scholarly journals A rare cause of neonatal diarrhoea: Microvillositary inclusion disease: about a case report

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 053-056
Author(s):  
Akhrif M ◽  
Sabib M ◽  
Rouas L ◽  
Meskini T ◽  
Mouane N
Keyword(s):  
Autosomal Recessive ◽  
Child Survival ◽  
Intestinal Transplantation ◽  
Abdominal Distension ◽  
Common Mutation ◽  
Know How ◽  
History Of ◽  
Myosin Vb ◽  
The Moment

Microvillositary inclusion disease also known as microvillositary atrophy is a rare congenital enteropathy containing a border abnormality in the brushes of enterocytes, manifesting as severe rebellious diarrhea in newborns and infants. It was first described in 1978 by Davidson, et al. The autosomal recessive mode of transmission is suggested because of the frequency of familial cases and inbreeding. Histopathology plays an essential role in establishing the diagnosis. In 2008, a common mutation was identified in most of the patients studied in the MYO5B gene that codes for the Myosin Vb protein, which helped in understanding the etiopathogeny of this pathology poorly described in the literature. The prognosis for this pathology is extremely bleak, requiring total parenteral nutrition for child survival. Intestinal transplantation is for the moment the only long-term solution. Materials and methods: We report the case of an infant aged 6 months, with no perinatal antecedent. There is 1st degree consanguinity, the mother has a history of deaths in younger siblings in undetermined circumstances. Who since the age of 3 days presents profuse liquid diarrhoea with malnutrition, dehydration and enormous abdominal distension? Several diagnoses were suspected before the jejune biopsy was carried out, which led to the diagnosis of a microvilliositary inclusion disease. The aim of our work is to highlight the rarest cause of neonatal rebel diarrhoea and to know how to include it among other differential diagnoses.

scholarly journals Laparoscopic resection of bilateral perinephric pseudocyst in a pediatric feline patient

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 205511691985064
Author(s):  
Margaret Amparo Placer ◽  
Cindy McManis
Keyword(s):  
Laparoscopic Resection ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Abdominal Distension ◽  
Surgical Approaches ◽  
Subtotal Resection ◽  
Invasive Approach ◽  
Less Invasive Approach ◽  
History Of ◽  
Grade 3

Case summary A 6-month-old male domestic shorthair cat presenting with abdominal distension and an acute history of renal azotemia was diagnosed with bilateral perinephric pseudocysts and International Renal Interest Society (IRIS) grade 3 acute kidney injury. Ultrasound-guided drainage of the cysts was performed initially; bilateral subtotal resection of the perinephric pseudocysts was later performed using laparoscopy as a more long-term solution. There was no regrowth or reformation of the perinephric pseudocysts 1 year after the procedure, and the cat remained in IRIS stage 2 chronic kidney disease 1 year postoperatively. Relevance and novel information Compared with traditional surgical approaches, laparoscopic resection of perinephric pseudocysts provides a less invasive approach. Bilateral perinephric pseudocyst in a pediatric feline patient (and associated treatment) has not previously been documented in the literature.

scholarly journals Quantum Computing - from NISQ to PISQ

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Koen Bertels
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Computing ◽  
Quantum Logic ◽  
Intermediate Scale ◽  
Know How ◽  
The Moment ◽  
New Applications ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Scientific Fields

Given the impeding timeline of developing good quality quantum processing units, it is the moment to rethink the approach to advance quantum computing research. <br>Rather than waiting for quantum hardware technologies to mature, we need to start assessing in tandem the impact of the occurrence of quantum computing in various scientific fields.<br>However, to this purpose, we need to use a complementary but quite different approach than proposed by the NISQ vision, which is heavily focused on and burdened by the engineering challenges.<br>That is why we propose and advocate the PISQ-approach: Perfect Intermediate-Scale Quantum computing based on the already known concept of perfect qubits.<br>This will allow researchers to focus much more on the development of new applications by defining the algorithms in terms of perfect qubits and evaluate them on quantum computing simulators that are executed on supercomputers.<br>It is not the long-term solution but will currently allow universities to research on quantum logic and algorithms and companies can already start developing their internal know-how on quantum solutions.

scholarly journals Twist-hands and shuttle-kissing

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Penny ◽  
Tom Fisher
Keyword(s):  
History Of Science ◽  
Textile Industry ◽  
Automated Manufacturing ◽  
Museum Exhibits ◽  
Know How ◽  
Embedded Knowledge ◽  
History Of ◽  
Automated Tools

