Water quality in areas around Galuga Landfill, Bogor Regency, West Java

The research is aimed to analyze leachate, surface water and ground water characteristics around Galuga landfill site, Bogor District. Water samples had been taken in dry season of 2014 and in the end of rainy season of 2015 from several sites in areas around Galuga landfills which included leachate water, surface water, and ground water. Leachate, surface water and ground water had temperature and pH in normal ranges; whereas nitrate and Pb contents were high to very high levels, especially in site adjacent to waste piles. The concentrations decreased in line with increasing distance from waste piles. Higher content of nitrate in leachate occurred in dry season, but in well water it was found in rainy season. Meanwhile, Pb content in well water were high, both in dry and rainy seasons. Concentrations of nitrate and Pb in leachate water were higher than wastewater quality standard, so that the leachate water were not safe to be discharged directly to natural water body. The high content of nitrate and Pb caused the well water unsuitable to be consumed without water treatment processing.

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Analisis Profil Konsentrasi Pb di Air Waduk Saguling

Jurnal Rekayasa Hijau ◽

10.26760/jrh.v2i3.2509 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Ade Arinda ◽

Eka Wardhani

Keyword(s):

Rainy Season ◽

Government Regulation ◽

Water Reservoir ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Quality Standard ◽

Dry Season ◽

Domestic Waste ◽

Water Based ◽

Different Seasons ◽

And Control

ABSTRAKAir Waduk Saguling saat ini menunjukkan penurunan, baik secara kualitas maupun kuantitas akibat aktivitas manusia yang menghasilkan limbah rumah tangga, industri, pertanian, peternakan, perikanan dan pertambangan. Salah satu pencemar di Waduk Saguling adalah logam berat. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis konsentrasi Pb di perairan Waduk Saguling pada musim yang berbeda. Penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder yang diperoleh dari PT Indonesia Power tahun 2008-2017. Data berasal dari tiga kedalaman yaitu kedalaman permukaan, tengah, dan dekat dasar perairan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian menunjukkan konsentrasi Pb di musim kemarau lebih tinggi daripada musim hujan dan sebagian sudah melebihi baku mutu yang mengacu pada Peraturan Pemerintah No. 82 Tahun 2001 tentang Pengelolaan Kualitas Air dan Pengendalian Pencemaran Air untuk logam Pb sebesar 0,03 mg/L. Parameter pendukung yang di analisis yaitu parameter DO, pH, TDS, suhu, kekeruhan, dan kesadahan. Berdasarkan hasil analisis statistik menggunakan PCA, parameter yang paling mempengaruhi konsentrasi Pb di musim kemarau adalah kekeruhan dan suhu sedangkan musim hujan adalah TDS.Kata kunci: Musim, Pb, PCA, Waduk SagulingABSTRACTSaguling Water Reservoir currently shows a decline, both in quality and quantity due to human activities that produce domestic waste, industry, agriculture, livestock, fishery and mining. One of the pollutants in Saguling Reservoir is heavy metal. The research aims to analyze the concentration of Pb in the waters of Saguling Reservoir in different seasons. This research uses secondary data which is obtained from PT Indonesia Power in 2008-2017. The data comes from three depths: surface depth, center, and near bottom of water. Based on the results of the research shows that the concentration of Pb in the dry season is higher than the rainy season and some have exceeded the quality standard which refers to Government Regulation no. 82 of 2001 on the Management of Water Quality and Control of Water Pollution for Pb metal by 0.03 mg/L. The supporting parameters in the analysis are DO, pH, TDS, temperature, turbidity, and hardness parameters. Based on the results of statistical analysis using PCA, the parameters that most influence the concentration of Pb heavy metals in the dry season are turbidity and temperature and rainy season is TDS.Keywords: Season, pb, pca, saguling reservoi

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Hydrogeological, hydrochemical, and natural isotopes evaluation of groundwater and surface water interactions in the alluvial plain, tropical region of southeastern Brazil

10.22541/au.163534840.02185492/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Waldilene Correa ◽

Sueli Pereira ◽

Joaquim Ernesto Bernardes ◽

Paulo Ricardo Pereira

Keyword(s):

