scholarly journals Membangun dari Pinggiran: Tinjauan dari Perspektif Ilmu Ekonomi Regional

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 42
Author(s):  
D. S. PRIYARSONO
Keyword(s):  
Regional Development ◽  
World Bank ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Literature Survey ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Urbanization Level ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Regional Development Strategies

Based on the experiences of various countries that were analyzed by the World Bank, regional development strategies can be classified into three classes based on the urbanization level (low, middle, high), i. e., to increase density (to create economies of concentration), to reduce distance (to develop connectivity), and to overcome division (to handle slump areas and the accompanying problems), respectively. The policy of “to develop from the periphery” can be interpreted as a strategy to increase the intensity of economic activities particularly in rural areas in order to create economies of concentration, i.e., cost savings and other benefits that are created by the concentration of economic activities in a region. This policy has been embarked simultaneously with a very big scale of infrastructures development, especially those related to transportation (roads, seaports, and airports). This article reports the results of a literature survey on regional development theories that are related with the policy. This article also discusses the Indonesian economic situations in which the policy has been implemented. In the later part of the article several research questions are formulated suggesting directions of further studies for empirically testing the hypotheses that can be derived from the research questions, especially those related with the implementation of “to develop from the periphery” policy.

scholarly journals Poverty and Inequality during the Adjustment Decade: Empirical Findings from Household Surveys

2003 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haroon Jamal
Keyword(s):  
World Bank ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Structural Adjustment ◽  
Poverty Index ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
Poverty And Inequality ◽  
Welfare And Poverty ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Dynamic Decomposition

This paper investigates the dynamics of poverty and inequality in Pakistan over the period 1988-1999. The year 1988 was the year of the first formal Structural Adjustment Lending (SAL) from the World Bank and the IMF. Thus, this analysis facilitates the debate regarding the impact of SAL on household welfare and poverty. This is done by analysing changes in poverty and inequality from two comparable household income and expenditure surveys conducted by the Federal Bureau of Statistics. Our findings show an increase both in the Gini coefficient from 0.34 to 0.38 and poverty incidence from 24 to 30. The dynamic decomposition of the poverty index indicates the relative importance of growth and redistribution effects in explaining the changes in poverty. The analysis reveals that increase in poverty can mainly be attributed to low economic growth during the decade especially in the rural areas.

Can communication satellites overcome crippling educational deficits in the poorest nations?

1975 ◽  
Vol 345 (1643) ◽  
pp. 591-600
Keyword(s):  
World Bank ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Educational Software ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Learning Opportunities ◽  
Practical Reasons ◽  
Learning Needs ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
The World ◽  
Great Solution

The world’s most massive and urgent educational needs today-not simply for schools but for many other kinds of learning opportunities, for children and adults alike - centre in the rural areas of poorer nations. To meet these basic rural learning needs will certainly require, among other things, far more extensive use of low cost mass media and much greater investment in relevant, dynamic and effective educational software. It is tempting, therefore, to hail communication satellites as the ‘great solution’. But unfortunately, for a variety of practical reasons which will be explained in the paper, satellite delivery systems are unlikely to be able over the next 10 to 20 years to contribute more than marginally to meeting these massive and highly diverse rural learning needs. This conclusion is arrived at reluctantly on the basis of recent I.C.E.D. studies of education for rural development commissioned by the World Bank of U.N.I.C.E.F.

scholarly journals DINAMIKA SOSIAL EKONOMI MASYARAKAT SEKITAR HUTAN DALAM HUBUNGANNYA DENGAN MODEL PENGELOLAAN HUTAN PRODUKSI DAN SISTEM TPTII DALAM KERANGKA REDD

PERENNIAL ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Gusti Hardiansyah ◽  
Rizaldi Boer ◽  
Cecep Kusmana ◽  
Dudung Darusman
Keyword(s):  
World Bank ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Carbon Trading ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Intensive Silviculture ◽  
Central Kalimantan ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
Carbon Framework ◽  
The World ◽  
The Impact