This paper seeks to understand the skills of operating automated manufacturing machines of the C19th as craft practices, employing externally powered and automated tools around which new cultures of practice emerged. We draw upon situated/embodied/enactive/extended/distributed (SEEED) approaches to cognition to explicate the sensibilities of these practices, as well as the history of science and technology, Anthropology, STS and related fields. Our case study is a body of work focused on embodied/ embedded knowledge in the textile industry – specifically in the making of machine lace. We conclude with a proposal for multi-modal museum exhibits that provide an understanding of know-how, kinesthetic/proprioceptive skills and procedures. The authors are both long term practitioners of crafts, both traditional and industrial (see bios). This experience informs the research at every step.

scholarly journals A sea slug’s guide to plastid symbiosis

2014 ◽  
Vol 83 (4) ◽  
pp. 415-421 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan De Vries ◽  
Cessa Rauch ◽  
Gregor Christa ◽  
Sven B. Gould
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Detailed Analysis ◽  
Multidisciplinary Approach ◽  
Know How ◽  
Sea Slugs ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
History Of ◽  
Food Particles

Some 140 years ago sea slugs that contained chlorophyll-pigmented granules similar to those of plants were described. While we now understand that these “green granules” are plastids the slugs sequester from siphonaceous algae upon which they feed, surprisingly little is really known about the molecular details that underlie this one of a kind animal-plastid symbiosis. Kleptoplasts are stored in the cytosol of epithelial cells that form the slug’s digestive tubules, and one would guess that the stolen organelles are acquired for their ability to fix carbon, but studies have never really been able to prove that. We also do not know how the organelles are distinguished from the remaining food particles the slugs incorporate with their meal and that include algal mitochondria and nuclei. We know that the ability to store kleptoplasts long-term has evolved only a few times independently among hundreds of sacoglossan species, but we have no idea on what basis. Here we take a closer look at the history of sacoglossan research and discuss recent developments. We argue that, in order to understand what makes this symbiosis work, we will need to focus on the animal’s physiology just as much as we need to commence a detailed analysis of the plastids’ photobiology. Understanding kleptoplasty in sacoglossan slugs requires an unbiased multidisciplinary approach.

scholarly journals Quantum Computing - from NISQ to PISQ

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Koen Bertels
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Computing ◽  
Quantum Logic ◽  
Intermediate Scale ◽  
Know How ◽  
The Moment ◽  
New Applications ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Scientific Fields

Given the impeding timeline of developing good quality quantum processing units, it is the moment to rethink the approach to advance quantum computing research. <br>Rather than waiting for quantum hardware technologies to mature, we need to start assessing in tandem the impact of the occurrence of quantum computing in various scientific fields.<br>However, to this purpose, we need to use a complementary but quite different approach than proposed by the NISQ vision, which is heavily focused on and burdened by the engineering challenges.<br>That is why we propose and advocate the PISQ-approach: Perfect Intermediate-Scale Quantum computing based on the already known concept of perfect qubits.<br>This will allow researchers to focus much more on the development of new applications by defining the algorithms in terms of perfect qubits and evaluate them on quantum computing simulators that are executed on supercomputers.<br>It is not the long-term solution but will currently allow universities to research on quantum logic and algorithms and companies can already start developing their internal know-how on quantum solutions.

scholarly journals Pediatric sigmoid volvulus of an extremely long sigmoid colon with hypoganglionosis: a case report

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (7) ◽  
pp. 030006052110324
Author(s):  
Matjaž Horvat ◽  
Marko Hazabent ◽  
Marjan Sekej ◽  
Milka Kljaić Dujić
Keyword(s):  
Sigmoid Colon ◽  
Bowel Obstruction ◽  
Large Bowel ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Vascular Occlusion ◽  
Abdominal Distension ◽  
Large Bowel Obstruction ◽  
Sigmoid Volvulus ◽  
History Of

Sigmoid volvulus is an extremely rare cause of intestinal obstruction in pediatric patients. This condition occurs when a redundant sigmoid loop with a narrow mesenteric base of attachment to the posterior abdominal wall rotates around its mesenteric axis. This situation might result in vascular occlusion and large bowel obstruction. There are only a few predisposing factors of sigmoid volvulus, such as a long-term history of constipation or pseudo-obstruction with an excessive sigmoid colon. Underlying hypoganglionosis can also lead to large bowel obstruction. There have only been two reported cases of hypoganglionosis with sigmoid volvulus, and both were in adults. Sigmoid volvulus usually presents with abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, constipation and abdominal distension, an absence of stool, or the presence of melenic stool in the rectum. Initial treatment options are non-surgical for stable patients, although surgical management might be necessary. If sigmoid volvulus is not recognized and resolved, it may lead to serious complications and death. Pediatric sigmoid volvulus is frequently the fulminant type, and therefore, a decision about treatment must be prompt. We present an unusual pediatric case of an extremely long sigmoid colon with hypoganglionosis, which twisted and caused obstruction. This condition was resolved with surgical resection.

