Descriptive study to assess the knowledge on risk factors of Coronary Artery Disease (CAD)

CAD is the most common type of CVD which is characterized by deposits of lipids within the intima of the coronary artery. CAD is the leading cause of mortality and morbidity in many countries worldwide. The investigators adopted a quantitative approach to assess the knowledge on risk factors of CAD among patients in selected OPDs of M.O.S.C Medical College Hospital, Kolenchery. A descriptive design with non-probability convenience sampling technique was used. 120 clients who have given consent and shown willingness to participate were enrolled in the study. Data was collected by using demographic proforma, and structured knowledge questionnaire The data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The collected data was organized tabulated and analyzed by descriptive [mean, median, mode and standard deviation] and inferential statistics [chi-square test]. The data revealed that the level of knowledge on risk factors of cad among subjects attending selected OPDs, out of 120 samples 30 (25%) have good knowledge, 85 (71%) have average knowledge and only 5 (4%) have poor knowledge. There was significant association between knowledge level and education whereas there was no significant association between age, sex, religion, income, marital status, occupation and food habit.

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The relapse of coronary artery disease in patients with diabetes mellitus at Dr. Ramelan Navy Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia

Journal of Public Health in Africa ◽

10.4081/jphia.2019.1193 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Priyo Mukti Pribadi Winoto ◽

Ahsan Ahsan ◽

Tina Handayani Nasution

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Risk Factors ◽

Coronary Artery Disease ◽

Coronary Artery ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

P Value ◽

Chi Square ◽

History Of ◽

Artery Disease ◽

Chi Square Analysis

The patients with coronary artery disease are susceptible to experience the relapse so that the control towards the risk factors of coronary artery disease is needed such as a history of hypertension, dyslipidemia, suffering from diabetes mellitus, medication adherence, and history of obesity. This study aimed at knowing the relationship between the risk factor of diabetes mellitus and the relapse of coronary artery disease. This study was an analytical observation by using retrospective cohort. The total respondent was 189 people taken by using purposive sampling technique. The finding showed that nearly all patients (82.5%) did not suffer from diabetes mellitus, and most of them (72.5%) experienced the relapse of CAD. The result of the chi-square analysis showed that the p-value of 0.009 < α = 0.05, indicating a significant relationship between Diabetes Mellitus and the relapse of coronary artery disease. The patient with diabetes mellitus has a higher risk of experiencing the relapse of CAD. The nurse should concern and control the risk factors of coronary artery disease that affects the relapse.

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Risk factor Analysis and Angiographic Profiles in First 228 Cases Undergone Coronary Angiography in Cardiac Cath Lab of Dhaka Medical College Hospital

Cardiovascular Journal ◽

10.3329/cardio.v3i2.9179 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 122-125 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

AEMM Islam ◽

M Faruque ◽

AW Chowdhury ◽

HIR Khan ◽

MS Haque ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Myocardial Infarction ◽

Risk Factor ◽

Coronary Angiography ◽

Medical Therapy ◽

Stable Angina ◽

College Hospital ◽

Mortality And Morbidity ◽

Medical College ◽

Single Vessel

Background: Coronary artery diseases are one of the major challenges faced by cardiologists. Control of certain risk factors for CAD is associated with decrease in mortality and morbidity from myocardial infarction and unstable angina. So, identification and taking appropriate measures for primary and secondary prevention of such risk factors is, therefore, of great importance. This retrospective study was carried at the newly set up cath lab in Dhaka Medical college. Materials and Methods: Total 228 consecutive case undergone diagnostic coronary angiogram from 10th January 2007 to31st January 2009 out of which 194(80%) were male and 34 (20%) were female. In both sexes most of the patients were between 41 to 60 years of age. Risk factors of the patients were evaluated. Results: In females commonest risk factor was Diabetes (58.8%) followed by dyslipidaemia (35.3%). In males commonest risk factor was hypertension (30.9%) followed by smoking (29.9%) and diabetes (28.3%). In males 44.3% patients presented with acute myocardial infarction followed by stable angina (43.3%); but in females stable angina was the commonest presentation (50.0%) followed by myocardial infarction (38.2%).CAG findings revealed that in males 33.5% had double vessel disease 26.8% followed by single vessel 26.8% and multivessel disease 25.3%. In females normal CAG was found in 35.5% followed by double vessel 23.5%, multivessel 20.6% and single vessel 20.6%. On the basis of CAG findings; in males 41.8% patients were recommended for CABG, followed by PTCA & stenting 26.3% and medical therapy 30.0%; where as in females 55.9% were recommended for medical therapy , followed by CABG 32.4% and PTCA & stenting11.8%. Conclusion: The commonest presentation of CAD was 4th and 5th decades in both sexes. Diabetes and dyslipidaemia were more common in females whereas hypertension and smoking were more common in males. Myocardial infarction and stable angina were most common presentation in both sexes though in males myocardial infarction was more common. In males the angiographic severity of CAD was more and they were more subjected for CABG in comparison to females. Key words: Risk factors; Coronary angiography. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cardio.v3i2.9179 Cardiovasc. J. 2011; 3(2): 122-125