This study was conducted in the area of Intensive Silviculture/ TPTII of PT Sari Bumi Kusuma in Central Kalimantan. Research purposes to analyze the impact and build social economic activities from TPTII silvicultural systems in the scope of carbon trading. The results of the analysis showed that the increase of TPTII activities lead to the increasing recognition of indigenous people and make condusive certainty of the business. However, the employment negatively correlated to the size of planting area, the minimum life needs are still at least low compared with the poverty standard of the World Bank. Based on the results of the analysis and projections indicate that scenario increasing community development/ PMDH and implementation of a continuous TPTII can press shifting cultivation growing rate of deforestation and degradation in the year to 50, as compared to no guidance of other parties and TPTII activities. In term of Carbon Conservation that community love to plant attractively is rubber, meranti and tengkawang. Compensation value for carbon conservation feasible for the community of Rp. 380.000/month/family. To involve the community directly in conservation activities in the carbon framework of REDD, then suggested to the program within the community, increasing the number and skills of communities and local labor, desimination activities of TPTII to the community, and providing a compensation fund can be derived from the DR/Reforestation Fee or other source of funds. Key words: Customary recognition, conflict, business certainty, carbon conservation, compensation

scholarly journals The Role of Small Scale Enterprises in Poverty Reduction in Rural Areas of Sokoto State

2014 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 197-203
Author(s):  
Sirajo Abubakar Ibrahim ◽  
Zayyanu Ladan
Keyword(s):  
World Bank ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Poverty Line ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
National Bureau ◽  
Absolute Poverty ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
The World

Poverty reduction is a major goal and issue for many international organizations such as the United Nations and the World Bank. The World Bank estimated 1.29 billion people were living in absolute poverty in 2008. This is more obvious with the regard to Nigeria where it was estimated about 70 % (2010) of the population are living below poverty line. Similarly, the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) recently released the figure in 2013., which indicate Sokoto state as having highest incidence of poverty, with 81.2 % poverty rate. The pressure of poverty and the absence of any other income earning activity during the dry season force the people in these area of the North Western part of Sokoto on Migration after every raining season across the country, in order to sustain their livelihood. This paper is of the opinion that rural dwellers can be self reliant within their locality by utilizing the available resources as well as establishing some new business ideas for small scale business as a strategy in poverty reduction and controlling high migration rate. Similarly the paper recommend among others, the effective enlightenment awareness and motivation on the role of boosting the economic development of the rural areas.

scholarly journals Working Poor in Modern Russia

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 556-570 ◽  
Author(s):  
Igor Ashmarov
Keyword(s):  
World Bank ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Working Poor ◽  
Wide Spread ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
National Characteristics ◽  
The World ◽  
Work Functions ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas ◽  
Poor Population

The problem considered in the article is the problem of poverty, as well as the problem of citizens who are called the new poor or the working poor in Russia today. Unfortunately, there are no statistics on the working poor, in our country but we believe that this is a very large part of the population of modern Russia. The article reveals in detail the concept of poverty, considers the phenomenon of poverty in Russia, as well as the national traits of poverty in our country and shows its national characteristics. We attributed to them such traits as wide spread of poverty in Russia, both in urban and rural areas; also, women are referred to the poor population most frequently, the ones who are left with their children without any financial support on the part of their spouses. Russias economy has faced a unique phenomenon of the working poor. The employees who perform their work functions in their workplaces get so low payment for their work that they can be regarded as the working poor. The article brings forth international statistics on poverty in Russia, the source of which being objective information of the World Bank as a UN institution. On this basis, it keeps track of the dynamics of poverty in Russia and draws the corresponding findings and the conclusion.

scholarly journals Regional Development and Effects of Investment Banks

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 48
Author(s):  
Ismail Erkan Celik ◽  
Umit Hacioglu ◽  
Hasan Dincer
Keyword(s):  
Regional Development ◽  
World Bank ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
International Investment ◽  
Development Bank ◽  
Investment Projects ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
The World ◽  
European Investment