Surface Water ◽

Groundwater Flow ◽

Rainy Season ◽

Dry Season ◽

Alluvial Plain ◽

Morphological Features ◽

Southeastern Brazil ◽

Wet Season ◽

Natural Isotopes ◽

Abandoned Meanders

Groundwater-Surface water interactions in alluvial plains facing morphological features are the subject of the study. Considered transitions zones, alluvial plains have different morphological features interfering with groundwater flow and hydrochemistry. The alluvial plain of Mogi Guaçu river (southeastern Brazil) presented topography-controlled groundwater flow, nevertheless, natural levees, wet fields, oxbow lakes, and abandoned meanders can control local flow and interfere in discharges points of the main river. Two sampling water campaigns were done in the dry and wet season for physicochemical and natural isotopes analysis, collecting in total 44 groundwaters samples from monitoring wells and eight water samples from the river, creek, and lake. The groundwaters in wet fields and terraces, and surface waters from creek and lake presented low mineralization (EC from 8 to 37 μS.cm), pH acidic (4.98 to 5.8), and essentially Ca and Na-HCO composition. River waters samples presented pH between 5.92 e 7.69 (acidic in the rainy season and basic in the dry season), and EC from 24.2 and 181.1 μS/cm (lower values in the wet season), Na-HCO and Na-HCO-SO (dry season) and Ca-HCO and Na-HCO (rainy season) compositions. In dry season groundwaters composition showed evolution from sodium mixed (SO – HCO) to bicarbonate waters and higher mineralization; in wet season waters varied from Ca to Na-HCO composition and low mineralization, denoting dilution due to rainwater infiltration. Closer to the river margins, in abandoned meanders and oxbows, the groundwaters have increased values of EC and major ions indicating GW-SW mixtures, and effluent-influent changes (descendent and ascendent flux) in wet and dry seasons, respectively. Natural isotopes in groundwaters imply meteoric origin, without evaporation during recharge and high d-excess can be influenced by continental air masses and Amazonia Basin low-level jet. Shallow water table, permeable silty-sand material of vadose zone, flat terrain, and pristine conditions can contribute to direct infiltration of rainwaters, recharging the shallow aquifer.

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The Corrosivity Level of Rawa Pening Downstream Surface Water in the Dry and Rainy Season

Jurnal Presipitasi Media Komunikasi dan Pengembangan Teknik Lingkungan ◽

10.14710/presipitasi.v17i3.215-222 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (3) ◽

pp. 215-222

Author(s):

Purwono Purwono ◽

Wiharyanto Oktiawan ◽

Titik Istirokhatun ◽

Agus Nurfaiz

Keyword(s):

Surface Water ◽

Rainy Season ◽

Agricultural Land ◽

Ph Value ◽

Dry Season ◽

Hydroelectric Power ◽

Geological Material ◽

Measurement Results ◽

Microbiological Parameters

Corrosion is an important factor that can affect the quality of air used by humans. This has an impact on health and economic factors, damage to air distribution equipment. The level of corrosivity of surface water as raw water for drinking water is important to be examined before the water enters the processing process or other uses such as hydroelectric power (PLTA). This study aims to measure the level of water corrosivity on the surface of the Pening swamp during the dry and rainy seasons in 2018. Taking air samples on the surface of the Pening swamp, then carrying out laboratory tests on the parameters of air corrosivity. The results showed that the downstream surface of the Pening swamp was not corrosive in terms of pH, temperature, TDS, and chloride parameters. The pH value in the dry season (J1) is 7.00, while in the rainy (J2) it is 7.77 and is non-corrosive. The temperature values are 28.6oC and 29.3oC in the rainy and dry seasons, respectively. The TDS measurement results in the dry season are lower than the rainy season by a difference of 12 mg / l. In the dry season it is 141 mg / l and the rainy season is 153 mg / l. This increase probably came from geological material (geological material) such as rocks and soil around the Pening Swamp Lake. Other sources of TDS include urban land, road workers, agricultural land and pasture. Human activities also increase in the increase of TDS in water including domestic activities (bathing and washing), trade, and industry. Chloride levels were 2.19 mg / l and 3.19 mg / l. This research has implications for the users of Sungai Pening Swamp. The corrosivity of air measurement is also by microbiological parameters which need to be investigated further.