scholarly journals De-industrialization and Globalization

2002 ◽  
Vol 47 (S10) ◽  
pp. 3-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher H. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Economic History ◽  
Critical Mass ◽  
Rust Belt ◽  
Theoretical Perspectives ◽  
Head Of State ◽  
History Of ◽  
World Economic ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Immanuel Wallerstein

The problem of de-industrialization has undergone a decisive transmutation in the past two decades, roughly from the moment when it was linked to proto-industrialization at the Budapest Economic History Conference in 1981. Also interacting with the remarkable efforts of Immanuel Wallerstein and his colleagues who dated the formation of a “world economic system” from the expansion of European conquest and trade in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries, its place in historical and sociological analysis rapidly transcended local concerns (such as the warmly received 1982 study by Bluestone and Harrison of the American “rust belt”) and has become an element in the overall problematique of global capitalism. Only very recently, however, have the necessary studies (and hence theoretical perspectives) formed an appropriate critical mass to integrate the concept of de-industrialization fully into the long-term history of economic globalism. We are coming to understand that the phenomenon at the tip of the tongue of every head of state and the source of massive (and lethal) protest that came to be termed “globalization” in ordinary parlance around 1990 is hardly new and, most importantly, not simply a one-way street originating in the West.

Behavior of Polygonal Shells of Complex Geometry, Taking into Account the History of a High Level of Loading

2021 ◽  
Vol 887 ◽  
pp. 691-697
Author(s):  
J.S. Razzokov
Keyword(s):  
Complex Geometry ◽  
Type Equation ◽  
Complex Stress ◽  
Complex Stress State ◽  
Moment Theory ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Moment ◽  
High Level ◽  
Theory Of Shells

The paper presents the results of the study of the stress-strain state of polygonal shells of positive and negative curvature with different geometric shape of the plan, taking into account the influence of the prehistory of a high loading level. To derive the resolving equation, equation, a mixed-type equation of the moment theory of shells was used. The calculation of the investigated out according to the moment theory, taking into account the influence of a complex stress state edge effect. The numerical implementation of this solution is carried out in relation to hinged and restrained shells. The bearing capacity of short-term and long-term loaded reinforced concrete polygonal shells was investigated by the method of limiting equilibrium.

Traumatic Brain Injury: A Trauma Surgeon's Perspective

2012 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 82-89
Author(s):  
Oscar D. Guillamondegui
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Multidisciplinary Approach ◽  
Trauma Team ◽  
The United States ◽  
Long Term Outcomes ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Injured Brain ◽  
The Moment

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a serious epidemic in the United States. It affects patients of all ages, race, and socioeconomic status (SES). The current care of these patients typically manifests after sequelae have been identified after discharge from the hospital, long after the inciting event. The purpose of this article is to introduce the concept of identification and management of the TBI patient from the moment of injury through long-term care as a multidisciplinary approach. By promoting an awareness of the issues that develop around the acutely injured brain and linking them to long-term outcomes, the trauma team can initiate care early to alter the effect on the patient, family, and community. Hopefully, by describing the care afforded at a trauma center and by a multidisciplinary team, we can bring a better understanding to the armamentarium of methods utilized to treat the difficult population of TBI patients.

Atypical Femoral Fracture in McCune-Albright Syndrome

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 147-152
Author(s):  
Salman Ghaffari ◽  
◽  
Mehran Razavipour ◽  
Parastoo Mohammad Amini ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Femoral Fracture ◽  
Dynamic Compression ◽  
Plate Fixation ◽  
Medullary Canal ◽  
Mccune Albright Syndrome ◽  
Café Au Lait Spots ◽  
History Of ◽  
Albright Syndrome ◽  
Mccune Albright

McCune-Albright Syndrome (MAS) is characterized by endocrinopathies, café-au-lait spots, and fibrous dysplasia. Bisphosphonates are the most prescribed treatment for reducing the pain but their long-term use has been associated with atypical fractures of cortical bones like femur in patients. We present a 23-year-old girl diagnosed with MAS. She had an atypical mid-shaft left femoral fracture that happened during simple walking. She also had a history of long-term use of alendronate. Because of the narrow medullary canal, we used 14 holes hybrid locking plate for the lateral aspect of the thigh to fix the fracture and 5 holes dynamic compression plate (instead of the intramedullary nail) in the anterior surface to double fix it, reducing the probability of device failure. With double plate fixation and discontinuation of alendronate, the complete union was achieved five months after surgery

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