scholarly journals The Epistemological Diversity of Canadian Socology

2016 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 525-556 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Michalski
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Large Measure ◽  
The Social ◽  
Sociology Departments ◽  
Survey Responses ◽  
Qualitative Responses ◽  
Key Questions

The current paper presents the results of a national survey of 190 full-time members of Canadian sociology departments to examine the state of the discipline in 2014-15. The paper focuses on the extent of epistemological diversity in an effort to answer two key questions. First, what intellectual perspectives prevail among Canadian sociologists and, along these lines, does any particular perspective hold greater prominence? Second, what might explain the variation in the epistemological stances most commonly endorsed? The evidence reveals a preponderance of critical and feminist scholars, which can be explained in large measure by considering the social locations of sociological practitioners. The results of a logistic regression model confirm that gender, generation, geography, and disciplinary genre are significant predictors of critical and critical-feminist orientations. A discussion of qualitative responses fleshes out the dominant themes that Canadian scholars expressed in their survey responses.

scholarly journals Prevalence of, and risk factors for, cognitive impairment in lacunar stroke

2022 ◽  
pp. 174749302110649
Author(s):  
Laura Ohlmeier ◽  
Stefania Nannoni ◽  
Claudia Pallucca ◽  
Robin B Brown ◽  
Laurence Loubiere ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Lacunar Stroke ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Increased Risk

Background: Small vessel disease (SVD) is associated with vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) but why VCI occurs in some, but not other patients, is uncertain. We determined the prevalence of, and risk factors for, VCI in a large cohort of patients with lacunar stroke. Methods: Participants with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-confirmed lacunar stroke were recruited in the multicenter DNA Lacunar 2 study and compared with healthy controls. A logistic regression model was used to determine which vascular risk factors and MRI parameters were independent predictors of VCI, assessed using the Brief Memory and Executive Test (BMET). Results: A total of 912 lacunar stroke patients and 425 controls were included, with mean ( SD) age of 64.6 (12.26) and 64.7 (12.29) years, respectively. VCI was detected in 38.8% lacunar patients and 13.4% controls. In a logistic regression model, diabetes mellitus (odds ratio (OR) = 1.98 (95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.40–2.80), p < 0.001) and higher body mass index (BMI) (OR = 1.03 (95% CI = 1.00–1.05), p = 0.029) were independently associated with increased risk of VCI, and years of full-time education with lower risk (OR = 0.92 (95% CI = 0.86–0.99), p = 0.018). When entering both lacune count and white matter hyperintensity (WMH) in the same logistic regression model, only WMH grade was significantly associated with VCI (OR = 1.46 (95% CI = 1.24–1.72), p < 0.001). Conclusion: VCI is common in lacunar stroke patients, affecting almost 40%. This prevalence suggests that it should be routinely screened for in clinical practice. Risk factors for VCI in patients with lacunar stroke include diabetes mellitus, depressive symptoms, higher BMI, and WMH severity, while education is protective.

Truck Driver Turnover

2018 ◽  
pp. 382-404 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Scott Nadler ◽  
John F. Kros
Keyword(s):  
Social Psychology ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Theoretical Approach ◽  
Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Reasoned Action ◽  
The Social ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Psychology Literature ◽  
Managerial Perspective

The purpose of this chapter is to identify those constructs that lead to driver turnover and to develop a logistic regression model to assist in predicting driver turnover. Interviews with drivers were conducted with 154 drivers at large truck stops. The theory of reasoned action (TRA), originating in the social psychology literature, is the theoretical approach in this study. This chapter makes contributions in two areas. From a managerial perspective, the study results indicate that companies can use a technique such as logistic regression as part of their driver-retention efforts in order to create competitive advantage by increasing efficiency and cutting costs. The resulting logistic regression model provides a concrete tool for analyzing driver turnover. Based on four factors, the model accounts for 84% of the variance and accurately predicts which drivers or driver classes are most at risk of turning over.

Bypassing the Patronage Trap: Evidence from Delhi Assembly Election 2020

2021 ◽  
pp. 232102302110430
Author(s):  
Ankita Barthwal ◽  
Asim Ali
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Logistic Regression Model ◽  
The Other ◽  
Relative Advantage ◽  
Patronage Politics ◽  
The Social

Scholars have long theorized on the limits of patronage politics and the possibility of counter-mobilization it produces against clientelist strategies. Analysing the recent win of the Aam Aadmi Party in the 2020 Assembly election in Delhi, this article shows that programmatic policies of welfare can help parties to circumvent this trap and avoid targeted patronage networks. We find that this broad-based appeal increases the social base of the party to even include those segments of voters who remain aloof to patronage-based exchanges. Additionally, we test the salience of majoritarian issues in the presence of universal welfare. We find that by locating themselves on issue positions of relative advantage, and reducing the ideological distance with their chief competitor, a policy-focussed party may capture not just ideology-agnostic, but also peripheral voters who might be opposed to the other challenger. Using a logistic regression model, we find that policy concerns catapulted AAP to victory, while its ideological distance from the BJP added to this. Our analysis has significance for understanding the underlying changes to patronage-based linkages, especially in the presence of heightened ethnic appeals that increasingly characterizes electoral contexts in the country.

scholarly journals Work absence and multimorbidity in Portugal: results from the 1st National Health Examination Survey

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
J Matos ◽  
C Matias Dias ◽  
A Félix
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
National Health ◽  
Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Health Examination ◽  
Work Absence ◽  
Health Examination Survey ◽  
Absence From Work ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Studies on the impact of patients with multimorbidity in the absence of work indicate that the number and type of chronic diseases may increase absenteeism and that the risk of absence from work is higher in people with two or more chronic diseases. This study analyzed the association between multimorbidity and greater frequency and duration of work absence in the portuguese population between the ages of 25 and 65 during 2015. Methods This is an epidemiological, observational, cross-sectional study with an analytical component that has its source of information from the 1st National Health Examination Survey. The study analyzed univariate, bivariate and multivariate variables under study. A multivariate logistic regression model was constructed. Results The prevalence of absenteeism was 55,1%. Education showed an association with absence of work (p = 0,0157), as well as professional activity (p = 0,0086). It wasn't possible to verify association between the presence of chronic diseases (p = 0,9358) or the presence of multimorbidity (p = 0,4309) with absence of work. The prevalence of multimorbidity was 31,8%. There was association between age (p &lt; 0,0001), education (p &lt; 0,001) and yield (p = 0,0009) and multimorbidity. There is no increase in the number of days of absence from work due to the increase in the number of chronic diseases. In the optimized logistic regression model the only variables that demonstrated association with the variable labor absence were age (p = 0,0391) and education (0,0089). Conclusions The scientific evidence generated will contribute to the current discussion on the need for the health and social security system to develop policies to patients with multimorbidity. Key messages The prevalence of absenteeism and multimorbidity in Portugal was respectively 55,1% and 31,8%. In the optimized model age and education demonstrated association with the variable labor absence.

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