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Effects of Depth and Seasons on the Physicochemical and Bacteriological Quality of Selected Well Water Samples in Awka Urban, Anambra State, Nigeria

Asian Journal of Biology ◽

10.9734/ajob/2020/v10i130096 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-28

Author(s):

M. U. Orji ◽

S. C. Onuorah ◽

M. O. Ifemeje ◽

O. R. Umeh

Keyword(s):

Water Samples ◽

Rainy Season ◽

Salmonella Typhi ◽

Dry Season ◽

Well Water ◽

Frequency Of Occurrence ◽

Proteus Vulgaris ◽

Anambra State ◽

Dry Seasons

Background: The people of Awka urban show an increasing trend of using well water resulting to unreliable and quality-compromised water supply. Aim: Effects of depth and seasons on the physicochemical and bacteriological quality of selected well water samples in Awka urban, Anambra State was conducted to determine their quality and suitability for domestic uses. A total of thirty shallow and deep well water samples were collected during the rainy and dry seasons. Methods: Physicochemical analysis was carried out using standard analytical methods. The total bacterial count was determined by dilution method. Results: Some of the physicochemical parameters (PH, dissolved oxygen, nitrate, cadmium, lead and arsenic) exceeded the World Health Organization maximum containment levels indicating that the samples were unfit for domestic uses. The bacterial counts ranged from 2.66 to 3.26 logcfu/ml during the rainy season and 2.54 to 3.20 logcfu/ml during the dry season. The total coliform counts also exceeded the W.H.O levels. Citrobacter freundii, Shigella flexneri, Serratia marcescens, Proteus vulgaris, Vibrio cholerae, Salmonella typhi, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis were isolated during both seasons and identified using standard analytical procedures. The bacterium that had the highest frequency of occurrence during the rainy season was Citrobacter freundii (16.55%) while Salmonella typhi had the highest frequency of occurrence during the dry season (17.69%) respectively. Proteus vulgaris had the least frequency of occurrence 5.41% and 4.62% during the rainy and dry seasons respectively. The results were analyzed statistically using two-way analysis of variance. Higher bacterial counts were recorded in rainy season and shallow wells than dry season and deeper wells. Conclusion: The presence of these bacteria above admissible limits showed that the water lacked proper water management services and may be harmful to humans. There is therefore a need to monitor the well water quality by employing better sanitary practices and subjecting the waters through various forms of water treatments before use to help prevent disease outbreak.

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Heavy Metals Assessment of Abattoir Effluent on Surface Water Quality of River Katsina-Ala of Benue State, Nigeria

International Letters of Chemistry Physics and Astronomy ◽

10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilcpa.49.90 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 49 ◽

pp. 90-98 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Addy Jose Vershima ◽

Kabough Jonathan Terkimbi ◽

Azua Terese ◽

Aliyu Ibrahim

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Water Quality ◽

Heavy Metal ◽

Surface Water ◽

Rainy Season ◽

Metal Content ◽

Surface Water Quality ◽

Dry Season ◽

Heavy Metal Content

Water samples of six sampling sites (two downstream, two abattoir sites and two upstream sites) were analyzed using standard methods to determined and assessed heavy metal content of abattoir effluent on surface water quality of River Katsina-Ala, Benue State, Nigeria for rainy and dry seasons. Rainy season heavy metals results were; Cr6+ (0.032+0.06mg/l); Mn2+ (0.16+0.034mg/l); Cu2+ (0.86 +0.46mg/l); Pb2+(0.006+0.002mg/;Cd2+(0.0023+0.004mg/l) and the dry season results were: Cr6+(0.028+0.007mg/l); Mn2+(0.07+0.05mg/l); Cu2+(0.85+0.16mg/l); Pb2+(0.0030+0.014mg/l); Cd2+(0.0021+0.012mg/). Most heavy metals for both seasons were within the maximum permissible limit set by Federal Ministry of Environment, Nigeria (1991). The mean concentrations of Zn2+(1.70+0.29 mg/l) for rainy season and Zn2+(1.33+0.23mg/l) dry season were above the control and standard safe limits of < 1mg/l FMEnv (1991) for surface water quality. There was no significance difference (p<0.05) between the means from upstream and downstream sites for both seasons; though significance difference (p<0.05) existed at the abattoir sites. River Katsina –ala is slightly polluted. Heavy metal content from effluents from abattoir contributed to upset the physicochemical balance of the river. Bioaccumulation and bio-magnification of heavy metals may occur from prolong usage of the river water for drinking. It is suggested that the abattoir effluent be treated before discharge into the river to reduce environmental and health hazards.