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An Analysis of Risk Factors Associated with Methamphetamine/ICE use in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

Global Sociological Review ◽

10.31703/gsr.2021(vi-i).15 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol VI (I) ◽

pp. 111-118

Author(s):

Sameer Ul Khaliq Jan ◽

Hamid Alam ◽

Ayub Khan

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Snowball Sampling ◽

Chi Square ◽

Khyber Pakhtunkhwa ◽

Exam Preparation ◽

Frequent Use ◽

Causative Factors ◽

Dependent Variables ◽

Chi Square Test

The present study aims to analyze the causative factors which are responsible for the use of a stimulant drug methamphetamine which is commonly known as ice. For this purpose, data were collected from the two districts, i.e. Peshawar and Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. A conceptual framework consists of Independent variable (ice use frequency) and dependent variables (risk factors). Data was collected through a structured questionnaire from a sample of 180 ice users by a snowball sampling technique. A Chi-square test was applied to examine the association between independent and dependent variables. The results reveal that a significant (p=0.05) association was found between various risk factors, i.e. easy availability, friends insistence, try out new experiences/curiosity, and use of ice for exam preparation with frequent use of ice. The study recommends that awareness may be created through educational, religious institution and media for the prevention and rehabilitation of ice addiction.

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Ectopic pregnancy at the Gambian Tertiary hospital

African Health Sciences ◽

10.4314/ahs.v21i1.38 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

pp. 295-303

Author(s):

Matthew Anyanwu ◽

Grace Titilope

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Ectopic Pregnancy ◽

Tertiary Hospital ◽

Clinical Feature ◽

Chi Square ◽

Mortality And Morbidity ◽

Significant Burden ◽

Incidence Risk ◽

Ectopic Pregnancies ◽

The Tropics

Background/Aims: Ectopic pregnancy is a gynaecological emergency with significant burden of maternal mortality and morbidity in the tropics. The incidence reported in the literature range from 1:60 to 1:250 pregnancies. The aim was to determine incidence and risk factors of ectopic pregnancy in the Gambia. Methodology: A longitudinal study of ectopic pregnancy at Gambian tertiary hospital from January 2016 to April 2018. Data was collected from patients’ folders, entered into SPSS version 20 and analysed with de- scriptive statistics. The test of variation and significance was by ANOVA and Chi-square respectively with error margin set at 0.05 and confidence interval of 95%. Results: A total number of 2562 pregnancies were recorded, 43 were ectopic pregnancies. The estimated incidence was 0.2%. Majority of the patients were between 26 – 35 years (56%), primiparous (32%), heterogeneous marriage (82%) and housewives (86%). Occupation was not associated with ruptured or unruptured ectopic pregnancy (p-0.421). Low parity was associated with more ectopic pregnancy than high parity (p-0.001). The commonest clinical feature was abdominal pain (65.1%), whilst the most prominent risk factors were pelvic inflamma- tory disease (27.9%) and previous abortion (23.3%). Ectopic pregnancy was seasonal. Conclusion: The incidence rate of 0.2% was in the range reported in the literature. Low parity, previous abortion and pelvic inflammatory disease were the risk factors. Keywords: Ectopic; pregnancy; incidence; risk factors.

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Prevalensi dan Faktor Risiko Paramphistomiasis pada Sapi Bali di Distrik Prafi, Kabupaten Manokwari, Provinsi Papua Barat (PREVALENCE AND RISK FACTORS OF PARAMPHISTOMIASIS IN BALI CATTLE IN PRAFI DISTRICT, MANOKWARI REGENCY, WEST PAPUA PROVINCE)

jurnal veteriner ◽

10.19087/jveteriner.2018.19.1.91 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

pp. 91 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Purwaningsih Purwaningsih ◽

Noviyanti Noviyanti ◽

Rizki Pratama Putra

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Animal Feed ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Positive Sample ◽

