scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF HEAT RELEASE RATE IN ENGINE ROOM FIRES OF 300 GT FERRY RO-RO PASSENGER BY USING WATER MIST SYSTEM AND CO2 SYSTEM

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wira Setiawan ◽  
Distyan Kotanjungan
Keyword(s):  
Heat Release ◽  
Heat Release Rate ◽  
Release Rate ◽  
Fire Suppression ◽  
Water Mist ◽  
Engine Room ◽  
Passenger Ships ◽  
Dynamic Simulator ◽  
Fire Dynamic Simulator ◽  
Suppression System

Based on statistical data in recent years, there are still quite a number of ship accidents due to fires, including on passenger ships. The water mist system is a fire suppression system that allows it to be used in the engine room with the advantage that it can keep the heat production rate low during the extinguishing process and can be operated earlier than the CO2 system. The research is conducted by using fire dynamic simulator in the engine room of a 300 GT ferry ro-ro passenger to compare the heat release rate of fire without an extinguishing system, an existing CO2 system, and a water mist system. The result shows that the CO2 fire suppression system reduces the heat release rate more rapidly to the decay phase at 375 seconds while the water mist takes more than 900 seconds. However, the fully developed phase of the water mist suppression system occurs more quickly than CO2 because the sprinklers are activated shortly after a fire occurs. Unlike water mist, the CO2 system is activated at 60 seconds so that the pre-combustion, growth, flashover, and fully developed phases are at the same HRR and time as the natural one.

scholarly journals Effects of Discharge Area and Atomizing Gas Type in Full Cone Twin-Fluid Atomizer on Extinguishing Performance of Heptane Pool Fire under Two Heat Release Rate Conditions in an Enclosed Chamber

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 3247
Author(s):  
Dong Hwan Kim ◽  
Chi Young Lee ◽  
Chang Bo Oh
Keyword(s):  
Heat Release ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Heat Release Rate ◽  
Release Rate ◽  
Water Mist ◽  
Pool Fire ◽  
Sauter Mean Diameter ◽  
Discharge Area ◽  
Fire Extinguishing ◽  
Enclosed Chamber

In this study, the effects of discharge area and atomizing gas type in a twin-fluid atomizer on heptane pool fire-extinguishing performance were investigated under the heat release rate conditions of 1.17 and 5.23 kW in an enclosed chamber. Large and small full cone twin-fluid atomizers were prepared. Nitrogen and air were used as atomizing gases. With respect to the droplet size of water mist, as the water and air flow rates decreased and increased, respectively, the Sauter mean diameter (SMD) of the water mist decreased. The SMD of large and small atomizers were in the range of approximately 12–60 and 12–49 μm, respectively. With respect to the discharge area effect, the small atomizer exhibited a shorter extinguishing time, lower peak surface temperature, and higher minimum oxygen concentration than the large atomizer. Furthermore, it was observed that the effect of the discharge area on fire-extinguishing performance is dominant under certain flow rate conditions. With respect to the atomizing gas type effect, nitrogen and air appeared to exhibit nearly similar extinguishing times, peak surface temperatures, and minimum oxygen concentrations under most flow rate conditions. Based on the present and previous studies, it was revealed that the effect of atomizing gas type on fire-extinguishing performance is dependent on the relative positions of the discharged flow and fire source.

Experimental Study on Water Mist Suppression of Poly(Methyl Methacrylate) PMMA Fires

Volume 4 ◽  
2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Yao ◽  
J. Qin ◽  
W. K. Chow
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Methacrylate ◽  
Heat Release ◽  
Heat Release Rate ◽  
Release Rate ◽  
Water Mist ◽  
Doppler Velocimetry ◽  
Confined Space ◽  
Surface Cooling ◽  
Fuel Surface ◽  
Poly Methyl Methacrylate

Suppression of Poly(methyl methacrylate) PMMA fires by water mist will be studied in this paper. A simple test is developed to study the critical water flow rate under different radiant heat flux. The test is found to be suitable for studying the extinguishment effects of fine water droplets involving oxygen displacement, gas phase and fuel surface cooling. Water mist is generated by a single pressure nozzle, with the water mist characteristics measured by the Laser Doppler Velocimetry or the Adaptive Phase Doppler Velocimetry System (LDV/APV system). The interaction between water mist and the PMMA flame will be studied in a confined space with ventilation control in a cone calorimeter. The heat release rate, oxygen, carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide concentrations, and other important parameters of the interaction under various conditions are measured. It is found that discharging adequate amount of water mist would suppress the diffusion flame in the confined space. Reignition might occur once water mist stopped discharging to the fuel surface. Higher heat release rate and more smoke and toxic gases were produced than from those in first ignition.

