate ◽  
Teaching Hospitals ◽  
Waste Generation ◽  
Waste Collection ◽  
Waste Segregation ◽  
Infectious Waste ◽  
Waste Generation Rate ◽  
Collection Practices

Hospital waste management is of vital significance owing to its contagious and hazardous nature as it can produce detrimental effects for both humans and the environment. This work aimed to examine types of waste with respect to waste generation rate in multiple teaching hospitals of metropolitan Lahore. A structured questionnaire survey, site visits, interviews and meetings were conducted in seventeen teaching hospitals. The results have shown that total hospitals average waste, infectious, non-infectious and waste generation rate in Lahore teaching hospitals were 38978 kg/day, 10789 kg/day, 28189 kg/day and 3.7 kg/bed/day, respectively. It is concluded that maximum waste generated in Mayo hospital, Jinnah hospital, Services hospital and Lahore general hospital was 16%, 12%, 12% and 10%, respectively, as per maximum patient’s visits. Positive liner correlation was between number of beds (P=0.917), number of accidents and emergency patients (P=0.75), infectious waste (P=0.998) and (P=1) with total waste. A straight line of linear regression was between (0.9966) infectious waste and (0.9995) general waste with average waste. Although, waste collection practices in these teaching hospitals were observed satisfactory but required training of doctors, nurses and hospital paramedical staff regarding infectious and general waste segregation. It is suggested that hospital staff, waste management and waste collection workers and respective waste management companies should be well trained and aware regarding infectious and non-infectious waste segregation, handling and disposing off procedures.

scholarly journals Review: Medical Waste Management for Covid19

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1si) ◽  
pp. 104
Author(s):  
Hendri Sutrisno ◽  
Fitriana Meilasari
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
Medical Waste ◽  
Health Care Facilities ◽  
Toxic Waste ◽  
Waste Generation ◽  
Chemical Waste ◽  
Pharmaceutical Waste ◽  
Medical Waste Management ◽  
Infectious Waste

Introduction: Medical waste generation during the Covid19 pandemic increased by around 30%. Sources of medical waste generation are health care activities. If medical waste is not appropriately managed, it can pollute the environment and disturb health. The purpose of the review is to identify the potential of medical waste in health-care facilities in Indonesia when the Covid19 pandemic and to review medical waste management in Indonesia. The analysis uses a systematic literature review. Discussion: The potential of medical waste during the Covid19 epidemic is infectious waste (PPE wastes), sharps waste (syringes), chemical waste (expired medicines), and pharmaceutical waste (the used alcohol bottles when rapid tests). The hazardous waste management system refers to Government Regulation No. 101 year 2014 about Management of Hazardous and Toxic Waste and and Regulation of Minister of Environment and Forestry of Republic Indonesia No. P.56/MenlhkSetjen/2015 about Procedures and Technical Requirements for Waste Management Hazardous and Toxic From the Health Service Facilities. Infectious waste, sharps waste, chemical waste, and pharmaceutical waste are destroyed with incinerators. Syringe residues were damaged with a needle shredder. Residue and incineration ashes are processed using solidification. If the heavy metal content under the quality standards, then the waste can be landfill. Conclusion: The potential of medical waste during the Covid19 pandemic is infectious waste, sharps waste, chemical waste, and pharmaceutical waste. Medical waste generated must be appropriately managed. Proper medical waste management can prevent environmental pollution and the spread of disease. One of the processing of potential medical waste is incineration. The incineration system produces residue and ash waste that must further be handled so that it does not pollute the environment and disturb health.

scholarly journals Biomedical waste generation, composition and management: A case study of Shree Maharaja Gulab Singh Hospital (SMGS) Shalamar, Jammu (J&K)

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 596-600
Author(s):  
Sapna Rani ◽  
Raj Kumar Rampal
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Medical Care ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Medical Laboratory ◽  
Waste Generation ◽  
Jammu And Kashmir ◽  
Biomedical Waste ◽  
Infectious Waste