Bivariate Analysis ◽

Chi Square ◽

West Papua ◽

Bali Cattle ◽

Papua Barat ◽

Livestock Productivity

Paramphistomiasis is a parasiter disease caused by an Paramphistomum sp worms infection. The disease can cause a considerable decline in livestock productivity, therefore it is catagorized as one of economic affected diseases. The aims of this research were to determine the prevalence and distribution of paramphistomiasis in Bali cattle in Prafi District of Manokwari Regency, West Papua Province; and to identify some of the risk factors that associated with the paramphistomiasis prevalence. The research was done between February and March 2016. The feces samples were taken from 369 cattles perrectal were chosen by using proportional random sampling technique at village level. A total of 127 farmer respondents were interviewed. The feces samples were examined with sedimentation test to identify the existence eggs of Paramphistomum sp. based on their morphology. The data were analyzed in univariate to obtain the prevalence by dividing the number of positive sample with the number of samples inspected multiplied by 100%. Then, bivariate analysis was performed by using chi square (c2), and odds ratio (OR). The distribution of paramphistomiasis in Bali cattle that rearing in Prafi District has prevalence value in each village: Udapi Hilir, Desay, Aimasi, and Prafi Mulya was 14.74%; 12.04%; 9.18% and 1.48% respectively. While the prevalence of paramphistomiasis in bali cattle in the Prafi District was 10.03%. Factors of rearing manajemen, such as: combined shed with calve (OR=4.525) and sources of animal feed that taken from the grounds of the house and rice land (OR=4.955) showed a significant influence (P<0.05) on the risk of paramphistomiasis infection.

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Clinical Characteristics and Angiographic Profile of Acute Coronary Syndrome Patients in a Tertiary Hospital of Bangladesh

Bangladesh Heart Journal ◽

10.3329/bhj.v33i1.37018 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 33 (1) ◽

pp. 10-15

Author(s):

Mohsin Ahmed ◽

Khandaker Abu Rubaiyat ◽

Mohammed Abaye Deen Saleh ◽

Abdul Wadud Chowdhury ◽

CM Khudrate E Khuda ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Coronary Artery Disease ◽

Acute Coronary Syndrome ◽

Coronary Artery ◽

Healthy Person ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

College Hospital ◽

Coronary Syndrome ◽

Triple Vessel Disease ◽

Artery Disease

Aims: Coronary artery disease is a devastating disease precisely because an otherwise healthy person in the prime of life may die or become disabled without warning. The objectives were to study the clinical profile, risk factors prevalence, angiographic distribution and severity of coronary artery stenosis in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients admitted in Cardiology Department of Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka.Materials and Methods: A total of 800 patients of ACS were analyzed for various risk factors, angiographic patterns and severity of coronary artery disease at DMCH, Dhaka, Bangladesh.Results: Mean age of presentation was 51.27±8.80 years. Majority were male 628 (78.5%) and rest were females (21.5%). Most patients had ST elevated myocardial infarction (STEMI) 509 (63.6%) followed by non-STEMI (NSTEMI) 207 (25.9%) and Unstable Angina (UA) 84 (10.5%). Risk factors: smoking was present in 388 (48.5%), hypertension in 289 (36.13%), diabetes in 235 (29.38%), dyslipidaemia in 169 (21.13%) and obesity in 356 (44.5%) patients. Singlevessel disease was present in 30.32% patients, Doublevessel disease was present in 23.23% patients and Triple vessel disease was present in 27.15% patients.Conclusion: STEMI was the most common presentation. ACS occurred earlier in comparison to Western population. Smoking was most prevalent risk factor. Diabetic patients had more multivessel disease.Bangladesh Heart Journal 2018; 33(1) : 10-15

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Knowledge of Women on Early Symptoms of Cancer in Rural and Urban Areas of Mangalore

Journal of Health and Allied Sciences NU ◽

10.1055/s-0040-1703546 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 02 (01) ◽

pp. 03-07

Author(s):

Sonia Jacob ◽

Fatima D'Silva

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Rural Women ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Urban Women ◽

Knowledge Score ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Mortality And Morbidity ◽

Early Symptoms

AbstractA descriptive cross sectional survey design was adopted for the study to assess and compare the level of knowledge of women on early symptoms of cancer. The sample consisted of 200 women, 100 from urban area of Jeppu and 100 from rural area of Natekal PHC. Stratified Sampling technique was used for selection of the samples. The data was collected by a demographic pro forma and a knowledge questionnaire which consisted of 23 multiple choice and 11 dichotomous (Yes/No) questions.Reliability of the tool was assessed using split half method and the reliability coefficient was found to be 0.9.Though the overall knowledge score of urban women was comparatively higher (38.26) than their rural counterparts (34.79), It was encouraging to note that rural women (53.6%) had better knowledge regarding risk factors and etiology of cancer when compared to urban women (51.02%).In India cancer related mortality is very high due to lack of awareness of the early symptoms leading to delayed screening and increased exposure rate of the risk factors. Nurses play a significant role in the disease prevention and health promotion of patients with cancer. Educational programs on healthful living with cost effective and motivating teaching strategies can be undertaken for the community so as to curb the mortality and morbidity associated with cancer

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A study of malnutrition and associated risk factors among children of age 06-59 months in urban area of Jabalpur district (M.P.)