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EFEKTIVITAS PENGELOLAAN IRIGASI DENGAN SUMUR POMPA GUNA MENINGKATKAN POLA TANAM DI KECAMATAN NEGARA, KABUPATEN JEMBRANA

Jurnal Spektran ◽

10.24843/spektran.2016.v04.i01.p09 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Agus Gede Putra Wiryawan ◽

I N Norken ◽

IBN Purbawijaya

Keyword(s):

Surface Water ◽

Ground Water ◽

Rainy Season ◽

River Flow ◽

Irrigation Management ◽

Likert Scale ◽

Generating Set ◽

Purposive Sampling ◽

Descriptive Qualitative

Abstrack : Jembrana Regency especially Negara District have two river caracteristics such as the river which located in western Melaya River only flow when the rainy season and the rivers located between western Klatakan river and eastern Pulukan river flow every years with low discharge. it caused failing of harvest. So the ground water used to supply the surface water needs. But, complaint comes from the farmer caused by the expensive cost of operational generating set. The approach doing by study and research directly to the well pump which located in Negara district. Purposive sampling used to determine the respondents in this quisionaires. Likert scale used to measure attitudes, opinon and perceptions from the respondents on data analyzed by descriptive qualitative. The research showed resource, subak organization, operational and maintenance generating set, pump, and financial. Work on 82% reaching effectiveness of irrigation management with pump well in Negara district. And, based on result of double linier regression simultaneous and partial, showed that the significant effect to effectiveness of irrigation management with pump well in Negara district, Jembrana regency.

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Distributions of Microplastics in Surface Water, Fish, and Sediment in the Vicinity of a Sewage Treatment Plant

Water ◽

10.3390/w12123333 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (12) ◽

pp. 3333

Author(s):

Tae-Jin Park ◽

Seung-Hyun Lee ◽

Myung-Sung Lee ◽

Jae-Kwan Lee ◽

Ji-Hyoung Park ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Surface Water ◽

Rainy Season ◽

Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽

Sewage Treatment ◽

Sewage Treatment Plant ◽

Treatment Plant ◽

Dry Season ◽

Water Fish ◽

Receiving Waters ◽

The Impact

Microplastics are ubiquitously found in freshwater and marine environments worldwide. In particular, wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) or sewage treatment plants (STPs) have been recognized as a main source of microplastics in the receiving freshwater. However, only a few studies have been conducted to examine the impact of these facilities on receiving waters. In this study, we investigated the distribution of microplastics in surface water, fish, and sediment near a sewage treatment plant (STP) in the Tanchon stream, one of the main tributaries flowing into the Han River, Korea. The concentration of microplastics in water varied spatially and temporarily, ranging between 5.3 and 87.3 particles/m3 (31.4 ± 28.5 particles/m3). In fish, the concentration in upstream and downstream sites was 7.3 ± 7.3 and 12.4 ± 17.9 particles/fish, respectively. Spatially, the downstream site was the most polluted with microplastics in water and fish. The concentration of microplastics was positively correlated with fish body length and weight. In sediment, microplastic concentration in upstream and downstream sites was 493.1 ± 136.0 and 380.0 ± 144.2 particles/kg, respectively. The contribution of upstream to the microplastic load in downstream was 15.8% in dry season (April), which was higher than that of STP effluent and Yangjaechon creek. Meanwhile, the highest load was observed in STP effluent (5.1%) in rainy season (August). Microplastics were more abundant in water in the rainy season (37.4 ± 37.0 particles/m3) than in the dry season (28.2 ± 22.2 particles/m3). Polyethylene (49%) and polypropylene (18%) were the most abundant polymer types in water, fish, and sediment. Regarding shape of microplastics, fragments were dominant (95%) over fiber and film in water, fish, and sediment.

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Quality Assessment of Drinking Well Water near Dumpsite at Ogidi-Oloje Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria

Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management ◽

10.4314/jasem.v24i2.19 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 24 (2) ◽

pp. 323-328

Author(s):