For the life, health and general well-being, good medical care play vital role and hospitals are health institutions that provide these services. Wastes generated from the hospitals, medical care units, blood banks and medical laboratory is called biomedical waste. Proper management of biomedical waste is important for good health of not only the patients but also for residents living in the vicinity of hospitals. The present study, has been made to study biomedical waste management in SMGS Hospital Jammu (Jammu and Kashmir). The average biomedical waste per bed per day of SMGS Hospital was observed to be 116.37g, whereas maximum value of average biomedical waste per bed per day was observed to be 315.61g in Gynecology and  Obstetric, 68.34g in ENT wards, 37.28g in Paedriatic wards and 44.27g in Dermatology wards The average per bed per day biomedical waste generation in SMGS hospital appears to be  is less as compared with work of other workers because their evaluations were based on Biomedical Waste (Management and Handing) Rules, 1998 in which both infectious and non-infectious waste were included whereas present study was based on Bio-Medical Waste Management Rules which included only infectious waste.

Waste Regulation

2019 ◽  
pp. 606-625
Author(s):  
Natalie Jones ◽  
Geert van Calster
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
Circular Economy ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
The United States ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Waste Generation ◽  
Waste Streams ◽  
Waste Hierarchy ◽  
Broad Structure

This chapter examines the structures and principles of waste management law, using several jurisdictions including China, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, the European Union, and the United States for comparison. It first provides an overview of the so-called macrostructures of waste management laws, focusing on three ways in which the broad structure of waste laws can be contrasted: centralized systems versus delegated systems, unified systems versus fragmented systems, and integrated versus specific systems. It then considers the principles of waste management law, with emphasis on approaches taken to define ‘waste’, waste hierarchy, waste streams, and waste classifications. It also describes management principles such as reduction of waste generation, treatment near the source, standards of waste treatment, prohibitions and restrictions of movement, and extended producer responsibility. Finally, it explores the emerging trend of circular economy approaches to waste management.

Management of healthcare waste in circumstances of limited resources: a case study in the hospitals of Nablus city, Palestine

2009 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 305-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Issam A. Al-Khatib ◽  
Yousef S. Al-Qaroot ◽  
Mohammad S. Ali-Shtayeh
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Medical Waste ◽  
Generation Rate ◽  
Waste Generation ◽  
Healthcare Facilities ◽  
Healthcare Waste ◽  
Healthcare Waste Management ◽  
Waste Generation Rate

The objectives of this study were the assessment of healthcare waste management and the characterization of healthcare waste material generated in the hospitals in Nablus city, Palestine, and furthermore, to estimate the prevalence of hepatitis B among the cleaning personnel working in these hospitals. The medical waste generation rate in kg per bed per day was between 0.59 and 0.93 kg bed— 1 day—1. The waste generation rate in the healthcare facilities of Nablus city hospitals was similar to some other developing countries; however, the percentage of medical wastes in the total waste stream was comparatively high. The density of medical waste at the four hospitals studied ranged between 144.9 and 188.4 kg m— 3 with a mean value of 166.7 kg m—3. The waste segregation and handling practices were very poor. Other alternatives for waste treatment rather than incineration such as a locally made autoclave integrated with a shredder should be evaluated and implemented. The system of healthcare waste management in Nablus city is in need of immediate improvement and attention. Formulating rules and guidelines for medical waste and developing strategies for overcoming the obstacles related to waste management should be considered as an urgent matter.

scholarly journals Solid Waste Characterization and Recycling Potential for Decan and Junik Municipality

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mimoza Hyseni Spahiu ◽  
Albona Shala Abazi ◽  
Mergim Panxhaj
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
Waste Generation ◽  
Waste Collection ◽  
Waste Characterization ◽  
Recycling Potential ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Waste Separation