International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health ◽

10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20175801 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 296

Author(s):

Nandini Shukla ◽

Neelam A. Toppo ◽

Aditya Thakur ◽

Pradeep Kumar Kasar

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Data Entry ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Childhood Mortality ◽

Economic Sectors ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Mortality And Morbidity ◽

Free Trial ◽

Childhood Malnutrition

Background: “Malnutrition is a silent emergency”. Malnutrition is not only an important cause of childhood mortality and morbidity, but also leads to permanent impairment of both physical and mental growth of those who survive. Methods: Cross sectional study was conducted among 720 children of age group 06-59 months in randomly selected eight wards of Jabalpur District. Multistage random sampling technique was used for the selection of study subjects. Predesigned questionnaire was used to collect data and anthropometric measurements were done. Data entry and analysis was done using Epi Info™ 7.1.5 and SPSS 20.0 (free trial version). Results: The prevalence of underweight, stunting and wasting were found to be 34.3%, 41.5% and 18.9% respectively while the prevalence of obese and overweight was 3.1% and 7.4% respectively. Malnutrition was found to be higher among the children born with low birth weight, having higher birth order, more number of siblings, those with incomplete immunization status and inappropriate feeding practices i.e. lack of exclusive breast feeding and improper weaning. Conclusions: The present study demonstrates the multiple risk factors for childhood malnutrition, encompassing sectors other than health alone like social and economic sectors, requiring multisectoral approach to fight against the silent killer of childhood malnutrition.

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EDUCATION LEVEL AND KNOWLEDGE LEVEL IN OPEN DEFECATION BEHAVIOR

Journal of Research in Public Health Sciences ◽

10.33486/jrphs.v1i2.26 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Purwo Setyo Nugroho ◽

Hesty Wiarisa ◽

Murni Wulandari

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Random Sampling ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Education Level ◽

Knowledge Level ◽

Open Defecation ◽

Chi Square ◽

Level Of Education ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship

Open defecation behavior is a problem for developing countries including Indonesia. This can cause a dirty environment and a source of transmission of diseases such as diarrhea and other infectious diseases. So there needs to be research that analyzes the risk factors for these behaviors. This study aims to analyze the relationship of knowledge and education level to defecation behavior in all areas. A total of 110 family heads were examined and selected using the proportional random sampling technique. The statistical analysis used is Chi Square. The results of the analysis found that there was a relationship between the level of education (value 0.041; OR = 2.576; 95% CI = 1.118-5,934) and knowledge (pvalue 0.001 OR = 4,000; 95% CI = 1.794-8,920) towards open defecation behavior. There needs to be an effort from various parties to be able to increase knowledge through periodic education and the use of health promotion media that can be accessed anytime and anywhere.

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Ankle-brachial Index and associated factors in individuals with coronary artery disease

Revista da Associação Médica Brasileira ◽

10.1590/1806-9282.66.4.407 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 66 (4) ◽

pp. 407-413

Author(s):

Saulo Henrique Salgueiro de Aquino ◽

Isabelle Tenório Melo ◽

Carlos Dornels Freire de Souza ◽

Francisco de Assis Costa

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Risk Factors ◽

Coronary Artery Disease ◽

Coronary Artery ◽

Family History ◽

Ankle Brachial Index ◽

Chi Square ◽

Significant Difference ◽

History Of ◽

Artery Disease

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE Analyzing the association between ABI and the main risk factors for coronary artery disease in coronary patients. METHODS Were selected 156 adult patients from a hospital in Maceió, Alagoas. Were evaluated with risk factors age, obesity, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, smoking, and dyslipidemia. PAOD screening was performed by the ankle-brachial index (ABI). The Mann-Whitney, chi-square, and Fisher’s exact tests were used. Confidence Interval of 95% and a significance of 5%. RESULTS 67.3% (n=105) males, 52.6% (n=82) elderly, 23.1% (n = 34) obese, 72.4% 6% (n=113) hypertensive, 34.6% (n=54) diabetics, 53.2% (n=83) smokers, 34.6% (n=54) dyslipidemic and 70.5% (n=110) with a family history of CAD. 16.7% (n=26) of the individuals presented PAOD. Three factors were associated with PAOD: age group ≥ 60 years (OR:3.656; p=0.005), diabetes mellitus (OR:2.625; p=0.024) and hypertension (OR:5.528; p=0.008). No significant difference was observed in the variables smoking, dyslipidemia, family history of CAD, and obesity. CONCLUSION The independent risk factors for PAOD were age, diabetes mellitus, and systemic arterial hypertension.

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