K.O. Yusuf ◽

I.B. Sadiku ◽

O.S. Abioye

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Drinking Water ◽

Physicochemical Properties ◽

Water Samples ◽

Rainy Season ◽

Dry Season ◽

Well Water ◽

Cadmium Lead ◽

And Control

This study was conducted to determine the quality of drinking well water near dumpsite at Ogidi-Oloje, Ilorin, Kwara State. Open wells near dumpsite could be polluted due to percolation of chemicals from the decomposition of refuse and scraps of electronic boards having potential of causing diseases to man. Most people at Ogidi-Oloje Ilorin depend on open wells near dumpsite for drinking water during dry season. Water samples were collected from seven open wells (W1 - W6) 9.2 - 18.2 m away from dumpsite and the control well W7 was 45.0 m away from the dumpsite. Physicochemical and bacteriological properties were determined from the water samples during dry season (March, 2019) and rainy season (July, 2019). Phosphate, Cadmium, Lead, Feacal coliform were not detected during dry season but only Feacal coliform was not detected in the water during rainy season. All the values of physicochemical properties of the water were within WHO permissible limits except Iron and Cadmium that above the limits which could cause diseases to mankind. Values of Iron during dry season for six well sources were 3.61, 4.02, 4.26, 3.25, 5.14 and 7.24 mg/L while values for rainy season and control were 0.715, 1.410, 0.650, 0.049, 0.780, 1.110 and 0.775 mg/L(control) but WHO limits is 0.03mg/L. Concentrations of Cadmium in the water during rainy season were 0.010, 0.015, 0.015, 0.020, 0.015, 0.015 and 0.02mg/L(control) but WHO limit is 0.003 mg/L. This study revealed that the water is suitable for consumption during dry season but unsuitable during rainy season. Keywords: well water quality, groundwater pollution, water diseases, dumpsite

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Water Level and the Potentials for Wetland Formation and Sustainability in Lower Ogun River Floodplain, Nigeria

Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management ◽

10.4314/jasem.v24i6.15 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 24 (6) ◽

pp. 1041-1044

Author(s):

I.A. Ogunyemi ◽

O. Oguntoke ◽

C.O. Adeofun

Keyword(s):

Surface Water ◽

Ground Water ◽

Water Table ◽

Rainy Season ◽

Soil Depth ◽

Wetland Management ◽

Water Levels ◽

Groundwater Levels ◽

One Year ◽

Ogun River

Identification, delineation and monitoring of wetlands which requires the understanding and application of their ecological characteristics are critical factors in wetland management and conservation. This study assessed the potentials of wetland formation and sustainability in the lower Ogun river basin by determining the levels of surface and ground water. The study area was divided into 1 km2 grids of 67 units using 0.052 % sampling intensity for the assessments in dry and wet seasons. Monthly water table levels were assessed in 50 cm soil pit while inundation levels were measured during the flooding event using staff gauge. Assessment was carried out for one year during which frequency and periodicity of water table and inundation events were recorded. Results revealed that low water table level ranged from 5 to 45cm of soil depth and occurred between August and September within 6 grids. Water table and surface water was recorded within a period of 2 – 10 weeks during the rainy season. The peak of water levels coincided with the peak of precipitation (> 200 mm) ranging from 30 to 280 cm between September and October while covering 28.75 km2. Conclusively, surface and groundwater levels were recorded during the rainy season having direct variation with the volume of precipitation for a duration that is long enough to support the formation of wetland hydrophytes and hydric soil. Keywords: Wetlands; Hydrology; Ground water; Surface water; Inundation; Precipitation

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Characteristics of Surface Water Quality and Diversity of Zoobenthos in Water Bodies, An Giang Province, Vietnam

Applied Environmental Research ◽

10.35762/aer.2021.43.2.5 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-22

Author(s):

Nguyen T. Giao ◽

Huynh T.H. Nhien ◽

Truong H. Dan

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Surface Water ◽

Rainy Season ◽

Diversity Index ◽

Pearson Correlation ◽

Dry Season ◽

Water Bodies ◽

Average Score ◽

Wet Season ◽

Wiener Diversity Index

The use of zoobenthos to evaluate water quality has gained considerable interest due to its low cost and environmental friendliness. This study analyzed water and zoobenthos samples at 13 sites in the water bodies in An Giang province in the rainy season (on March) and dry season (on September) in 2018. The results showed that the surface water was contaminated by organic matters, suspended solids and coliforms. There was occurrence of 28 species of zoobenthos divided into five classes including Oligochaeta, Polychaeta, Insecta, Gastropoda, and Bivalvia in which Bivalvia was the most diverse class accounting for 75%. The densities of zoobenthos in the dry and wet season were from 30 divided into three clusters for the dry season and six clusters for the rainy season indicating seasonal variation of zoobenthos composition possibly due to variance of water and sediment characteristics. The results of Pearson correlation indicated that the composition of zoobenthos was strongly correlated with temperature, pH, N-NH4+ and N-NO3-. Using water quality index (WQI), Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H’) and associated average score per taxon (ASPT) for water quality assessment revealed that water quality ranges from medium (from α to β- mesosaprobe) to heavy pollution (Polysaprobe). There was inconsistency between using physicochemicals and diversity index of zoobenthos for water quality identification leading to the use of zoobenthos for water indication could result in misadjustment of water quality. Further study should investigate the relationship between zoobenthos and water quality in different ecological areas to better indicate role of zoobenthos in quick diagnose water quality.

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