Abstract Solid waste management is one of the most environmentally challenging issues in Kosovo. Still there is not full coverage with waste collection service, there are a lot of illegal dumpsites, very few recycling initiatives and so on. In the study, we have investigated waste generation per day, solid waste characterization and recycling potential in two municipalities of Kosovo – Decan and Junik. The data were collected during 10 days in different locations in order to cover the whole territory of both municipalities. Both municipalities generate almost the same amount of waste per capita/kg/day, have very similar waste characterization when half of the waste is biodegradable. Only by selling recycling type of waste to waste treatment companies both of the municipalities generate incomes that can be used to improve waste management in their territory. So, as far as these municipalities start with waste separation, better waste management will be within their territory.

scholarly journals Estimation of COVID-19 waste generation and composition in Vietnam for pandemic management

2021 ◽  
pp. 0734242X2110528
Author(s):  
Trang DT Nguyen ◽  
Kosuke Kawai ◽  
Toyohiko Nakakubo
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Waste Generation ◽  
Regional Collaboration ◽  
Medical Facilities ◽  
Contaminated Waste

Despite its initial success in COVID-19 pandemic control, Vietnam faces a growing risk of outbreaks as new infection waves driven by the highly contagious Delta variant surge in the region. In the context of preparedness through waste management, this study estimated the rate and quantity of generation and the composition of COVID-19 waste in Vietnam from the supply of resources and equipment. Over a year under COVID, 1486 t of COVID-19 waste was produced from the treatment of isolated COVID-19 patients (4.64 kg bed−1 day−1), quarantine in medical facilities (3.86 kg bed−1 day−1), centralised quarantine (46.43 g bed−1 day−1), testing (50 g test−1) and vaccination (10.46 g shot−1). Plastic dominated the waste at 76.7%, followed by paper. The additional management of waste from households with persons under quarantine is likely to reduce infection caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) – contaminated waste. Thorough assessment is recommended for the establishment of regional collaboration to secure COVID-19 waste treatment capacity. These findings will support COVID-19 waste planning in Vietnam in association with pandemic scenarios and could be used as a reference by other developing countries for pandemic control.

scholarly journals Capacity assessment and implementation analysis of common treatment facility for the management of infectious healthcare waste in rapidly urbanising city of Nepal

2021 ◽  
pp. 0734242X2110139
Author(s):  
Dhundi Raj Pathak ◽  
Suvash Nepal ◽  
Tejendra Thapa ◽  
Nimesh Dhakal ◽  
Pravin Tiwari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
Capacity Assessment ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste Management ◽  
Waste Generation ◽  
Treatment Facility ◽  
Healthcare Waste ◽  
Infectious Waste

This study is one of the first systematic attempts to examine the possibility of a common treatment facility (CTF) to treat infectious healthcare waste (HCW) in Nepal. First, the survey was conducted in 14 healthcare facilities (HFs) ranging from health posts to large hospitals selected from 120 total HFs in Nepalgunj sub-metropolitan city (SMC), a rapidly urbanising city of Nepal to investigate the current practices of HCW management (HCWM) and to estimate the waste generation and characteristics in the different HFs. The result shows that the average unit waste generation rate for health posts, clinics, urban health centres, and hospitals was estimated at 1.397 kg day−1, 1.608 kg day−1, 0.178 kg day−1 and 1.818 kg bed−1 day−1, respectively. Of the total 1242 kg day−1 HCW generated in Nepalgunj SMC, 73% is infected in the current situation, but if fully sorted at source, only 32% of the waste will be infected. Based on these HCW generation data and fraction of infectious waste, including waste management practices, three different scenarios are proposed for the capacity assessment and designing implementation modality of the CTF to treat infectious waste from all HFs of Nepalgunj SMC as a case study where an integrated solid waste management facility including material recovery facility and sanitary landfill site for municipal solid waste management is already in operation. The different implementation analyses are discussed, and the best implementation arrangement has been recommended for the sustainability of the project. This approach can be replicated in other cities alone or regions with many neighbouring cities of Nepal and explores a workable solution for HCWM in the rapidly urbanising cities of developing countries to help them improve their condition.

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