<p>The World Bank is the most important financier for international investment. The bank opens credits mostly for investment projects in developing countries. Turkey has received various investment credits since its membership to the World Bank on March 11, 1947. The credits were used for economic and social domains. Turkey has also been granted credits from the European Investment Bank (EIB). The credits received are composed of micro credits that belong to small and medium enterprises (SMEs). A regional development bank, Islamic Development Bank, has also received credits through Eximbank and Industrial Development Bank of Turkey (TSKB) to finance Turkish SMEs. This paper deals with Turkish investment strategies in the framework of basic principles of investment – development banks.</p>

scholarly journals Data Mining Approach in Determining the Relationships Between the Economy and the General Government Sector Size

e-Finanse ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Tomasz Skica ◽  
Jacek Rodzinka ◽  
Teresa Mroczek
Keyword(s):  
World Bank ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Data Mining Approach ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
Government Sector ◽  
General Government ◽  
The World ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Bayes Networks

Abstract This article is dedicated to a study of the relations between the economy and the size of the general government sector. The main aim of the article is an identification of the most important variables that are used to determine relations between the economy and size of the sector, as well as to identify frequency of their occurrences in relations to pairs of variables which describe an economy and the size of the sector. In order to explore these relations, the authors used Bayes networks. The economies of EU member states and their public finance systems were the object of analyses in this article. The period that was selected for the research covered the years 2000-2013 (inclusive). In order to describe economies, the authors selected 18 variables, whereas to describe the general government sector - 15 variables. These variables were sourced from databases of Eurostat, OECD and the World Bank. Among an economy’s measures and general government sector measures, there were also some benchmarks found (standard and classic) as well as measures proposed by the authors, which had not been used in the scientific descriptions that were dedicated to research on size of the general government sector. Ipso facto, this article fits in the discussion on not only the size of the general government sector, but also attempts to answer the question of whether the economy determines the size of the sector. To date, the research questions on the impact of the size of the general government sector on the economy of a particular country have been common. This article inverts the investigated dependence and its content concentrates on the attempt to determine if the size of the sector in a particular country is a function of its economy expressed by ratios adopted in conducted the research.

scholarly journals Rethinking Regional Development Strategies in Saudi Arabia: Planning Processes, Governance, and Implementation

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 131
Author(s):  
Anas M. Almughairy
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Regional Development ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Regional Planning ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Development Strategies ◽  
Capital Region ◽  
Planning Processes ◽  
Populated Region ◽  
Regional Development Strategies

The Saudi government has engaged in regional planning to develop its 13 regions, reduce disparities between cities and rural areas, and balance resource distribution. In this paper I explore obstacles to regional development in Saudi Arabia and analyze outcomes in light of principles in the literature. I first identify seminal concepts of regional planning processes, governance, and implementation. These concepts are then organized into an evaluative framework for two case studies: Riyadh, the capital region of Saudi Arabia, and Makkah, the country&rsquo;s most populated region. Finally, I present results, draw conclusions from the two cases, and discuss implications for the future of Saudi regional development.

Creditors will seek geopolitical gains in debt talks

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Regional Development ◽  
World Bank ◽  
Capital Flight ◽  
Fiscal Stimulus ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Developed Economies ◽  
Local Currency ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
The World ◽  
Regional Development Banks

Significance Whereas developed economies and China have benefited from USD9tn in fiscal stimulus and USD5tn in liquidity, EMs have less scope because they cannot issue local-currency debt internationally. Many rely on remittances and tourism, which have collapsed, and have suffered capital flight. Impacts Accelerating the approval of IMF membership quota increases before the end-2023 target could ease investor nerves and boost lending. The World Bank and regional development banks are likely to be called upon to lend more. Vulnerable EMs, especially islands, will turn to regional hegemons to keep their economies afloat.

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