Heat release rate of wooden cribs with water application for fire suppression

2018 ◽  
Vol 95 ◽  
pp. 170-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masaki Noaki ◽  
Michael A. Delichatsios ◽  
Jun-ichi Yamaguchi ◽  
Yoshifumi Ohmiya
Keyword(s):  
Heat Release ◽  
Heat Release Rate ◽  
Release Rate ◽  
Fire Suppression ◽  
Water Application

Using Computational Fluid Dynamics Simulation to Perform Fire Investigation

2013 ◽  
Vol 393 ◽  
pp. 845-850 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Shakir Nasif ◽  
Rafat Al-Waked
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Heat Release ◽  
Heat Release Rate ◽  
Release Rate ◽  
Detection System ◽  
Dynamics Simulation ◽  
Smoke Inhalation ◽  
Fire Investigation ◽  
Dynamic Simulator

Fire occurred evening 10thJuly 1989 at Terwindle Rest Home Auckland. Incident report shows that this fire resulted in seven fatalities and extensive fire damage to the building. The primary cause of the death was carbon monoxide poising from smoke inhalation. The fire started at the lounge which contained ten upholstered couches with polyurethane foam padding. Sprinkler fire protection system was not installed and the building has no smoke detection system (based on the New Zealand Building code requirement that was imposed at that time). In this study, the fire is modeled using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) software FDS (Fire Dynamic Simulator). The heat release rate of the fuel burned was obtained from lab measurement of a sofa. The results were validated against the approximate time scale of the progress of the fire as it was found from the fire investigation report. It has been found that FDS can provide accurate simulation to the fire which can be used to perform fire investigation provided that the correct heat release rate of the fire used in the model.

scholarly journals Estimation of Magnitude and Heat Release Rate of Fires Occurring in Historic Buildings-Taking Churches as an Example

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (16) ◽  
pp. 9193
Author(s):  
Wen-Yao Chang ◽  
Chieh-Hsin Tang ◽  
Ching-Yuan Lin
Keyword(s):  
Heat Release ◽  
Heat Release Rate ◽  
Release Rate ◽  
Water Mist ◽  
Smoke Detector ◽  
Fire Dynamics ◽  
Historical Building ◽  
Maximum Heat ◽  
Improvement Measures ◽  
Maximum Heat Release

Historical buildings often fail to meet today’s building and fire protection regulations due to their structure and space restrictions. For this reason, if such buildings encounter fire, serious damage will be resulted. The fire of the Notre-Dame Cathedral in Paris (Notre-Dame de Paris) in April 2019 highlights the seriousness of this problem. In this study, the historical building of “Tamsui Church” was selected as an example. The Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS) was adopted to analyze the scale of damage and possible hazards when the wooden seats in the church are on fire, and improvement measures were proposed to ensure that such buildings can be used under safer conditions. It was found that the existing seat arrangement will cause the spreading of fire, and the maximum heat release rate is 2609.88 kW. The wooden roof frame above the fire source will also start to burn at 402.88 s (6.6 min) after the fire, which will lead to a full-scale fire. To maintain the safety of the historical building, it is necessary to add active firefighting equipment (smoke detector and water mist system).

FULL-SCALE BURNING TESTS ON HEAT RELEASE RATE OF GASOLINE FIRE WITH WATER MIST

2002 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. K. CHOW ◽  
Y. GAO ◽  
H. DONG ◽  
G. ZOU ◽  
L. MENG
Keyword(s):  
Heat Release ◽  
Heat Release Rate ◽  
Release Rate ◽  
Water Mist ◽  
Full Scale
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